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= Elaiophylin = Elaiophylin, also known as azalomycin B and gopalamycin, is a glycosylated macrolide antibiotic produced by several Streptomyces strains. Elaiophylin was originally isolated from Streptomyces melanosporus in 1960. The compound was found to have antibacterial activities. Low dosage of Elaiophylin, with no toxicity, shows antitumor effects against orthotopic ovarian and some other types of cancer cells.

Biosynthetic Mechanism
Mechanism of elaiophylin biosynthesis resembles to those of other macrolides. Initially, an acetyl unit, created from decarboxylation of a malonyl thioester, is attached on ACP of the loading module. Then, to reach the structure shown in module 7, the polyketide chain recruits one ethyl malonate (module 1), three malonates (modules 2, 6, 7), and three methyl malonates (modules 3, 4, 5). Finally, Formation of diolide takes place in three steps: (1) coupling between the thioesterase (TE) bound and the ACP-bound monomers to give a linear dimer attached to the ACP, (2) transfer of the linear dimer to the vacant TE active site, and (3) regioselective cyclization of the linear dimer to give a symmetrical diolide backbone. After few steps, including glycosylation, Elaiolylin will be formed.