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= Collage Health: Alcohol and Drugs Abuse = The topics “Alcohol and Drug Abuse” has been always controversial. The controversy is derivative from the philosophies and values of Americans, according to professor Ruth C. Egs. The educational methods to a safe drinking and safe use of drugs has been teach over the years. Students often have presentations about the decisions for a responsible drinking, the consequences and symptoms of alcohol use. The culture around use of addictive substances and the availability of it has resulted in a range of harmful academic, health, and social consequences that are felt not only by the abusers, but also by friends and family members. Irresponsible use of alcohol and drugs often creates social, emotional, academic and legal problems for students. Most students disregard the opportunities inside the universities to help and defeat addiction. Students should know that there's a plenty of help inside and outside college.

Drinking inside Universities
Heavy alcohol consumed by students remains as the major public health issue. The alcohol consumption has a major impact on college students. Despite massive efforts at prevention, college student drinking remains the number one health issue on college campuses (Dowdall, 2009; Wechsler and Wuethrich, 2002). According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), four out of five students drink Alcohol, which means that three-quarters of this population is under the legal age. One of the questions that people ask frequenlty is, How under age students have access to drinks? The NIAAA states that, upper class man over the age of 21 buy legal alcohol to younger people.

Student who attend college are more likely to develop a heavy drinking behavior than people of the same-age who do not attend college. The article Drinking over the lifespan reports that according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2014) rates of binge drinking were higher among college students from ages 18-22, than their peers who do not attend collage.

The alcohol has a different impact depending on the gender of a student. For example, research found by the journal of American college(Jan-Mar 2011) says that, " a woman will become more intoxicated than a similarly sized man when consuming equivalent doses of ethyl alcohol"(306). Students tend to link the word 'Moderate Drinking" with responsible drinking. According to Adam Barry a PhD professor and associate department head of Health and Kinesiology, determines that individuals limit the amount of drinks based on their individual perception.

Reasons why College Students Drink?
The most common reasons why students drink are Changes in the lifestyle are difficult for first year students. The National Institution of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism(NIAAA), and the Addition Center disclose that drinking is part of the “College Experience.” Students drink to be more friendly -especially students that have a hard time making friends- and to have a good time. Drinking make students forget about assignment and responsibilities. The Dual Diagnosis mentions that students are keen to fit in, to prove freedom to themselves or others.
 * Relax/Stress reliever
 * Instability
 * Peer pressure
 * Reduce anxiety/depression
 * Emerging Adulthood/Role of Parents

A survey by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism(NIAAA) reported that approximately 2 out of 5 college students of all ages reported binge drinking at least once in the 2 weeks prior. Bringe drinking can be dangerous for students that feel alone and have depression, because students use alcohol as the only way out.

Collage is part of the concept of emerging into adulthood. Responsibilities and identity explorations are part of these stage of growth. The stage of collage is when people are figuring out their own identity, and according to the article Drinking Over the lifespan, "Alcohol use may be a part of exploring a wide range of lifestyle options before adopting adult roles and identity"(103).

Consequences Of Drinking During College
The Center for the study of Collegiate Mental Health (CSCMH, 2009) conducted a pilot study to find information about the mental health issues affecting students. The CSCMH reported that students that drink more have high levels of depression. Which means that students lost their focus on academic achievement. The Addition Center (2015) implies that student don't realize that drinking heavy alcohol can lead to an addiction. Research made by the Addiction Center shows that excessive drinking as they are widespread.

