User:Marc Lacoste/sandbox/A330neo

The Airbus A330neo ("neo" for "New Engine Option") is a wide-body jet airliner currently under development by Airbus from the Airbus A330 (now A330ceo - "Current Engine Option"). A new version with modern engines developed for the Boeing 787 was called for by owners of the current A330. It was launched on 14 July 2014 at the Farnborough Airshow, promising 14% better Fuel economy per seat. It will use exclusively the larger Rolls-Royce Trent 7000. Its two versions are based on the A330-200 and -300 : the -800 should cover 7500 nm (13,900 km) with 257 passengers while the -900 should cover 6550 nm (12,130 km) with 287 passengers. The -900 should be introduced at the end of 2017.

Studies
At the Boeing 787 launch in 2004, Airbus' response was at first an improved A330, but after negative feeback from airlines and lessors the A350 XWB became a new design in 2006. After the A320neo launch in December 2010 and its commercial success, Air Asia's boss Tony Fernandes said he would like Airbus to re-engine the A330. New engines like the GEnx or Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 developed for the 787 could offer a 12%-15% fuel burn improvement, and sharklets at least 2%.

An A330neo would accelerate the demise of the A350-800, close in size. AirAsiaX ordered 25 A330 aircraft in December 2013. Airbus is also considering re-engining the A380, but is wary of having two major modification programs simultaneously.

In March 2014 Delta Air Lines was interested by it to replace its Boeing 767-300ER. Airbus sales chief John Leahy's argument is that the lower purchase price of an A330 even without new engines make the economics of buying an A330 competitive at midrange routes with that of the Boeing 787.

In the 250-300-seat market, CIT Group believes an A330neo enables profitability on shorter ranges where the longer-range A350 and Boeing 787 aren't optimized. Steve Mason, CIT vice president for aircraft analysis, said “The A350-800 is not as efficient as they'd like”. Steven Udvar-Hazy, chairman and CEO of Air Lease Corp., said “We don't believe it is rational for us to take the A350-800 and the A330neo [...] I don't see the A350-800 surviving if they do the A330neo”.

AirAsiaX flights to London and Paris from Kuala Lumpur were scrapped in 2012 since Airbus A340 weren't fuel efficient enough ; AirAsiaX will try again with A330s. As Airbus gradually increases output of the new A350, prolonging the production run of the A330 could help to maintain profitability. As Emirates cancelled 70 orders for the A350, Airbus said it continued to work on re-engining the smaller A330.

Launch
On 14 July 2014 at the Farnborough Airshow, Airbus launched the A330neo programme, to be powered by the new Rolls-Royce Trent 7000. It will improve the fuel burn per seat by 14%, Airbus hopes to sell 1,000 A330neo aircraft. Its range will increase by 400 nmi and although 95% of the parts will be common with the A330ceo, maintenance costs will be lower. New 3.7 metres wider A350 XWB styled winglets, still within ICAO category E airport requirements, and new engine pylons will improve aerodynamics by 4%.

Its development costs will have an impact of around -0.7% on Airbus Return on Sales target from 2015 to 2017. Airbus thinks lower capital cost makes the A330neo the most cost-efficient medium-range wide-body aircraft in the market. Airbus says that it can pursue demand for 4,000 aircraft and says there is an open market for 2,600 jets not already addressed by backlogs with operators already using A330s. The A330-900neo is to be introduced in the fourth quarter of 2017, while the A330-800neo is to be introduced in early 2018. Aerodynamic modifications are to include a re-twisted wing and optimised slats.

Airbus believes the A330neo derives much of its market advantage from being a less expensive widebody positioned to serve high density routes shorter than 4,000 nautical miles that otherwise would be served by aircraft primarily designed for routes of 8,000 miles. Ed Greenslet, editor of Airline Monitor, told Aviation Week that the A330neo could create a monopoly in that segment, because the 767 is "essentially out of production" and the only other aircraft suited for it is the Boeing 757; the largest 737 does not have the passenger capacity to compete effectively. A major upgrade program for the A330 could also cause problems for Airbus. The re-engined A330 would be launched into a twin-aisle market already crowded by the Boeing 787, 777X, and Airbus A350, and could take sales from other Airbus aircraft.

