User:M.Israr ul Haq Turk

DISCRIPTION

I am Living in Mansehra since my childhood.Now  a days i am living in Islamabad. i am doing job in well reputed Telecom company from last 7 years.I am very Joyful Person I ever went to Live Happily and to Make People Happy.

INTERESTS I like Reading Historical books,Religious Books,Newspapers. I like to play different games like Cricket,Football, Badminton.I also have interests in Politics. I also like to Visit Different places where Nature Seems too close.

I proud to be MuSLim,Turk and Pakistani.Pakistan is such a Wonderful Country.I read many Historical books in which I came to know about History of Pakistan Like different Battles, Wars, relations of Pakistan with other Nations and Countries and Political Misshapes.I want to share some of them. It is about Turks in Pakistan Some confuse the name of Hazara with the Hazara people that originated in Afghanistan (Hazarajat), claiming that the Hazara came with Timur after his invasion to India. But actual history brings the traces of this name back to Amir Timur[citation needed] who conquered the area and landed an army of thousand (hazar) [citation needed]at the borders as one of his strategy after conquering, the plain of Haripur up to Hasanabdal and Taxila under Karluke tribe of Turks (Muhammad Irshad Khan of Haripur has written (three volumes published in 1976), the History of Hazara Region being part of the State of Pikhlee). The Pikhlee of Hazara Karluke expanded from Taxila Hasanabdal to Mansehra. The area was named as Hazara Karluke and the latter part of the name was dropped. During the British reign, the Gazeteer has quoted the history of the name of Hazara Karluke. Later on the conqueror Hari Singh Nalwa renamed this Hazara Karluke as Haripur. The whole region was not called Hazara until the British rule made it as a district naming it as Hazara. Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 13, p. 76: "The origin of the name Hazāra is obscure. It has been identified with Abisāra, the country of Abisares, the chief of the Indian mountaineers at the time of Alexander's invasion. Dr. Stein regards it as derived from Urasā, the ancient name of Pakhli. Another possible derivation is from Hazara-i-Karlugh, or the Karlugh legion, which was settled in this tract by Timur after his invasion of India."[1] In spite of Imperial Gazetteer's above-quoted views, modern historians and distinguished Indologists including Dr H. C. Raychaudhury, Dr B. N. Mukerjee, Dr B. C. Law, Dr J. C. Vidyalankar, Dr M. Witzel, Dr M. R. Singh and Prof K. N. Dhar concur with Dr Stein's identification of modern Hazara with the ancient Sanskrit name Urasa [2]. Evidence from 7th c Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang [3] combined with earlier evidence from Mahabharata [4] attests that Poonch and Hazara District of Kashmir had formed parts of epic Kamboja and that the Kamboja rulers of this region observed republican system of government.

HISTORY OF KARLUGH TURK IN PAKISTAN

ARRIVAL Establishment of Pakhli Sarkar Tha Karlugh Turk,having a central Asian orging,became the ruling class of (Hazara Division) and maintain this until the 18 th century (1703). Thay formed a Turki Shahi state with the arrivel of Sultan-ud Din from (Kabul) who established his rule in the entire(Hazara Division Pakhli) region.This state came to be knoen as (Pakhil)Sarkar with Guli Bagh as its capital.Locals always called them Rajs,but thay contiued to use the title of Sultan till end of their rule in Hazara.however ,later on.when their rule came to an end thay assumed the titleof ”Raja” a name given to ti their anscestors by the locals.However ,samall population of Turks retained “”usmani”and “khan”with their name. DECLINE AND FULL OF KARLUGH TURK The last Karlugh Turk ruler of Pakhli Sarkar was Sultan Mehmud Khurd. One of his brothers, Sultan Qyas-ud-din, was Wali-e-Tanawal (Lower), and the Wali-e-Tanawal (Upper) was Sultan Sahwaj. His brother Sultan Muqarrab was Wali-e-Dhamtor, i.e. Rush areas of present Abbottabad. Pakhli Sarkar had two other important governorships. One in the areas between Battagram and Thakot ruled by Shamsher Khan and other of Kashmir governed by Sultan Kamal. Both of these governors were close relatives of Turk rulers of Pakhli Sarkar. At that time Kashmir was part of Hazara (Pakhli Sarkar). The introduction of Sikh rule into Hazara, commenced after 1818. In this year Hashim Khan, Turk, of Manakrai, murdered his fellow-chieftain, Kamal Khan (Karlugh). The latter’s cause was espoused by the Tarin chief, Muhammad Khan, and to save himself Hashim Khan betrayed his country to the Sikhs. At his invitation Makhan Singh, the Sikh Governor of Rawalpindi, invaded Hazara with 500 sowars, built a fort at Serai Saleh, and levied tribute from the Haripur plain. Karlugh Turk in Kashmir After the loss of Pakhli state in 1703 and after 1872 settlement, nearly half of the Turk population migrated to nearby Hazara and Kashmir regions. In Azad Kashmir these migrated Turk clans are living in different villages like in Muzaffarabad they are present in Bararkot, Bheri, Lambian Pattian, Shawai, Chanjal(Pathika), Madar, Kahori, Gari Dupatta, Sanweyari, Chinari, Karnah(leepa valley) and in Muzaffarabad town. In Azad Kashmir Turks had made a non-political organisation namely “Turk Welfare Association (Reg: Azad Kashmir on May 2, 1984)”. The milestone of this organisation was laid by Raja Muhammad Yousaf Khan Turk, Fazal-ur-Rehman Khan Turk, Professor Muhammad Afsar Usmani, Raja Ayub khan Turk, Marshal Muhammad Latif Khan Turk and other elders of Turk clans from different areas in 1983. In this very first meeting, Turks from Hazara also joined and Raja Ammanullah Khan (former speaker NWFP Assembly) and Raja Muhammad Irshad Khan (author Treekh-e-Hazara) actively participated. The rks of Azad Kashmir are Hindko speaking. Karlugh Turk Settlements The descendants of the Karlugh Turks continue to live in the Hazara area of Pakistan and Azad Kashmir, mostly in the mountainous regions. They had continued to maintain a very secluded and exclusive lifestyle until the late 19th and early 20th century. According to the ”’Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 13, p. 79”’, published in 1909, some 2000 persons returned themselves as Turks, descendants of the Turkomans who came with Timur in 1391. It is more probable, given the fact that most Turk villages were in the inaccessible mountainous regions at the time of 1901 census, that the actual number could be as high as around 10,000. Currently, some of the main Karlugh Turkish villages in Hazara Division are Manakrai and Bayan in Haripur District, Behali and Mohar in Mansehra District and RichhBehn in Abbottabad District and on the monutains between Pakistan and AJK along with Neelum Valley up to Patika.