The following annual statistics apply to college students between the ages of 18 to 24, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Addition Center (https://www.addictioncenter.com/college/binge-drinking/ )
 * About 1,825 die from alcohol-related unintentional injuries
 * More than 690,000 are assaulted by another student who has been drinking
 * More than 97,000 are victims of alcohol-related sexual assault or date rape
 * About 599,000 receive unintentional injuries while under the influence of alcohol
 * About 25 percent report academic consequences of their drinking, including missing class, falling behind, doing poorly on exams or papers and receiving lower grades overall
 * More than 150,000 develop an alcohol-related health problem
 * Between 1.2 and 1.5 percent indicate that they tried to commit suicide within the past year due to drinking or drug use

Alcohol Prevention and strategies at College Campuses
Every University is concerned about the dangerous use of alcohol by students, particularly the students under 21. The article Student Alcohol Abuse, written by Christopher Ringwalt, quotes the two strategies to reduce problem drinking inside collage. Ringwalt says that the environment inside collage has a major impact in a student drinking condition. The Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse,supported by the Department of Education, suggests that, "colleges should develop comprehensive, campus-wide policies that send an unambiguous message to students that alcohol abuse will not be tolerated, and that policies concerning abuse will be diligently and consistently enforced" Also, Christopher Ringwalt explain that the educational center also recommends banning it at all campuses venues or restricting where and when it can be consumed. (Pacific Institution for Research and Evaluation). The Higher Education Center of the U.S. Department of Education designed the strategies to prohibit students’ use of alcohol in public places on campus, as well as the delivery and use of kegs.

The role or presence of the parents have a great and important impact in an college student's life. Professors of PH.D, Jennifer Merill and Kate Carey, quote a research in the journal Drinking Over The Lifespan that, "higher levels of perceived parental involvement may buffer students from the effects of peers on alcohol use and problems"(Wood et al. 200). Parental communication serves to protect student's involvement with alcohol.

Protective Behavioral Strategies For Students
It is important for students to learn to drink safely. Skills for a safe drinking exist. Some of the techniques for a safe drink behavior are: Studies reveal that individuals who report protective behavioral strategies also report fewer alcohol problems(Pearson 2013).
 * 1) Eat before or while drinking (Avoid salty snacks).
 * 2) Drink limits:
 * 3) * Don't drink more that what you want.
 * 4) * Stop drinking before becoming ill.
 * 5) Drink nonalcoholic :
 * 6) * Nanny Sate
 * 7) * Drink'in the sun 13
 * 8) * Krombacher Alkoholfrei
 * 9) Drink slowly
 * 10) Avoid drinking games
 * 11) Do not Drive

Treatment
The college counselor's international planning is complicated because of the sociological moderators, psychological diagnoses and environmental mediators (Meilman, Leichliter and Presley, 1999). Adolescents drink differently from older people which means that the treatment is differ from the adults. Treatment for alcohol substance works more faster with older people than with youth. Students treatment is focus in physical, physiological and environmental factors, because adolescence require little interventions. When the interventions become a bigger impact is when students become dependent of alcohol to live.

College often offered programs like psychological counselors whose goals are to to change the behavior and norms of a college student by focusing both on the campuses and on specific groups. Campus counseling are often FREE, depending on the state and university.

Drugs
The drug substances most used by college students are Marijuana, Prescription medications, between others. College students turn to drugs because during the first year of college they go under too much stress, but not only the stress they can also have the potential to use drugs because of course load, curiosity, and peer pressure. College students explore many different things in their next step of their lives in personal and professional terms. It's not uncommon for students to explore many things in their lives, such as drugs experimentation. Another example of this can be because they are surrounded by other college students who uses or are experimenting this types of drugs in their college life.
 * The use of marijuana is inexpensive and may students can obtain it easily. It is really easy that it also can be to obtain a marijuana card for pain or just because students want to use it, and that is not very difficult for college students in order to obtain it. When a college student has already obtain their card, they can borrow it to someone else so they can buy marijuana. College students use marijuana to calm stress, anxiety, or just because other friends use it, but using this drug can have many consequences in the life of students.


