User:Luhizi/Pesticide Residue workspace

Pre-Existing Structure of Wiki Stub:
Intro: (brief)

Pesticide residue stipulations by country:

European Union New Zealand United Kingdom United States

Introduction:

 * Update explanation of pesticide residue
 * ways people come in contact with it.
 * Why pesticide use is important and what are some of the concerns with coming to contact with its residues.
 * Some of the common residues found

Pesticide residue by country

 * Keep information on different regulations.
 * Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) set by the EU
 * MRL in New Zealand
 * MRL in UK
 * MRL in the US

Assessment methods

 * Difficulties with assessment
 * Differences in periods and levels of exposure.
 * Types of pesticides used
 * environment pesticides are used in i.e weather, landscape


 * Tissue residue approach
 * used to infer mechanisms of toxic action
 * Evaluate toxicity of mixtures
 * limitiations


 * The four step process for human health risk assessment used by the EPA
 * Hazard Identification
 * Dose-Response Assessment
 * Exposure Assessment
 * Risk Characterization

Pesticide residue and impact on health:

 * Effects of pesticide depend on
 * Txicity of the pesticide
 * measures taken during application
 * Dosage applied
 * Weather conditions
 * Duration of persistence in the environment
 * transformation into other compounds


 * Occupational Hazard
 * close contact with concentrated pesticides
 * methods of applying pesticide


 * Contact through food and water
 * Via leaching into soil
 * spray drift


 * Non-intentional chemical substances
 * reaction of chlorine with organic compounds to form “unintended” chemicals
 * organothiphsophate pesticides and increase of choline-esterase inhibitory activity.
 * chlorophenols
 * Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons


 * Implications in cancer.


 * Implications in neurological disease.