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The Academia Nacional de Ciencias (ANC, Spanish for "National Academy of Sciences") is Costa Rica's Academy of Sciences. The ANC was created as a “permanent forum for discussion and scientific analysis,” and serves both as an honorific society as well as a source of scientific advice for the federal government. It has a mandate to promote scientific culture and progress within Costa Rica, and to foster collaboration between national and international agencies. The ANC maintains membership in international organizations such as the International Council for Science, the InterAmerican Network of Academies of Sciences and the Third World Network. Headquarters of the ANC are in San Pedro, in the province of San José.

Mission
The ANC has several key missions:

1) Promoting the distribution of scientific knowledge within the general public. For example, the ANC holds monthly conferences for Costa Rican professors to present their work to anyone who wishes to attend.

2) Promoting careers in science, for instance by sponsoring fieldtrips for young people to visit places like the Ad Astra Rocket Company and the National Laboratory of Materials and Structural Models at the University of Costa Rica.

3) Maintaining connections with Costa Ricans working abroad – in part this is carried out through “La red TICOTAL,” a program run by the ANC that creates a network of Costa Rican researchers working domestically and internationally in order to promote opportunities for collaboration.

4) Serving as a scientific advisor to the Costa Rican government. When the government has a specific science-related question, the Academy reaches out to members who are experts on the topic and prepares a formal opinion for the government´s consideration.   Recent topics have included the legalization of  in-vitro fertilization and the legalization of cannabis.

History
With the creation of the University of Costa Rica in 1940 and the construction of the first research laboratories in the 1950s, Costa Ricans began the process of carrying out original and independent research within the country. In the 1980s, as the research community was becoming more established, a sense of restlessness was present among researchers to create a central forum for the exchange of ideas and scientific discussions. The creation of the Ministry of Science and Technology in 1986 further fed this reslessness, and in 1990, Law 7169 was passed, "Law for the Promotion of Scientific and Technological Development". In Article 66 of this law, it was established that "with the resources created in this law, the es:Consejo Nacional para Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas(CONICIT) and the Ministry of Science and Technology will both promote the establishment and contribute to the development... of a National Academy of Sciences." The ANC was created with 26 founding members on June 26, 1992, via an executive order. In 1994, the ANC was presented with its official headquarters in San Pedro, a building called the "National House of Science and Technology". The legislative assembly confirmed the creation of the academy in 1995.

Members
New members of the ANC are elected annually by current members, based on their distinguished achievements in original research. This is measured through metrics such as journal publications in prestigious journals and willingness to explore new frontiers of research.

Some distinguished members include Franklin Chang-Diaz, an astronaut who currently is developing plasma rocket propulsion technology for NASA, Sandra Cauffman, Deputy Director of the Earth Sciences Division within the Science Mission Directorate at NASA, and Giselle Tamayo, president of CONICIT.