 * Symptoms: Some of the symptoms are that it can increase heart rate, it can cause traffic accidents, respiratory issues, between other issues. Respiratory problems with marijuana can cause a big irritation and it can damage the lung. Also, when people are addicted to smoke marijuana can developed a higher risk of lung infections. Marijuana can also affect mental health, long term marijuana use can decrease an individual's memory, when this start affecting individuals brain it can cause a big damage to it because people start losing their memory and they don’t even know what's going on around them.
 * Treatment: The treatment for marijuana used is really similar as other types of drugs. There is no treatment for marijuana, but people can detoxify themselves to get the drug out of their systems. While people detoxify themselves they can have anxiety problems or panic attacks, there are medications for that, but just to calm them while passing that stage. Detox, outpatient drug rehabilitation facilities are available for individuals depending on the specific needs for recovering out of the drug use.
 * Cost of treatment: The treatment of marijuana drug can be expensive for many students, it can range from moderate $837 to extreme $3334 per episode and it can vary by depending how much time it will take for each person to clean their body. Marijuana rehab is available for people that are on a budget and there are also government programs that can help them to access rehabilitation. Also, treatment centers can have scale fees for those who don't have insurance coverage or can't afford the cost of the treatment.
 * Places where marijuana is legal: Even though there are many people that are still against the use of marijuana, states such as California, Alaska, Colorado, Oregon, Washington  just to name a few support this idea. Some of these states legalized where people with medical conditions can make use of it, while in other states the legalization is just for recreational use.  The places where marijuana is just recreation are Alaska, California, Colorado, Oregon, Nevada, Massachusetts, and Washington.  There are people that still don't support this idea, but this is a controversial topic that has been around for a long time.

Prescription Drugs
Prescription medications can be another drug used the most by college students, just like marijuana, prescription drugs are easy to obtain. College students are under so much pressure that sometimes they don’t know what to do, and one of the easiest ways to get rid of it is by consuming prescription drugs. According to the Dual Diagnosis.org when a student start consuming these drugs “ prescription medications” they can be really addicting, but they don't know it. This medications can be addicting even though the person that is using it don't believe so. The use of prescription medication can be something that individuals do not take seriously, but it can can end up damaging many people since they are not following the medication as they should be.

Symptoms
Symptoms of the abuse of prescription medication “Drugs” are overpowering cravings for the drug, tremors, headaches, nausea and vomiting, etc. A person abusing these substance may have different symptoms sucks as: Pupils will be dilated, individual may be depressed, tired, aggressive, and all of these may manifest anxiety, delusions and sleep may be irregular. Also, a person using these substances may appear unnaturally relaxed and drowsy.

Treatment
Treatment for prescription medications began with detox from all the substances in the body. While taking a detox in the body, clients are monitored by professional doctors. After the detox stage, the professional doctors began preparing the client to their next stage of their rehabilitation. People that already did their treatment can take prescription drugs with lower dose of medication just to calm symptoms of chronic pain. Doctors have to keep an eye on those patients that were released from rehab because they can return easily to the use of prescription medications again.

Cost of prescription drugs treatments
Prescription medications “prescription drugs” can be easy to obtain by many people, but there are becoming each time the type of drug most use by college students.The cost of the treatment rage from different prices for example the centers where you can get a 3 month program cost $5,000. Insurance sometimes will cover part of the rehabilitation price, some of the medical insurances that people could use are Medicaid. Medicare,state-financed health insurance and also private insurance that people might have. The cost of the treatment varies depending the type of center, but there are centers where people can get fees in order for them to pay the full session of treatment.

Places where people can have their treatment:
There are many places where individuals can get their treatment for drug use and it can be more cheaper than what they expected to be, of course there are luxury rehabilitation places, but most people try to find the one that is better for them, the place where they know they can get good help and is cheap too. As well as there are expensive places for many people who can pay, there are places for people who can not pay and thus can be rehabilitated too without worrying too much about money.

Age of people that uses this types of drugs
Many start using this drugs before they turn 18 years old, but as soon as people move to their next step on their lives which is college, students began having stress, anxiety, headaches, between other symptoms and they tend to get rid of those problems by using drugs. Drug use is not one of the best solutions for students, but they are under many problems that students think that drugs will help them and will make their problems go away for a while, but after using those drugs the same problems return and that is when they get used to use those type of drugs. In this case Marijuana and prescription medication “prescription drugs.”