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Disproportionate mortality rate of males vs female
The high mortality rate of the influenza pandemic is one of the aspects that sets the pandemic apart from other disease outbreaks. Another aspect is the high mortality rate of men versus woman. Men with an underlying condition such as tuberculosis was a significant risk factor for men in 1918. Tuberculosis was one of the deadliest diseases in the 1900's, and one of the scariest that killed more men than woman. But when the influenza disease spread the amount of tuberculosis cases in men went down. It's been noted by many scholars that men with the underlining condition of TB increased the mortality rate in males and the life expectancy of males went down and would not increase until post epidemic. During the 1900's there were more cases of TB in males than females, but studies show that when the influenza spread the TB mortality rate among females changed. The death rate of TB in females increased significantly and would continue to decline until post pandemic.

Death rates showed more common in the ages of 20-35 year olds. The only similar disease that can compare to the influenza pandemic was the black death, bubonic plague in the 1300's. Like other studies have showed that tuberculosis and influenza had comorbidities and one influenced the other. Because of the ages of male death of the flu shows that TB interacted and because males primarily had this disease at the time of the pandemic, they had a higher mortality rate. Life expectancy dropped in males during the pandemic but then increased two years after the pandemic.

Island of Newfoundland
One of the major cause of the spread of the influenza disease is social behavior. Men had more social variation and were mobile more than women due to labor. Even though there was higher mortality rate in males, each region showed different results. Mainly it depends on the region and nutritional deficiencies. Patterns can be identified, but each region is different and will produce different data. There is no black and white males had higher mortality than females. But in the location such has Newfoundland the pandemic spread heavily on variability. The influenza did not discriminate who to infect, indeed it attacked the socioeconomic status of people. Although social variability allows the disease to move quickly geographically, it's likely to spread faster and attack more males than females due to labor and social contact. Newfoundland's leading cause of death pre pandemic was tuberculosis and this is known to be a severe underlying condition for people and increases the mortality rate when infected by the influenza disease. There was a diverse labor in Newfoundland, men and woman had various occupations that involved day to day interaction. But, fishing excursions was the dominate labor force for their economy and therefor males were more mobile than females and had more contact with other parts of the world during the pandemic. The spread of the pandemic is known to have began in spring of 1918, but Newfoundland didn't see the deadly waive until June or July. Which connects the high demand for employment in fishery. The majority of men were working along the coast during the summer and it was typical for the entire family to move to Newfoundland and work. Because of the high demand of work men were highly mobile. It's important to emphasize of the social work in this area, since this is the likely cause of the spread, and to whom it infected. Studies showed in this area that there was a difference in higher and lower mortality rates in male vs female. But, during the pandemics first, second and third wave the mortality rate numbers shift between males and females. During the first wave men had a higher mortality rate than woman, but females mortality rate increased and was higher during the second and third wave. The female population was bigger in certain regions of Newfoundland and therefore had a bigger impact on the death rate.

Influenza pandemic among Canadian soldiers
Records indicate the deaths during the first wave of the pandemic was young men in their 20s which reflects the age that the men were enlisting in the war. There is a close look at what month the 1918 influenza pandemic likely started and months that it accelerated. Mobility of the young men during 1918 was linked to the spread of the influenza and the biggest wave of the epidemic. In late 1917 and throughout 1918, thousands of male troops gathered at the Halifax port before heading to Europe. Any soldier that was ill and could not deport to Europe was added to the population of Halifax. There were so many men that assembled in Halifax and could not deport to Europe this added to the increase of influenza cases among men during the war. In order to determine the cause of the death during the pandemic and the war scientists had to use the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) that was downloaded and reported under 2 million men and women who died during the wars. This was an important document because it showed records of who died from 1917 to 1918. Because of the war and the movement of soldiers during this time and the transportation from United States and Canada likely had an influx on the spread of the pandemic.