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Human-In-The-Loop Testing - HITL Testing

What is Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) Testing
Human in the loop testing is where humans actually participate in the tests to verify and validate requirements. These humans may be crew members who will perform the tasks in actual operation or surrogates chosen to represent those crewmembers. An example would be astronauts testing a new space craft or engineers posing as astronauts in certain test situations.

2TV-1 Second Apollo Test Vehicle - Chamber B - JSC [16-24 June, 1968]
2TV-1 In mid-1968, prior to the first manned Apollo mission, astronauts Joe Engle, Vance Brand, and Joe Kerwin spent a week (16-24 June) in a simulated mission using the Block II thermal vacuum test article 2TV-1 (identical, except for some flight-qualified equipment, to Apollo 7's CSM-101) inside chamber A. The crew devised a patch for this exercise which was a take-off on the NASA "vector" emblem. The red "vector" was replaced by a roadrunner (a bird that doesn't fly), and "2TV-1" replaced "NASA".

"Joe Kerwin coined the motto which appeared around the border of the patch: "Arrogans Avis Cauda Gravis": The Proud Bird with the Heavy Tail. Only 40-50 copies of this rare patch were manufactured although Beta cloth versions were created as well." --Still, Relics of the Space Race

According to Hengeveld, the motto was a paraphrase of the Continental Airlines slogan "The Proud Bird With the Golden Tail."

LTA-8 Lunar Test Article - 8 Chamber A - JSC [May and June 1968]
....Before the first manned flights of the new and untried Apollo spacecraft, NASA wanted to simulate here on Earth as much of the Space enviroment as possible. This was required for both major Apollo components: the Command and Service Modules (CSM) as well as the Lunar Module (LM) In the spring of 1968, two important tests called 2TV-1 and LTA-8 were performed in the Space En[viroment Simulation Laboratory (SESL) at the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas. The SESL was a huge chamber capable of simulating the vacuum of space as well as the temperatures and lighting conditions that would be experienced during a space flight. In Chamber-A of the SESL the 2TV-1 test with the CSM took place, and Chamber-B focused on LTA-8, the equally important checkout of the Lunar Module Test Article. The LM contract was awarded to the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation on January 14, 1963. In addition to 15 flight vehicles, the company planned to build several mockups and test modules for a variety of support roles. 10 Lunar Module Test Articles (LTA's) were planned for various test programmes. LTA-7 was slated for the environmental qualification test article and would be mated to the CSM and tested in the SESL in Houston. LTA-8 and LTA-9 were were reserved for a pair of free-flying LM trainers. When Grumman cancelled LTA's 7 and 9, LTA-8 became the environmental qualification test vehicle. Assembly of LTA-8 begun at the Grumman plant in September 1965. The vehicle closely resembled the final design configuration of LM-3 that would be flown on Apollo-9 in late 1968. When construction of LTA-8 was complete in the spring of 1967 the vehicle was subjected to a thorough final acceptance test. Then the ascent and descent stages were de-mated and shipped to Houston were they arrived on September 24, 1967. There the two stages were mated again and the landing gear was attached and LTA-8 was placed in Chamber-B of the SESL. (Originaly the LTA-8 programme was scheduled to begin in March 1967 but the Apollo-1 fire in January of that year delayed the test, the LM was also subjected to a thorough fire safety review during 1967). The LTA-8 tests were held in May and June 1968 and were very succesfull. Jim Irwin called the LTA-8 test "almost more rewarding" than his trip to the Moon in 1971. In 1970 the LTA-8 descent stage, together with the ascent stage of the unflown LM-2, spent several months at the Expo '70 in Osaka, Japan. Upon return the LTA-8 ascent and descent stages were reunited and put on display at the JSC visitor center where they can still be seen today. Text: Ed Hengeveld, Spaceflight magazine, April 2000

China Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) Testing
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Russia Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) Testing
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