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Plot
Lord of the Flies and begins with two British children named Ralph and Piggy who meet in a jungle, after exchanging greetings they walk to the beach. Following this, they find a shell on the beach and blow it to see if anyone else is on the island to hear it. After, a group of boys come out of the jungle, the main one is Jack. The children vote to see who their leader is and Ralph wins by more votes than Jack. The conch is used to decide who speaks at meetings. In the next meeting some of the younger children talk about a beast that they found in the jungle. After calming the kids down they decide to make a signal fire to try and save themselves using Piggy's glasses. They also decide to build huts together but when it comes to the actual building only Simon, Ralph, and Piggy are the only ones building. At this point the children have a routine. Also, Jack is obsessed with killing a big so much he forgets to keep the signal fire up. A ship passes by but they don't see the island because there is no signal fire. Ralph begins to complain about no one doing anything at meetings and the younger children begin to complain about a beast they saw again. Airplanes begin to fight above the island and a dead parachutist falls into some trees that are blowing back and forth. The moving trees make the body look like it's moving in the shadow made by the signal fire. The twins Sam and Eric notice this as they're watching the fire. They go back to the group of children and tell them; they decide enough is enough so they go search for the beast to kill it. On their way to find the beast they fight a boar in the jungle and scare it off. The children play around by picking on of them up and beating them up pretending he's a boar, but they go to far and almost kill him. Jack leaves the group and invite some of the others to join him which they do. They eventually kill a sow and put it's head on a stick placing it in a big open area. The kids name the pig the lord of the flies because it attracts a bunch of flies. The children eventually all join Jack except Ralph, Simon, Piggy, Sam, and Eric. Simon goes to the place he used to go to get away but it turns out that's where jack put the lord of the flies. Encountering the bloody, fly-covered head, Simon has a terrible vision, during which it seems to him that the head is speaking. The voice, which he imagines as belonging to the Lord of the Flies, says that Simon will never escape him, for he exists within all men. Simon faints. When he wakes up, he goes to the mountain, where he sees the dead parachutist. Understanding then that the beast does not exist externally but rather within each individual boy, Simon travels to the beach to tell the others what he has seen. But the others are in the midst of a chaotic revelry—even Ralph and Piggy have joined Jack’s feast—and when they see Simon's shadowy figure emerge from the jungle, they fall upon him and kill him with their bare hands and teeth. Jack and his group then attack Ralph's to take Piggy's glasses and with it the ability to make fire. When confronted with Simon's death Jack says it needed to happen and he doesn't care. Ralph’s group travels to Jack’s stronghold in an attempt to make Jack see reason, but Jack orders Sam and Eric tied up and fights with Ralph. In the ensuing battle, one boy, Roger, rolls a boulder down the mountain, killing Piggy and shattering the conch shell. Ralph barely manages to escape a torrent of spears. Ralph hides for the rest of the night and the following day, while the others hunt him like an animal. Jack has the other boys ignite the forest in order to smoke Ralph out of his hiding place. Ralph stays in the forest, where he discovers and destroys the sow’s head, but eventually, he is forced out onto the beach, where he knows the other boys will soon arrive to kill him. Ralph collapses in exhaustion, but when he looks up, he sees a British naval officer standing over him. The officer’s ship noticed the fire raging in the jungle. The other boys reach the beach and stop in their tracks at the sight of the officer. Amazed at the spectacle of this group of bloodthirsty, savage children, the officer asks Ralph to explain. Ralph is overwhelmed by the knowledge that he is safe but, thinking about what has happened on the island, he begins to weep. The other boys begin to sob as well. The officer turns his back so that the boys may regain their composure.

Major themes
Critics have noted that Lord of the Flies is an example of how monstrous humans can be. Reviewers believed that Golding implies a radical less optimistic view of human nature. Critics agree it shows the "conflict between civilization and savagery.

Background
Afaf Ahmed Hasan Al-Saudu explains one of Golding's inspirations for the book when he says, "William Golding's first-hand experience of battle-line action during World War II 'was to shock him into questioning the horror of war. These experiences inform his writing; he was appalled at what human beings can do to one another, in terms of the wartime atrocities... and their being innately evil." Author, Michael Grosvenor Myer, believes Lord of the Flies is based of The Coral Island.

Reception
According to Andrew Stufford, Lord of the Flies was, "...Golding's most brilliant book." Book reviewer, Michael Dirda, said, Lord of the Flies was "great and greatly disturbing."

Awards and nominations
Golding won the 1983 Nobel Prize for literature.

Adaptations
Barrington Stage Company casted a 2012 play of Lord of the Flies. Michael McMahon wrote an adaptation of the Lord of the Flies called The end of innocence.