User:Madalibi/History of cybernetics

Norbert Wiener
Norbert Wiener (1894–1964), professor of mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, launched the term "cybernetics" in his book Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (1948).

Second wave
In 1970, Heinz von Forster invented the term "second-order cybernetics" to refer to cybernetic systems in which the observer played a role in feedback mechanisms. "Cybernetics of cybernetics"...