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Global Perspectives on the AI Boom
While the AI boom has seen substantial contributions from the United States and China, its impacts and waves have become global. Countries are allocating increasing budgets to their R&D in AI, knowing the value that AI brings toward innovation, economic growth, and solving complex social problems. Countries notable for their R&D include the United Arab Emirates and India. This section spotlights some of the outstanding developments in the AI world across the globe, following the constant rising interest in and investment in AI technologies by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and India.

Pioneering AI Research and Education
The United Arab Emirates has emerged as a leader in the Middle East for its ambitious AI initiatives. The Mohammed Bin Zaid University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI) is the world's first graduate-level, research-based AI university and exemplifies the commitment of the UAE to supporting AI-based education and research. It was only in 2019 that the Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, as part of a partnership with New York University, was created with the mission to offer degrees at master's and PhD levels in Artificial intelligence.[2]

MBZUAI plans to assemble an exemplary faculty of world-renowned AI and machine learning experts. The programs it will offer will contribute to forming the leader in such strategic fields as machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing. The university projects to have more than 600 students enrolled in the first five years of its establishment. [1] Moreover, MBZUAI works in cooperation with Google, Amazon, Microsoft, and other technology companies on applied AI.

Furthermore, the UAE introduced the JAIS Model, a large open-source language model launched in August 2023. The model was based on training data in English and Arabic using a combination of media sources online, and an In-house Machine Translation System focused on targeting high-quality English sources to Arabic. This effort aimed to capture a wide range of topics, styles, and the linguistic diversity of the Arabic language. The translated portion targeted English Wikipedia and English books specifically, focusing on translating content that would enrich the Arabic dataset's diversity and quality.

The focus of JAIS is to improve government efficiency and the overall welfare of society.[3] The JAIS Model, which it has given rise to, is a big leap in developing bilingual AI models and the penetration of AI in various sectors, from health care to transport and education. Showing, in a strategic way, the UAE's approach to how to leverage the use of AI for national development.

India:

Fostering Innovation and AI Capabilities

The Indian AI strategy will emphasize social welfare, health care, education, and agriculture to use AI for inclusive growth. On its part, the government has rolled out several schemes to promote AI research, development, and adoption at the all levels.

Government Initiatives and Policy Framework

National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence:

NITI Aayog published the National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence in 2018. It is a blueprint by which India plans to use AI for the country's economic development, social development, and inclusive technology. It identifies priority sectors for AI adoption and recommends measures to build an AI-ready workforce.

Digital India:

A campaign launched in 2015 for the digital empowerment of government efficiency and economy through synchronized efforts to properly infuse AI technologies in government services and operations. [5] The project involves training government staff in AI skills and activity administration automation.

Academic and Research Contributions:

Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institute of Science (IISc):

These top-rated institutions handle the frontiers of AI research in India and conduct state-of-the-art AI technologies, machine learning algorithms, and their applications related to robotics, healthcare, and natural language processing. For instance, IIT Madras established the country's first institute dedicated to AI research in 2017.[6] These centers of excellence are meant to boost innovation and research across the country, specifically in artificial intelligence.[7]

Start-Up Ecosystem:

The number of AI startups is increasing around India, with many startups working on different kinds of AI applications. These applications include, among others, healthcare diagnostics, agricultural technologies, fintech solutions, and educational platforms.

The government's policy initiative is supported by establishing several initiatives and funds. Most notable is the Startup India initiative, which would develop India into the forefront of innovation and entrepreneurship in the world country. [8] NITI Aayog has also launched initiatives like "AI Garage" to encourage AI startups.[9]

Challenges and Opportunities

India has some issues to deal with, such as data privacy, which would be vulnerable if it does not enforce tough regulations and laws, close skill gaps, and focus on infrastructure development. India is uniquely positioned with its enormous IT talent pool, the largest digital identification database in the world (Aadhar), and a growing technology sector.