User:Kurt.valcorza/sandbox

=Distance e-Learning=

Distance e-Learning or DeL, is the combination of Distance Education and e-Learning which is characterized by the extensive use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in the delivery of education and instruction and the use of synchronous and asynchronous online communication in an interactive learning environment or virtual communities, in lieu of a physical classroom, to bridge the gap in temporal or spatial constraints. Distance e-Learning combines the strengths and advantages of Distance Education and e-Learning. "The focus is shifted to the education transaction in the form of virtual community of learners sustainable across time."

Distance e-Learning is not the same as mainstream Distance Education. The mainstream Distance Education model has its traditional focus on content delivery or correspondence and emphasis on independent learning. Distance e-Learning has its roots on computer conferencing and collaborative constructivist learning approach. It encourages collaboration in an interactive learning environment. Distance e-Learning is also different from e-Learning. Distance e-Learning goes beyond the use of ICT as tools to access information which primarily characterizes e-Learning use in classroom teaching or in the residential setting.

One of the most significant issues encountered in the mainstream correspondence model of Distance Education is transactional distance. Transactional distance results from the lack of appropriate communication between learner and teacher. This gap has been observed to become wider if there is no communication between the learner and teacher and has direct implications over the learning process and future endeavors in Distance Education. Distance Education providers began to introduce various strategies, techniques, and procedures to increase the amount of interaction between learner and teacher. Service providers began to use e-Learning, the generic term for all technologically supported learning, to deliver online courses or tutorial services. These measures e.g. more frequent face-to-face tutorials, increased use of Information and Communication Technologies including teleconferencing and the Internet, were designed to close the gap in transactional distance. The increase in utilization of ICT, particularly the Internet, ushered in a new era in course design and delivery of instruction in ways never before experienced in the mainstream model of Distance Education and traditional education paradigms. The marriage of the two concepts, Distance Education and e-Learning, marked a new strategy in delivering courseware for academic programs and other learning resources developed by Open Universities and conventional educational institutions.


 * The Distance e-Learning model is optimized to overcome the issues/challenges faced in the Distance Education and e-Learning models. Dang, D.H. (2012, Feb). Reforming the Organizational Structure for ODeL: The Case of the Hanoi Open University. Hanoi Open University. Retrieved from http://icodel.org/icodel/resources/allproceedings/A/Dang%20full%20paper.pdf KValcorza (talk) 00:53, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * The marriage of Distance Education and e-Learning (Distance e-Learning) has made a notable impact in course design practices in the shift from the print-based correspondence to online collaboration/interactive learning environment. Arinto, P.B. (2013). A Framework for Developing Competencies in Open and Distance E-Learning. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1393/2433 KValcorza (talk) 00:53, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * Kevin M. Murphy from Washington State University talked about potential solutions to the challenges/issues faced by university-based agricultural courses taught via distance education. He called for novel course designs and innovative assessments using techniques in the Open and Distance e-Learning framework to address the needs of agriculture students. Murphy, K.M. (2012) Bringing agriculture into the ODeL environment: Challenges and opportunities. Washington State University. Retrieved from http://icodel.org/icodel/resources/allproceedings/B/Murphy%20full%20paper.pdf KValcorza (talk) 01:35, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * Professor Denise Kirkpatrick from the University of Adelaide talked about "The state of the art in open and distance e-learning" in her plenary presentation in the 1st International Conference on Open and Distance e-Learning. Retrieved from http://vimeo.com/38136640 KValcorza (talk) 01:35, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * The Philippine Rice Research Institute explored the relevance of open and distance e-learning in establishing an alternative extension system in the agriculture sector in the Philippines. Manalo, J.A. Frediles, C.A. Ilar, G.Y. (2012). How can open and distance e-learning be more relevant in agricultural extension system in the Philippines. Retrieved from http://icodel.org/icodel/resources/allproceedings/A/Manalo%20et%20al.%20full%20paper.pdf KValcorza (talk) 01:35, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * Here's a link from ICDE International Council for Open and Distance Education official website that mentions UPOU as organizer of "International Conference on Open and Distance e-Learning: Creating Spaces and Possibilities" - link: http://www.icde.org/International+Conference+on+Open+and+Distance+e-Learning%3A+Creating+Spaces+and+Possibilities.b7C_wJjM3S.ips, Retrieved July 30, 2013N.musngi (talk) 02:18, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * Kenyatta University has also re-branded the institute of Open Learning to include e-Learning. It now becomes the Institute Of Open, Distance and e-Learning (ODeL) From http://www.ku.ac.ke/odel/index.php/about-us, Retrieved July 30, 2013 N.musngi (talk) 02:23, 30 July 2013 (UTC)


 * Asian Association of Open Universities featured "Ensuring Quality Education in Open and Distance eLearning (ODeL) through Virtual Learning Communities" by Melinda dela Pena-Bandalaria in AAOU Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, September 2011, pages 13-23 From: http://www.aaou.org/journalfiles/Vol6%281%29September2011.pdf, retrieved July 30, 2013 N.musngi (talk) 02:32, 30 July 2013 (UTC)

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