User:Lindseybean27/Wilderness therapy/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

'''Dobud, Will. Magnuson, Doug. Harper, Nevin J (2021). A closer look at involuntary treatment and the use of transport service in outdoor behavioral healthcare (wilderness therapy).'''

Dobud’s scholarly article covering the impacts of involuntary treatment and transport has on the mental health of children and teens in wilderness therapy, or outdoor behavioral healthcare (OBH). There are ethical and logical concerns raised which Dobud found worthy of examining, as questionable claims arose from OBH studies that being transported had no significant bearing on client treatment outcomes. The article shows that Dobud’s findings heavily contrasted from these claims, as a crosstab graph on page 10 shows a significant difference in overall experience between clients that had been involuntarily transported to the OBH location and those who had not. The Key resource for the Wikipedia page, Dobud’s article is cited six times throughout the Wiki article. It is cited in the intro as the source for the definition, the section on effectiveness, citing that there are few successes, as well the same sentiments three times in the consent section and again in the closing statements. It is consistently noted that these failures to succeed in the program and return home, often leading to transferrals, is greatly contrasted by the company's boasts of success stories. I believe that this source is applied and cited correctly and accurately, but that the scholarly article has much more content to offer in contributing to the Wikipedia page on wilderness therapy and outdoor behavioral programs. For example, the numerous statistics present in Dobud’s testimony (one of which previously mentioned) are not present nor cited in the Wikipedia article at all.

'''Szalavitz, Maia (2023). The Troubled Teen Industry Offers Trauma, Not Therapy. Opinion. The New York Times.'''

Maia Szalavitz, a contributing Opinion writer for the New York Times, shares an outlook on Wilderness Therapy and the Troubled Teen Industry backed by first person accounts. She uses the experiences of Liz Ianelli, who was sent by her parents in 1994 at age 15 to one such facility and faced irreparable trauma. Ianelli described inhumane abuse uncommon even when dealing with prisoners, including that she was raped by a staff member and left bound in a blanket with duct tape for eight days for “lying” about it. Today, Ianelli is an outspoken activist, and author of the memoir “I See You, Survivor”, detailing her struggles and the things she’s overcome. Ianelli’s story is just one of an ongoing list of traumatic and life changing experiences from children in wilderness therapy camps and boarding schools. Paris Hilton is another victim of these institutions, and in recent years has been lobbying for legislation to put an end to the systemic abuse. Therapeutic or Correctional Boarding Schools and Wilderness Therapy Camps serve a similar purpose to Residential Psychiatric facilities, however they’re rarely regulated sufficiently as few states have any laws policing such programs. The government doesn’t even track how many youths are held in troubled teen programs, though advocates estimate that at least one hundred thousand teens are held in the troubled teen industry annually. The article goes on to elaborate that hundreds of children have died in the care of these facilities, court cases have ensued, and parents have made testimonies to Congress over the turmoil of these children’s experiences.

'''Rattigan, Will (2023). “Opinion: Wilderness Therapy Changed My Life. Here’s Why It Still Needs To Change”. The Salt Lake Tribune.'''

Will Rattigan, who was sent to a wilderness therapy program in North Carolina in 2013, contributes to the Salt Lake Tribune with the unique perspective of one who has both attended wilderness therapy treatment as a teen, and still believes in the potential the future of the practice can hold (when well regulated). He acknowledges the historical abuse and malpractice that has made wilderness therapy an infamous practice over recent years, and he makes no denials nor excuses for the mishandling of already vulnerable youth, many of whom are placed in such programs due to adverse mental health conditions. Rattigan, personally, benefitted from his experinces at a wilderness therapy center, becoming so inspired as to wish to be part of the good in the industry and working for a wilderness therapy group himself in Utah. He places an emphasis on the wonders that a natural environment can do for mental health and addiction, but that instances of abuse will only further confuse and alienate patients who were admitted in need of help. The program Rattigan attended helped him get sober and drove him to want to help others, proof that there are instances where wilderness therapy treatment has left guests better off than they came. With all of his experiences and the stories he’s heard from others, he’s come to the conclusion that, for all of it’s potential, the wilderness therapy industry needs to undergo significant changes in order to continue its existence.

Outline of proposed changes
Click on the edit button to draft your outline.