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= Oviatt Library = The Oviatt Library is the official university campus library of California State University, Northridge, or CSUN, in Northridge, California. It was named after Delmar T. Oviatt, the first executive officer and dean of instruction at CSUN, as well as the acting university president. More than 2 million volumes are included in the library, and of the 2 million, 1.5 million are books, and 250,000 of them are periodicals. Around 50,000 online journals, 2,000 print journals, 200 online databases, and 500,000 online books are available at the Oviatt Library. Its microform materials number around 3 million. Over 13,000 audio records, 45,000 movie and video records, and 60,000 photos and other artwork pieces are available. Archival collections, such as manuscripts, are also available at the library, mainly stored in Special Collections. Roughly 1.4 million people visit the library, and 28 librarians answer around 27,000 reference questions. CSUN's Oviatt Library is a teaching institution; every year, it gives sessions on library instruction where librarians show students how to search and analyze legitimately academic research papers. The Oviatt Library has a dedicated outreach program that provides to both non-CSUN and CSUN communities.

Storage System
The East Wing's lowest two levels had an Automatic Storage and Retrieval System, abbreviated as ASRS, referred to as the Leviathan II. Created by the the library's staff and faculty between 1989 and 1991, it was able to hold more than a million volumes, and addressed future storage needs of the library. H.K. Systems created this automated storage system, and allowed a perfect environment where any item could be barcoded, such as books; the speed of getting any item was quick and random. The ASRS at CSUN's Oviatt Library has 13,300 steel bins with enamel paint unable to be rusted, with five different sizes in order to increase cubic footage that was needed. Stored in a two-story rack system, the ASRS' bins are brought over to a person than runs the storage system and using a robotic mini-load crane, is returned to its original location. At CSUN, there are six aisles within the library that has each individual crane. The ASRS is located in a separate concrete box within the East Wing's building.

The Original Library (South Library)
Construction for the original library began on November 14, 1957. It was the first permanent campus building of the San Fernando Valley State College, currently known as CSUN. The original library measured 96,500 square feet, and could seat around 15,000 students; it also had four floors and 200,000 books. It would open for student use on February 16th, 1959, the beginning of the spring semester. The original library officially opened on March 3, 1959. The first and second floors of the four-floor building was where library services occurred. On the first floor, this area was responsible for all business transactions in the library; this helped prevented a large crowd of students from the study area. Books that are in the first floor were for exclusively for reserve. Across the reserve stacks is a reading room that could house 180 students. On the second floor, two group study rooms that handled eight students, and two lounge areas where students could rest were there. Both of the group study rooms had blackboards that lined two walls, meant for the convenience of math students and people hosting seminars, while both of the lounge rooms had televisions where students could watch, and sound facilities for tape recordings. All of the group study rooms and lounge rooms were soundproof. The third floor was used as a meeting hall, and the fourth floor was where the university's administrative offices were located. A year later in 1960, library services occupied three floors of the four-floor building; by 1967, the original library had occupied all four floors of the building. On February 9, 1971 at 6:00 a.m., the 1971 San Fernando earthquake, its epicenter located in the San Gabriel Mountains' foothills, heavily damaged the original library at then-called San Fernando Valley State College. Around a quarter million of its books fell to the ground; these fallen books piled up in certain areas of the library, some up to five feet deep, and because of this, the library's walkways were blocked. For several weeks, library officials shut down the upper floors of the building in order to fix bookshelves and rearrange its collections; students and other individuals from across campus had volunteered in helping officials clean up the huge mess left by the earthquake. Close to $200,000 were paid in damages from the earthquake suffered to the engineering building, bookstore, Sierra Tower, and original library.

