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The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Class 10 Notes Social Science History Chapter 1
Nation (State):

A large number of people of mainly common descent, language, history, inhabiting a territory bounded by defined limits and forming a society under one government is called a nation.

Frederic Sorrieu and his visualization:

In 1848, Frederic Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints, visualizing his dream of a world made up of ‘democratic and social republics’, as he called them.


 * 1) The first print shows the people of Europe and America marching in a long train, and offering homage to the Statue of Liberty as they pass by it. A female figure carries a torch of enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of the Rights of Man, in the other hand.
 * 2) On the earth lies the shattered remains of the symbols of absolutist institutions.
 * 3) In Sorrieu’s Utopian vision, the people of the world are grouped as distinct nations, identified through their flags and national costumes.
 * 4) Leading the procession are USA and Switzerland, followed by France and Germany. Following Germany are Austria, Kingdom of the two Sicilies, Lombardy, Poland, England, Ireland, Hungary and Russia.
 * 5) From the heavens above, Christ, saints and angels gaze at the scene. The artist symbolizes fraternity among the nations of the world.

The French Revolution and the idea of Nation:


 * 1) Growth of nationalism in France.
 * 2) Introduction of various measures and practices created sense of collective identity among the people of France.
 * 3) Change of monarchy and establishment of republic, creation of new assembly.
 * 4) Rise of Napoleon and his reforms. Revolutionaries help other people of Europe to become nation.