Fuel consumption per seat is improved by 2% due to the rearranged cabin (Space-Flex and Smart-Lav) with increased seating. The 14% fuel burn reduction per seat is for the new −900neo compared to the previous 235-tonne −300 version, it is 8.5% more efficient per seat against the newer 242-tonne −300, and is also due to 10 additional seats from a new galley design: the block fuel burn is 5.1% lower. Compared to the 235-tonne version, the larger 112-inch Trent 7000 is 11% more efficient than the 97-inch previous engine but a 2% loss is due to increased weight and 1% due to additional drag from the larger engine.

John Leahy estimates that the A330-900 will have operating costs on par with the 787-9, but will be available at 25% lower capital costs and can reach a production rate of 10 per month after a 7/8 per month rate at the production start. Both variants are to have a maximum take-off weight of 242 t. The design is planned to be frozen for the type in 2015.

Detailed design
Airbus unveiled a distinctive cockpit windscreen to be featured on the A330neo, similar to that on the A350. Airbus will introduce its new interior concept that promises a better passenger experience on the A330neo. Initially based on the largest 242t MTOW A330, Airbus is studying an improvement to 245 t MTOW for the A330neo, which would match the figure originally given for the Airbus A350-800 before it was sidelined in favor of the A330neo.

Engines
Candidate engines included variants of Rolls-Royce's Trent 1000 and General Electric's GEnx-1B. Both engine makers were reportedly interested in winning an exclusive deal should a re-engined A330 be offered. The Trent 1000 TEN (Thrust, Efficiency, New Technology) engine is under development for the 787-10, but Rolls-Royce intends to offer a broad power range.

The A330neo will use the Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 engine, which is an electronic controlled bleed air variant of the Trent 1000 used on the Boeing 787-10, it will have a 112 in diameter fan and a 10:1 bypass ratio. They will deliver a thrust of 68,000 to 72,000 lbf.

The Trent is the exclusive powerplant, the British motorist offered better terms to obtain the exclusivity. Customers bemoan the loss of competition among engine makers : Steven Udvar-Hazy, CEO of Air Lease Corporation, said that he wants a choice of engines, but Airbus has pointed out that equipping a commercial aircraft to handle more than one type of engine adds several hundred million dollars to the development cost. The head of Pratt and Whitney said "Engines are no longer commodities...the optimization of the engine and the aircraft becomes more relevant."

The decision to offer the aircraft with only one engine option is not unique to Airbus : the Boeing 777X will come equipped exclusively with General Electric GE9X engines, Rolls Royce made a bid with its Advance configuration but was not selected.

Production
On 7 September 2015, Airbus announced that it had began production of the first A330neo with the construction of its centre wing box and engine pylon. Final assembly of the first one, an A330-900, started in September 2016 at the Toulouse Line with the station 40 centre fuselage and wings join.

Variants
The two versions, the A330-800neo and A330-900neo, will retain the fuselage lengths of the A330-200 and A330-300, respectively. The cabin optimisation allow for up to 10 more seats on the A330-900neo for up to 310 passengers and six additional seats for the A330-800neo accommodating up to 252 travellers, still with 18-inch-wide economy seats. The -800 should cover a 7500 nm (13,900 km) with 257 passengers (406 max) while the -900 should travel 6550 nm (12,130 km) with 287 passengers (440 max).

Market
Independant analysis for a 3,350 nm transatlantic flight show the 787-9 has a slight advantage over the A330-900neo in cash cost per available seat miles, while the Airbus outperforms the Boeing once capital costs are included. Teal Group's Richard Aboulafia opinion is the A330neo should dominate the low end of the twin aisles range/capacity because the 787-8, designed for 8,000-nm+, has the high operating economics and unit price associated.

In January 2016, Iranian officials signed an agreement with Airbus for 18 A330-900neo. This order was still awaiting export licenses in July 2016. As of June 2016, the 186 firm orders can keep the line busy only for a couple of years after the A330neo enters production. Of those, 66 are from AirAsiaX, spread out over nearly a decade. While it is starting to return to profitability, AirAsia X has been unprofitable for most of the past few years, forcing it to defer some aircraft deliveries.

TAP Portugal is the launch operator of the A330neo.