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Zhu Ling (born 1951) is a Chinese researcher and the current deputy director of the Institute of Economic Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Her research focus is mainly on the income distribution, poverty reduction, social security and rural development issues in the field of development economics.

Early life and graduation
Zhu Ling was born during 1951 in Shou County, a county in the north-central part of Anhui Province, China.

Education
Zhu Ling attended Wuhan University, where she graduated with a Master's degree in economics in 1981. She went on to complete a Ph.D in agricultural economics at the University of Hohenheim in 1988. Her graduate thesis was on "Rural revolution and farmer’s income in China".

Career
After graduation Ling took a job at the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, where she continues to work as of 2019 as a researcher and deputy director. She has served on the executive committee of the International Society of Agricultural Economics (IAAE) and as the vice president of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Economics. Ling has participated in the Poverty Reduction Research Program, which is part of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. She currently works as a member of the Theoretical Economics Group of the Academic Discipline Review Group of the State Council in China and as a member of the Expert Advisory Committee of the State Council Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation. In 2010 she was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Research Direction

 * In the study of the transformation of rural socio-economic systems, Zhu Ling proposed a supplementray theory of community functions
 * In the exploration of rural poverty reduction approaches, she proposed the idea of combining relief and employment promotion, improving infrastucture and social service to achieve poverty alleviation.
 * In the study of health economics, she discovered the lack of government responsibility in the areas of rural medical care, public health services and medical protection for migrant workers.
 * In the study of gender inequality, she adopts the statistical models to analyze gender discrimination in farmland allocation, basic medical care insurance and pension plan.

Research Results
Zhu Ling’s research has been focused on how to alter rural poverty, improve social security and balance income distribution in the economic field. She firstly collects and analyzes historical documents, she conducts field interviews and surveys afterwards. Then she studies her first-hand data with statistical tools and her theoretical knowledge. Finally, she concludes the new problems that arise in the development of socio-economic transformation and gives corresponding explanation and opinions for those problems.

# 1. The impact of rural economic reform on individuals
Early rural economic system led to inefficient resource allocation and incomplete government functions. Zhu Ling suggested that the government should enhance public investment on infrastructure and social services to encourage rural people to improve their efficiency in both productivity and resource allocation. She also proposed the establishment of social organization. This organization can provide public services and play the role of government in public affairs simultaneously. It can serve as a bridge between farmers and markets as well. Two of her papers on this research were published on the British Journal of Development Studies,1990 and the Cambridge Journal of Economics,1993,No.4.

# 2. The problems of how to balance income distribution
She emphasized in her research that although in the market economy, people are provided with equal employment opportunities, each industry still has more or less entry barriers. She identified the factors that significantly affected income inequality by analyzing data collecting from random sample and concluded the government should adopt an economic practice such as income redistribution to narrow entry barriers and mitigate the adverse effects.

# 3. Economic analysis of gender inequality
Zhu Ling had attended the Fourth United Nations Conference on Women as a member of the Chinese government delegation in 1995 and she started focusing on the study of gender inequality afterwards. When she was collecting materials for her paper ‘Focusing on Gender Equality in Farmland Distribution’, she found that the existing gender discrimination against women in rural societies was the main reason why women were treated unfairly in allocating land, resources and income. In Zhu Ling’s research report ‘Investigation on the Health Problems of Farming and Pastoral Women in Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan and Tibet’, she discovered the potential threats to health faced by women in Tibetan area are mostly related to poverty. While the caring policy of women’s health was the weakest part in the Tibetan Development and Poverty Alleviation Plan. In fact, the sick farming and pastoral housewives not only are unable to take care of family, but also cause economic burden of disease and financial problems. Therefore, she suggested that the government must take interventions to focus on women’s health and income issues.

# 4. Seeking the health protection of farmers and migrant workers
Zhu Ling believes that disease burden is one of the reasons that causes poverty among rural people. She began to study on the health protection for farmers and migrant workers from the perspective of health economics since 1997. She found that the government lacks its responsibility in the field of rural medical insurance and medical assistance. She has trained 6 doctors and published serveral research reports and papers. In 2003, Mayor of Beijing at the time employed the results of her research group to deal with the raging SARS disease.

# 5. Focusing on women's pension plan in rural areas
During the period of 2007-2010, Zhu Ling and her team made a sample survey of the current situation of rural people and migrant workers' paticipation in pension plan. It is found that since women spent less time on working than men, even they are paid the same wage, women's pension level is only 55% of that is of men. Her paper published on the 'Chinese Journal of Population Science' No.5 indicates the inappropriate segmentation of China's existing social security system has insufficient protection for women. She suggests the policy of migrant workers and rural women participating in urban employee social insurance which narrows the gap of pension level between women and men.

Some of Zhu Ling’s research results are not listed above.

Books

 * Rural Reform and Peasant Income, London: The Macmillan Press LTD. 1991.
 * Credit System for the Rural Poor in China, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. With Joachim von Braun, 1997.
 * Addressing the Problem of Extreme Poverty and Marginalization: Sharing. 2011.

Papers

 * "The Transformation of the Operating Mechanisms in Chinese Agriculture", the Journal of Development Studies, No.2, Vol.26: pp. 229-242. 1990.
 * "From brigade to village community: the land tenure system and rural development in China", Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol.17, No.4: pp. 441-461. 1993.
 * "Yigong-daizhen in China: Labor-intensive Public Works in Poor Areas", Development Policy Review，Vol.13, No.4:pp.349-370. With Jiang Zhongyi, 1995.
 * "Comment on Social Protection under the Planned Economy", Social Sciences in China, No.5:pp.25-36. 2008.
 * "Gender Equality in the Distribution of Farmland", Economic Research Journal, No.9:pp.34-42. 2000.
 * "On the Coping Strategies of the Global Food and Energy Crisis, Economic Research Journal, No.9:pp.22-30. 2008.
 * "Income Distribution Pattern of Chinese Residents and How to Cope with the Great Recession", Management World, No.3:pp.63-71. With Jin Chengwu, 2009.