Beginnings of the Oviatt Library
Three months after the earthquake on May 19, 1971, ten trees and a running track were removed for a brand new library at CSUN. University president James Cleary and original library dean Norman Tanis both participated in the construction of the new library. Costing around $7.5 billion, the new library was built across from the original library. At noon on Wednesday, October 24, 1973, dedication ceremonies for CSUN's Oviatt Library began. By September 7th, however, students were able to access the library; at that time until the dedication, it did not have an official name. United States Senator John Tunney, California State Senator Alan Robbins, State Assemblyman Jim Keysor, Los Angeles City Councilman Robert Wilkinson, and Chancellor Glenn S. Durke of the California State Universities and Colleges all joined in dedicating the Oviatt Library. Leo A. Daly was the architect who designed the first phase of the Oviatt Library in 1973; its budget costed approximately $7,000,000 to build, and the library measured 137,896 square feet. It was open to students before October 24, 1973, the date when the new library was dedicated to Dr. Delmar T. Oviatt, and renamed simply as the Oviatt Library in his memory. After the new Oviatt Library was completed, the original library was renamed as the South Library. Eighteen years later in 1991, the new East and West Wings were constructed by Leo A. Daly as well through a contract with Kiewit Construction; this was the second phase of the Oviatt Library. Its budget was around $18,000,000. In building both the new East and West Wings, 96,816 square feet of land were needed. It was currently measured at 234,712 square feet. The 1994 Northridge earthquake severely destroyed CSUN's Oviatt Library, and as a result, the library was shut down for an unknown amount of time. All of 53 of CSUN's buildings were ravaged in the earthquake, and a multistory parking garage built two years prior was also damaged. Of these 53 buildings, less than 15 were deemed as safe to go in; even then, university administrators exclusively used those buildings. However, campus staff told students that they could use UCLA's library facilities, which is 20 miles away from CSUN through an hour shuttle ride there. A month after the earthquake, CSUN provided trailers, parked next to the damaged Oviatt Library, with partial library services for students and faculty across the campus to use. The spring of 1994 saw the opening of the North Library Annex, located on Devonshire Street at CSUN's North Campus that was originally a 16,000 square foot barn, and the Library Annex on Lindley Avenue, a 10,000 square foot plastic dome. A 5,000 square foot dome that housed a study hall also opened. In the fall of 1994, the core of the Oviatt Library was restored for service, after 68 days of repairing damages done to the library from the Northridge Earthquake. Both of the East and West Wings of the library were still shut down, since their structures were steel frames that were unable to survive the earthquake's massive shaking. Oviatt's core, however, was concrete, and managed to survive the earthquake's massive force. Rebuilding the library's core costed $11,000,000, much of it spent on removing massive amounts of asbestos that were in the building through the help of Pepper West, an Irvine, California-based contractor, and Law Crandall, who were in charge of managing the reconstruction. Three years after the Northridge Earthquake, during the summer of 1997, both the library's East and West Wings had to be partially removed; it was unable to be entirely rebuilt again. Cleveland Wrecking Company was responsible for the demolition the East and West Wings. In July 1998, a year after the demolition, the East and West Wings were rebuilt at a cost of $22,000,000. Both the wings were designed by architect George Kelly from Fields & Devereaux, contracted by Morse Diesel, and managed by DMJM. A ceremony to dedicate the reopened East and West Wings occurred on September 9, 1998. September 20, 1999 was the date when the Oviatt Library decided on building staircase steps in front of the library outside for easier access, as well as turning the Oviatt's lawn into a terrace; the staircase was also designed by George Kelly, and Calvin Abe was responsible for the lawn in front of the Oviatt Library. On June 19, 2000, the library began to move into both of the East and West Wings through a moving company called King Relocation, and managed by DMJM as well; Burt Gentle helped to reorganize the the library's shelves. A month later on July 21, 2000, the Oviatt Library eventually moved towards both the East and West Wings where all of its services were officially open. September 26, 2000 was the date of rededication for the Oviatt Library and its East and West Wings. Library Dean Susan Curzon, Associated Students (AS) president Robert Hanff, Los Angeles Mayor Richard Riordan, and CSUN's president Jolene Koester were all part of the library's ribbon-cutting ceremony. October 3, 2013 saw the opening of the brand new Learning Commons at the Oviatt Library; September 2, 2014 was the opening of the Creative Media Studio, and October 22, 2014 saw the addition of the Bob and Maureen Gohstand Leisure Reading Room. The fall of 2017 was when the Special Collections & Archives section of the library was expanded and updated twice its size for storage and new space for teaching.

Earthquake safety concerns with the Oviatt Library
Construction of the Oviatt Library during 1973 had satisfied the requirements for safety from earthquake damage. However, the California Seismic Safety Commission re-evaluated its findings of both the structures of CSUN's Music Building and Oviatt Library. Questions were asked regarding the safety of the Oviatt Library to future earthquake damage. It turned out that these buildings posed no significant dangers, contrary to the state commission's list of the top hundred dangerous public buildings, ranked 25th and 56th respectively. After the 1987 Whittier earthquake, studies showed that the library was more safe than the California Seismic Safety Commission had thought. Expansion of the Oviatt Library, known as Phase II of the library's construction where both an east wing and a west wing would be included, would pass all current earthquake requirements for safety from damage; more than half of the library's space would grow and it would be able hold around 1.9 million copies of books. Its cost was $10 million, and increased the Oviatt's square footage from 130,000 square feet of space to 220,000 feet of space. Both the east and west wings of the library were expected to be entirely completed in February 1991. At the same time that both east and west wings of CSUN's Oviatt Library were being built in 1991, the South Library which was CSUN's original library began its move over the summer. The Learning Resource and Computer Center would be used by the South Library. By August 26th, its move would be completed; an automated storage system that can carry a load of 100,000 books to 200,000 books would move there as well.

