User:Loeydodge/Water stagnation

Environmental Water Stagnation
Water stagnation can occur environmentally due to human interference, or natural causes that remove the inflow or outflow of a water body. Creation of impoundments and reservoirs that occur when damming rivers and streams creates new stagnant water bodies with characteristics unique to the longitudinal profile of the landscape. Water stagnation via human interference can also occur in areas of construction where landscape modification occurs. Changes in landscape can induce flooding and pooling of water in areas of low altitude. Natural causes of water stagnation include glacial runoff, evaporation, and seasonal changes. These factors can cause stagnation in the form of surface water or ground water.

Industrial Water Stagnation
Water stagnation can occur industrially through an increased residence time of water in pipes at times when the water is not flowing. Stagnation of water within the network of pipes underlying infrastructure can be dangerous, as increases in stagnation time corresponds with increases in microbial communities. Industrial water stagnation can also lead to an increase in heavy metal concentrations corresponding to the material of the pipes the water resides in.