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Art of the Crusades Article Notes & Possible Changes
Art of the Crusades

Sources Used:


 * Art and Colonialism: The Mosaics of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem (1169) and the Problem of "Crusader" Art
 * Icon Painting in the Crusader Kingdom
 * Crusader art : the art of the Crusaders in the Holy Land, 1099-1291
 * The glory of Byzantium
 * Jerusalem, every people under heaven---> either from the library or from Ellen

Changes to Article (Existing)

 * Separate "Painting" section into Painting and "Illuminated Manuscripts" (Done)


 * Change/Add info in the intro in order to have it make more sense, flow better and use more sources.
 * Add info about panel painting maybe?
 * GET RID OF ZEBRA GIRAFFE
 * Reorganize the article in general because it is way out of order.
 * Move the picture of the Melisende Psalter to the Illuminated Manuscript Section
 * Possibly change the order of the photos or add more
 * Possibly explain what panel paintings are

Additions to Article (New)
A fresco is a type of mural that was painted on a freshly plastered wall. An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript that has some painted design on it whether it be a small picture or a border or even just initials. A mosaic is a type of art that uses of glass shards, tiles or small pebbles in order to create a picture. Panel paintings are paintings that were on a flat piece of wood.

Illuminated Manuscripts section:
(try to put pictures of as many of the manuscripts discussed as possible)

Many of the manuscripts that are crusader style manuscripts were commissioned by King Louis IX, especially in the city of Acre. Crusader art 108 An example of an illuminated manuscript that was commissioned by King Louis IX and is a result of crusader art is the frontispiece of Proverbs 1 in the Arsenal Bible.crusader art 107 This manuscript shows Solomon wearing the traditional insignia and clothing of a Byzantine emperor. This illumination is a mixture of the Gothic and Franco-Byzantine Crusader styles, and also showcases French architecture.crusader art 107 More manuscripts done in a similar style to the Arsenal Bible include a few Missals, and a Psalter.crusader art 108

Background:
Crusader Art is mainly viewed as a mixture of western ad eastern art traditions which is due primarily to many different backgrounds of the artists (69-70). It is commonly viewed that manuscripts and icons were made by Western artists attempting to copy Byzantine art (71).

Background:
Typically Crusader Art falls into two categories; the artist creates art in their native style and ignore their new surroundings, or they try to copy the Byzantine style that their nationality is almost indiscernible (52).

Melisende Manuscript:
The Psalter was commissioned by Queen Melisende of Jerusalem between 1131 and 1143 and contains many miniatures.(54)

Other Manuscripts:
There was a scriptorium in Acre which produced many well known manuscripts such as Missals and Arsenal bibles.(56) Another example of Crusader Art manuscripts would be the Last Judgement miniatures from an eleventh century Gospel book and similar Last Judgement miniatures in an Armenian Gospel book painted by T'oros Roslin in 1262. (59)

Frescoes and Mosaics:
An example of a Crusader Art Fresco would be the Last Judgement fresco in Vladimir which has been dated to the end of the twelfth century.(57) A very well known Crusader Art mosaic is the Torcello mosaic of the thirteenth century. (58) Another example of some Crusader Art frescoes are the frescoes at Lagoudhera on the island of Cyprus. (60)

Panel Paintings:
NOTE: MAKE SURE TO LINK THE WIKI PAGE FOR PANEL PAINTING IN THE ARTICLE.

Some examples of panel paintings would include the panels containing busts of John the Baptist and Saint Andrew, which has a face that is so detailed with highlights and sharp lines that it seems almost ornamental when compared to other examples of Crusader Art. (62) Another example would be the diptych of King Andrew the Third of Hungary. (62) A painting with many examples of Crusader Art would be an iconostasis beam that contains: Virgin of the Crucifixion, the Pentecost and Birth of Christ combined with the Adoration of the Magi. (62-63)