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Basidiomycota of atractiellales

Atractiellomycetes are a class of fungi in the Puccioniomycota which is a subdivision of Basidiomycota (Atractiellomycetes, n.d.). To the best of conducted research Puccioniomycota consists of mostly plant pathogens and have not previously been observed to form mycorrhizal associations with plants (Pucciniomycota, n.d.). An experiment conducted in the tropical rainforest of the Northern Andes sampling epiphytic and terrestrial orchids.The sampled roots were examined for intact fungal coils in roots that would remain intact which allow for nutrient exchange between plants and fungi which is an indication of a mycorrhizal association (Dearnaley et al., 2012). Their analysis showed a considerable presence (31%) of Atractiellomycetes in the roots of both the sampled orchids (Kottke et al., 2009). Sample were examined by molecular genetic phylogenetic and transmission electron microscopy analysis which revealed simple septate pores, characteristic of Atractiellales of Basidiomycetes (Kottke et al., 2009). A defining characteristic of orchid mycorrhizal association is described by the intracellular hyphal coils which was found to be the case in this study.

Kottke, I., Suarez, J. P., Herrera, P., Cruz, D., Bauer, R., Haug, I., & Garnica, S. (2009). Atractiellomycetes belonging to the rust lineage (Pucciniomycotina) form mycorrhizae with terrestrial and epiphytic neotropical orchids. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 277(1685), 1289-1298. doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.1884

“Basidiomycota.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 Dec. 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basidiomycota.

Oberwinkler, F., Kirschner, R., Arenal, F., Villarreal, M., Rubio, V., Begerow, D., & Bauer, R. (2006). Two new pycnidial members of the Atractiellales: Basidiopycnis hyalina and Proceropycnis pinicola. Mycologia, 98(4), 637-649. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.4.637

Dearnaley J.D.W., Martos F., Selosse MA. (2012) 12 Orchid Mycorrhizas: Molecular Ecology, Physiology, Evolution and Conservation Aspects. In: Hock B. (eds) Fungal Associations. The Mycota (A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research), vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg