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Urbanization can be planned urbanization or organic. Planned urbanization, i.e.: planned community or the garden city movement, is based on an advance plan, which can be prepared for military, aesthetic, economic or urban design reasons. Examples can be seen in many cities such as Paris. 19th century Paris saw architecture, materials, processes, and cultures of emerging modernity combining in Paris, above all other cities, with unprecedented consequences much of which were influenced by Georges-Éugene Haussmann and Emperor Napoléon III. This state led modernization plan faced opposition from many at the time but ultimately led to the wide tree-lined boulevards of today. Much of the urban planning concerns of modern Paris are for sustainable housing projects in the outlying suburbs of Paris.

Many ancient organic cities experienced redevelopment for military and economic purposes, new roads carved through the cities, and new parcels of land were cordoned off serving various planned purposes giving cities distinctive geometric designs. UN agencies prefer to see urban infrastructure installed before urbanization occurs. Landscape planners are responsible for landscape infrastructure (public parks, sustainable urban drainage systems, greenways etc.) which can be planned before urbanization takes place, or afterward to revitalize an area and create greater livability within a region.