User:Limkahfei

Microcomputer

During the late 1980s and 1990s, it became economical to move an increasing number of peripheral functions onto the motherboard. In the late a980s, motherboard began to include single ICs (called super I/O chips) capable of supporting a set of low-speed peripherals.

Motherboard

Motherboards are also used in many other electronics devices such as mobile phones, stop-watcher, clocks and other small electron devices.

Processer (central processing unit CPU)

Processer is an electronic circuit that can execute computer programs

This term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s.

The 1st microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s. Using for electronic calculators, binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic on 4-bit words. 8-bit microcomputer such as terminals, printer, various kinds of automation 1971s the 1st microprocessor, Intel’s 4004 the Texas instruments (TI) TMS1000 and Garrett AiResearch’s central Air Data Computer (CADC), it cost in the thousands of dollars.

1990s 64-bits microprocessor designs. Early 2000s saw the introduction of 64-bit microchips targeted at the PC market. With AMD’s introduction of the 64-bit architecture backwards-compatible with x86(nw called AMD64). Sep 2003, called IA-32e or EM64T, later renamed intel64.

Memory (storage)

Computer data storage called storage or memory. It refers to recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time. Memory usually refers to a form of semiconductor storage (both volatile and non volatile forms) known as RAM (random-access memory) and sometimes other forms of fast but temporary storage.

Primary storage is the only one directly accessible to the CPU. It is temporary storage.

Secondary storage is not directly accessible by the CPU. It does not lose the data when device is powered down or powered off (it is non-volatile). Tertiary storage or tertiary memory provides a third level of storage. It involves a robotic mechanism (large quantities of individual magnetic tapes and high-capacity) which will mount (insert) and dismount removable mass storage media into a storage device according the system’s demands; this data is often copied to secondary storage before use.

Off-line storage also known as disconnected storage, is computer data storage on medium or a device that is not under the control of a processing unit. It is used to transfer information, since the detached medium can be easily physically transported. It also increases general information security (the data confidentiality or integrity cannot be affected by computer-based attack techniques.)

Input and output device

Input device is any peripheral used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system.

Output device is any piece of computer equipment (computer hardware equipment) used to communicate the results of data processing.