Damage to the Library
Approximately $125 million in costs to repair the Oviatt Library from earthquake damage were paid by CSUN. More than 90% of the books fell from its shelves, and other buildings were also damaged; they included parking structure C that collapsed and a science building on fire during the earthquake's aftermath. Both of CSUN's bookstore and Fine Arts building were considered "structurally unsound", and were shut down for an unknown amount of time. Of all of the 58 buildings damaged in the 1994 Northridge Earthquake, the South Library that housed the just remodeled Computer Center was the most structurally unstable. Because of this, the South Library's floors shifted sideways, and a trailer that housed the public relations temporary office building, fell off along with its ramp entrance, with broken windows. Unsurprisingly, most furniture, computers, books, and papers became cluttered and damaged. With the help of CSUN's first African-American female president Blenda J. Wilson, she led efforts to get money from state and federal officials to help rebuild both the Oviatt Library and the entire campus. At the time of the earthquake, the California State University system had already suffered from financial difficulties. All of CSUN's 58 campus buildings were destroyed, and it costed nearly $125 million to repair the library and campus, since the California State University system had plenty of financial distress. Recovery efforts in the aftermath of the Northridge Earthquake for the recently destroyed Oviatt Library took seven years; for CSUN's campus, around eleven years. Because of how long it took for the library and campus to recover and return to their normal activities, according to Dean Susan Curzon, if a library suffered a major disaster, she recommends that you "prepare yourself for almost a decade of recovery." The hard work it took rebuilding the Oviatt Library for many years after the earthquake finally paid off in July 2000; library staff, faculty, services, and collections that were removed in 1994 had moved from the temporary trailers on Prairie Street and study dome on Lindley Avenue into the newly renovated Oviatt and its wings. On September 26, 2000, the Oviatt Library was rededicated and reopened with a ceremony to celebrate.

Special Collections and Archives
Made up of five areas within the Oviatt Library, the Special Collections and Archives were separately founded between the 1970s and 1990s. In 1993, the Urban Archives Center, University Archives, and areas of Special Collections were merged; it became the Special Collections and Archives. In 1996, the Old China Hands Archives was included in the Oviatt Library's Special Collections, and four years later in 2000, the International Guitar Research Archives was included as well. Every piece of material stored in the Special Collections are available to library customers at the Special Collections & Archives Reading Room, located in Room 228 of the Oviatt Library's second floor.

Special Collections
Officially started during the early 1970s, the Special Collections is where the library's manuscripts, rare books, periodicals, maps, prints, and art are located. Each collection that is processed and cataloged can be used for research purposes. Over 45,000 books, as well as collections of manuscripts and archives all help CSUN's curriculum, along with faculty and campus students interested in research. Its collections are focused on topics such as American literature, California and the West, printing and publishing history, human sexuality, music, 19th century and 20th century European history, scripts from radio and television, religion, theatre and film, along with the history of the United States.

University Archives
The University Archives is where historical papers of CSUN's administration, Faculty Senate, schools and departments, and campus activities meant for students are stored. These records are a perfect resource for any historical research, and they support the needs of the university's administration. Information at the University Archives are available in the Reading Room of the Special Collections and Archives.

Urban Archives
In 1979, efforts from university faculty, concerned community organizations, and civic leaders led them to create the Urban Archives at the Oviatt Library. During its early years, the Urban Archives were included in its numerous administrative units. July 1992 saw the Oviatt Library's administration taking over the Urban Archives. The goal is to find historically important documents from voluntary associations, local political figures, prominent citizens, and civic leaders that have participated in Los Angeles County's growth.

International Guitar Research Archives (IGRA)
In 1980, Professor Ronald C. Purcell donated the Vahdah Olcott-Bickford Collection to CSUN. This was the founding of the International Guitar Research Archives, or IGRA. It is the world's largest collection that records guitarist s' lives, music, and their careers; composers that are involved with guitar playing and their professional association are also included in the IGRA. The IGRA has one of the largest repositories of guitar sheet music. Anyone can find correspondence, manuscripts, periodicals, various audio recordings in different formats, sheet music, books, and many others at the International Guitar Research Archives. Noted musicians like Andrés Segovia, Reginald Smith Brindle, Laurindo Almeida, Vincente Gomez, Neil Anderson, Ronald Purcell, and many others have collections that document their careers.

Tom & Ethel Bradley Center Collections
Founded in 1981 by Dr. Kent Kirkton, the Bradley Center was first established as the Center for Photojournalism & Visual History; it displayed Southern California's visual history, focusing on ethnic minority communities and photographers. In 2015, a relationship that continues to this day was formed with the Tom & Ethel Bradley Foundation, and renamed the Tom & Ethel Bradley Center. It has over a million photos from photographers in Los Angeles that showcase social, cultural, and political lives of Los Angeles' diverse communities between the 1910s and present-day. One of the largest collections of African-American photographers west of the Mississippi River, there are plenty of pictures taken from the Civil Rights Movement, local churches, politicians, musicians, entertainers, athletes, and social organizations. A focus on immigration, human rights, globalization, and economic violence, along with issues regarding the United-States border are included in this collection.

Old China Hands Archives
During the fall of 1996, Professor Robert Gohstand founded the Old China Hands Archives, meant to preserve and make others aware of China's foreign residents who live and work there. Donations from previous Old China Hands, such as correspondence, diaries, photographs, postcards, books, periodicals, newspapers, and various materials are included in this collection. These materials describe foreign citizens in China who have varied life experiences; many of these citizens include those who worked for China's government, naval and military members, refugees escaping Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, civil administrators, and journalists. Documents from these citizens showcase their involvement in a phase of China's history of constant conflict.