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Climate
The dominant climate of the Chilcotin Highlands and Ranges is a leeward-rainy climate, influenced by wet coastal air from the west, cold plateau air from the north, and dry interior air from the east. The South Chilcotin Mountain Park is located on the leeward side of the major coastal ranges and has less precipitation relative to the mountains to the west.

The South Chilcotin Mountain Park has moderate temperatures and low precipitation during the spring and summer seasons. The fall and winter seasons are influenced by warm Pacific air, resulting in cooler temperatures and higher precipitation. The growing season is short, lasting approximately 3-4 months from the end of spring to the end of summer. At lower elevations, there is frost in most months; at higher elevations, frost is almost daily. Winds are present throughout the year, more at higher elevations. The different amounts of precipitation on the two sides of the mountain and the variation in temperature due to elevation create distinct environments in The South Chilcotin Mountain Park, resulting in biodiversity regarding plants and wildlife.

Geology
South Chilcotin Mountain Park is dominated by gently sloping valleys and dome-shaped mountains with some higher rugged peaks in the range. The park was created in 2010 from a portion of the Spruce Lake Protected Area and has a system of pathways connecting various terrains and different elevations for visitors to access. The main tourism sites in South Chilcotin Mountain Park include Spruce Lake, Pearson Pond, and Taylor Basin. Spruce Lake was known as South Chilcotin Mountain Provincial Park until 2007, when it was relegated to protected area. There is a walking path around the lake that crosses Tyax Creek. The lake is ideal for fishing and swimming in the summer. Pearson Pond is the center of a network of hiking paths within South Chilcotin Mountain Park. Pond side roads provide access to Mowsen Pond, Pearson River, Tyax Lake, and Carpenter Lake .Taylor Basin is crossed by Cinnabar Creek and Mud Creek. The route is designed for hiking up to the summit to access the views.

South Chilcotin Mountain Park extends across the Southeast Coast Range and the Chilcotin Plateau with a complex geological history covering many eras of rock and geological processes. The geological history of South Chilcotin Mountain Park specifically includes ancient ocean deposits, tectonic plate movement, faulting and mixing of rocks and layers of rocks, deposition of sedimentary rocks in shallow-marine basins, upwellings of granitic rocks and lava flows.

The table below lists the most prominent mountains, and typical geological history in South Chilcotin Mountain Park.