User:Lililemon/sandbox

Early and academic life[edit]
Ogata was born on 16 September 1927 to a career diplomat father Toyoichi Nakamura, who was the Japanese ambassador to Finland. Her mother was a daughter of Foreign Minister Kenkichi Yoshizawa and granddaughter of Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi, who was assassinated when Sadako was four years old.

She attended the Catlin Gabel School, class of 1946, and graduated from the University of the Sacred Heart with a bachelor's degree in English Literature. She then studied at Georgetown University and its Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, earning a master's degree in International Relations.

Needs to be deleted. It was not common for a Japanese woman to study abroad at that time.

old: no changes She wanted to study the reason why Japan caused a reckless aggression war. She was awarded a PhD in Political Science from the University of California, Berkeley in 1963, after she completed a dissertation on the politics behind the foundation of Manchukuo. The study analyzed the causes of the Japanese invasion to China. In 1965, she became Lecturer at International Christian University. After 1980, she taught international politics at Sophia University as Professor and later became Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Studies until her departure to join the UNHCR in 1991.

United Nations / United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees[edit]
Ogata was appointed to Japan's UN mission in 1968, on the recommendation of Fusae Ichikawa, a member of the House of Councillors of Japan and an activist who thought highly of Ogata. She represented Japan at several sessions of the UN General Assembly in 1970. In addition, she served from 1978 to 79 as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary for the permanent mission of Japan to the UN, and as Chair of the UNICEF Executive Board.

In 1990, she was appointed to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

new She was the first woman to be appointed as a head of UNHCR.

old She left Sophia University, and started her new position at UNHCR. The presumed term at UNHCR was only three years, the remaining term of the abruptly left predecessor. After arrival at the post in 1991, however, her leadership led to a much longer term ending in 2001. She implemented effective strategies and helped countless refugees escape from despair, including Kurdish refugees after the Gulf War, refugees in the Yugoslav Wars, refugees in the Rwandan genocide, Afghan refugees including victims of Cold War. In the face of Kurdish refugees at the border between Turkey and Iraq, Ogata expanded the mandate of UNHCR to include the protection of internally displaced persons (IDPs). She was a practical leader who deployed military forces in the humanitarian operations, for example at the siege of Sarajevo, the Airlift Operations in cooperation with some European air forces during the Bosnian War. During the period, the budget and the staff in UNHCR had more than doubled.

In 2001, she became co-chairperson of UN Human Security Commission.