User:Marissa18 wong/sandbox

This article focuses on the Anti-Displacement Movement in San Francisco and its beginning since 2014. In this article, as published by The Nation, Bronstein speaks on the issues that have hurt this movement (the anti-eviction one), and the people who have hurt the most from it. By speaking on the protests that have been held, specifically in San Francisco, Bronstein tells of the communities that were affected and how the community has stood together to fight the rise in rent and the intrusion of the tech boom. Here, she speaks about the Ellis Act and what it actually does when it comes to our housing rights, and speaks on the disparity between the rich and poor as well.
 * 1) BRONSTEIN, ZELDA. 2014. "SAN FRANCISCO'S ANTI-DISPLACEMENT MOVEMENT." Nation 299, no. 5/6: 16. MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

2. Kloc, Joe. 2014. "GO EAST, YOUNG RENTERS." Newsweek Global 162, no. 16: 96. MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In this article, Kloc builds on the fact that San Francisco is running out of room to accommodate for the citizens who want to come and live in San Francisco while not kicking out the people who are already living in it. Here, Kloc touches about the displacement of regular civilians in comparison to the new tech employees who are moving into San Francisco and who make double the salary that regular individuals make in the population that San Francisco serves. In touching upon the history of San Francisco and the growing displacement, Kloc shows that throughout time, a greater portion of the population especially the ones that are more of minority have been forced out of their homes. As a result, culture is lost as well as the city that people have called their homes.

3. Chiumbu, Sarah. 2012. "Exploring mobile phone practices in social movements in South Africa – the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign." African Identities 10, no. 2: 193-206. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

This article focuses on the utilization of technology as a form of social movement in South Africa and the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign. Chiumbu writes on the changes that technological advancements have made in South Africa especially when it comes to mobilizing groups to stand up for an issue that is hurting their society. In particular, Chiumbu writes on the emergence of mobile phones and how this new form of communication has aided the way people have gathered to fight the anti-eviction campaign in Western Cape. Before, much of the organization would be done through in person meetings and spread of mouth. Now, through the communication of mobile phones, gathering people together in a single spot and standing up through a social movement is amplified and easier as technology enables a more efficient way of communication. