User:Kwilkinson654/sandbox

To Katharine:

Contribution looks great - the only lingering question I have is in the third paragraph - was the antagonistic action observed in animals (in vivo) or in the lab (in vitro). I think this is the only thing I would add to make your contribution stronger.

7/19/19-

New draft:

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram positive bacteria that is normally present within the human vaginal microbiota, and is also usually found in the animal and human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.

L. acidophilus was found to lower serum cholesterol and raise cholesterol in fecal matter when fed to pigs. These pigs were fed the same amount of food, with the same nutritional content, but one group received saline solution with L. acidophilus while the other group received just the saline. The group given the saline with the bacteria had lowered serum cholesterol compared to the control group. Pigs were chosen because their digestive system is similar to that of humans.

L. acidophilus is also correlated with antagonistic actions upon growth for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Clostridium perfergens . The S. aureus, out of the four organisms, was the most affected by L. acidophilus. However, along with S. aureus, the other gram positive bacteria C. perfergnes, was affected more by L. acidophilus, than the two other bacteria that are gram negative.

L. acidophilus is found to also affect the growth of oral plaque Streptococcus mutans . Although some research has been done, more needs to be done to determine how strong the effect is on S. mutans, what the effect is, and how exactly the effect is executed on L. acidophilus. The research was preformed in the lab, and not on animals.

Old draft:

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram positive bacteria that is found to reside within the human vaginal microbiota, along with being normally present in both the animal and human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.

L. acidophilus was found to lower serum cholesterol and raise cholesterol in fecal matter when fed to pigs. These pigs were fed the same amount of food, with the same nutritional content, but one group received saline solution with L. acidophilus while the other group received just the saline. The group given the saline with the bacteria had lowered serum cholesterol compared to the control group. Pigs were chosen because their digestive system’s are similar to that of humans.

L. acidophilus is also correlated with antagonistic actions upon growth for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Clostridium perfergens . The S. aureus, out of the four organisms, was the most affected by L. acidophilus. However, along with S. aureus, the other gram positive bacteria C. perfergnes was affected more by L. acidophilus, than the two other bacteria that are gram negative.

L. acidophilus is found to also affect the growth of oral plaque Streptococcus mutans . Although some research has been done, more needs to be done to determine how strong the effect is on S. mutans and how exactly the effect is executed.

7/10/19 Laurel S peer review '''How is the grammar (spelling, punctuation, capitalization, appropriate vocabulary)? A few minor edits need to be made to relax the writing a little, as well as reviewing apostrophes. I underlined some wording that is very close to the already existing wikipedia page. It could be deleted since it is already there or could be edited to avoid plagiarism.'''

'''Are all species names properly formatted? yes'''

'''Are there three distinct paragraphs ? Yes'''

'''Is each interesting fact elaborated on enough (3-4 sentences at least)? third paragraph is slightly short'''

'''Do any of the paragraphs leave you with further questions? The last paragraph with the S. mutans could be elaborated in a little. How did it affect the growth?'''

'''Are the niche and gram stain of the organism mentioned? Yes, gram stain and niche are mentioned here and on the original page'''

'''Are 3 sources used throughout the contribution? yes'''

'''Are citations properly formatted? yes'''

'''Do the links to citations work when clicked on? yes'''

'''Is the contribution written from a neutral tone? Yes'''

'''Is the contribution written for a lay-audience (someone who might come across this article in the middle of the night on a wiki-binge)? Some of the language sounds slightly stiff. It would be slightly easier to read if it kept the facts but was slightly less formal. For example, "...is found to reside within the human vaginal microbiota..." could be eased up and read more like "is found naturally in the microbiota of the human vagina". The facts themselves are great, it could just be a little easier to read if it was slightly more casual. Most of the draft is fine, just a few rough patches.'''

7/10/19- Rough draft of contribution for the article is done.

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram positive bacteria that is found to reside within the human vaginal microbiota, along with being normally present in both the animal and human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.

L. acidophilus was found to lower serum cholesterol and raise cholesterol in fecal matter when fed to pigs. These pigs were fed the same amount of food, with the same nutritional content, but one group received saline solution with L. acidophilus while the other group received just the saline. The group given the saline with the bacteria had lowered serum cholesterol compared to the control group. Pigs were chosen because their digestive system’s are similar to that of humans.

L. acidophilus is also correlated with antagonistic actions upon growth for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Clostridium perfergens . The S. aureus, out of the four organisms, was the most affected by L. acidophilus. However, along with S. aureus, the other gram positive bacteria C. perfergnes was affected more by L. acidophilus, than the two other bacteria that are gram negative.

L. acidophilus is found to also affect the growth of oral plaque Streptococcus mutans . Although some research has been done, more needs to be done to determine how strong the effect is on S. mutans and how exactly the effect is executed.

6/28/19- Today I started gathering facts and information about my microbe to start an outline of my draft.

Gram- stain: Positive

Lives: Human and animal gastrointestinal tract and mouth, human vagina

Facts:

1- Was found when fed to pigs to lower serum cholesterol and raise fecal cholesterol presence.

2- Was found to be antagonistic to growth of Staphylcoccus aureus, Salmonella typhymirium, and Clostiridum perfergens.

6/21/19- Today I went and added a sentence into my article with a citation attached. The sentence I added to my article is; "Lactobacillus acidophilus was found, when fed to pigs, to lower serum cholesterol and raise the amount of cholesterol present in fecal matter." The citation used for this sentence was:

Gilliland, et al. “Assimilation of Cholesterol by Lactobacillus Acidophilus.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, 1 Feb. 1985, aem.asm.org/content/49/2/377.short.

The citation on the article is presented a little differently due to how Wikipedia formats their citation compared to my original citation.

6/19/19- Today I reassigned myself a new microbe Lactobacillus acidophilus ,after reviewing the left over microbes and their information and sources. I also went onto Google Scholar to look for reliable sources for research for my microbe. I found three sources that I will start taking notes from.

Sources:

Gilliland, et al. “Assimilation of Cholesterol by Lactobacillus Acidophilus.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, 1 Feb. 1985, aem.asm.org/content/49/2/377.short.

Gilliland, S. E., and M. L. Speck. “Antagonistic Action of Lactobacillus Acidophilus Toward Intestinal and Foodborne Pathogens in Associative Cultures .” Journal of Food Protection, Dec. 1977, jfoodprotection.org/doi/pdf/10.4315/0362-028X-40.12.820.

Hilton, Eileen, et al. “Ingestion of Yogurt Containing Lactobacillus Acidophilus as Prophylaxis for Candidal Vaginitis.” Annals of Internal Medicine, American College of Physicians, 1 Mar. 1992, annals.org/aim/article-abstract/705341/ingestion-yogurt-containing-lactobacillus-acidophilus-prophylaxis-candidal-vaginitis.

6/14/19- Today I looked through articles to assign myself one from the list of available articles. Once I found an article I wanted to edit upon, the Bifidobacterium breve , I started looking for new sources and found three reliable sources I am going to start taking notes from.

Sources:

European Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. “‘Complete Sequence of Bifidobacterium Breves ACS-071-V-Sch8b.".” European Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, www.uniprot.org/proteomes/UP000008279.

McCartney, and G W Tannock. “Molecular Analysis of the Composition of the Bifidobacterial and Lactobacillus Microflora of Humans.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, 1 Dec. 1996, aem.asm.org/content/62/12/4608.short.

Weissbach, Katarina. “Bifidobacterium Breve.” Microbewiki, 22 Feb. 2016, microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium_breve.