User:Makise2333/Fourth-wave feminism

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History and definition

Fourth-wave feminism (2011-Now)

The Fourth-wave feminism is a feminism movement that emerged around 2011, the Fourth-wave feminism focus on Social media activism (e.g., #MeToo movement), also increased focus on intersectionality. Social media characterize Fourth-wave feminism to combat sexual harassment, violence against women, and rape culture, most notably the Me Too movement. It has experienced a transformation from politics to economy, society, and culture. The Fourth-wave feminism and social media campaigns have spawned a "call-out" culture where sexism and misogyny may be exposed and confronted. Call on all women who have been sexually assaulted to come forward and tell their experience and to attach tags to social media posts to arouse social attention. The Fourth-wave feminism is also defined as capable of overcoming gender and sex binarisms and focusing on acknowledging varied identities and corporations rather than gender and sex binarisms. The fourth wave's political potential is centered on providing voice to those women who are still marginalized by the mainstream.

The Characteristics of the Fourth-wave feminism

The fourth wave of feminism differs from the preceding three female movements (First-wave feminism- Third-wave feminism) in several ways. First of all, social media has become the primary communication and coordination tool for the movement in this digital age. Social media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, and Tumblr, have played an essential role in Fourth-wave feminism. As a result, fourth-wave feminism is dominated by the younger generation mostly (Genre-Z). Fourth-wave feminism is developed into two primary forms: An online campaign or a mixture of online and offline campaigns. The social and political transformations that the new feminism is heir to set it apart from its forerunners. Consider education: young women, and thus young feminists, are the most educated of any previous wave, and as education has expanded to include students from all social classes, feminism has become both more socially diverse and more inclusive. New feminists are more democratic, having inclusive attitudes concerning race and ethnicity. Their movements embrace fights outside of women's rights, such as supporting LGBTQ and other identity movements and being explicitly committed to anti-racist, egalitarian practices and politics.

Intersectionality

Participants are more diverse in gender identity and include many marginalized social groups, such as people with disabilities, Women of color, LGBT, Transgender non-binary individuals. People with disabilities are 3.5 times more likely to be sexually assaulted than people without disabilities and thus have an especially urgent need for empowerment (Harrell 2017). Black feminists have advocated for an intersectional approach to feminist concerns since the 1970s and 1980s. Third-wave feminism adopted Intersectionality, which is now a foundation of contemporary, or fourth-wave, feminism. Scholar Zimmerman suggests that, Rather than coalitions formed solely based on a binary, Fourth-wave feminists are motivated by sex and gender. include a more diverse, intersectional set of people of various genders and sexual orientations striving to dismantle patriarchy on a structural level, Toxic masculinity, privilege, and the system. The fourth wave continues to be more committed to intersectional politics. Gender analysis is still very much a part of today's political movements centered on anti-racism, decolonialism, and anti-capitalism.The potential for theory, politics, and pleasure will only grow as fourth-wave feminists continue to chip away at the gender binary. Concerning Intersectionality, the fourth wave of feminism also received criticism. A criticism opinion suggests that social media platforms, which have increasingly become capitalist and consumerist environments, feminist topics might get oversimplified or distorted. On the other hand, activists take a more nuanced approach to feminist issues. Gender activism today draws on previous feminist organizing by introducing new methods of thinking about gender and intersectional oppression.

Social media - The #MeToo movement

The #Metoo movement is a massive global feminist social movement launched in the context of the fourth wave of feminist movements. #Metoo Movement is different from the previous anti-sexual assault movement, it is a feminist movement originating from the social media. #MeToo movement focuses on the issue of sexual harassment. The New York Times published allegations of sexual assault against Weinstein, a Golden Globe-winning Hollywood producer, on October 5, 2017. The Me Too movement burst a week later, and by 2018, it had swept the globe. The social media-based campaign attempts to raise awareness about the prevalence of sexual harassment. The "MeToo" movement has taught the world that sexual harassment and sexual assault are widespread in our culture and that millions of women are victims. However, the movement has shown that the very prevalent sexual behaviorat the basis of sexual harassment accusations is serious and destructive behavior that must be addressed rather than ignored.

Around the world

- In developing countries

Fourth-wave feminism is promoting the women's movement into the developing world. The early women's movement mainly took place in Western countries and developed countries, while the fourth wave movement gradually moved from western developed countries to developing countries, For Example:India. In September 2018, India have sparked a wave of mass protests. The allegations of sexual assault by an Indian actress propelled the #Me Too movement in entertainment and media, which expanded to politics issues later on in October. Allegations of sexual harassment have emerged in Kenya of women breastfeeding in hospitals. Honor killings of women in individual Islamic countries have drawn international condemnation. For the first time in the history of the feminist movement, the influence went beyond the western and developed countries and formed a global trend in developing countries.

- #Me too movement in China

In 2018, Xianzi sued zhu Jun, a well-known CCTV broadcaster, accusing him of sexually harassing her in 2014, while she worked at CCTV as an Intern. During the trial, Xianzi became the face of China's #MeToo movement after going public with her experience, and dozens of other women began to recount stories of past harassment or assault. According to the Associated Press, activists had had their online postings banned and faced pressure from authorities when they attempted to organize protests since then. Still, Xianzi has persisted in speaking out. In China, social media has given feminists greater opportunities to be heard, but it hasn't protected feminist action from government meddling and crackdowns. Grassroots feminism in China has always struggled to gain legitimacy due to its separation from state-sanctioned channels.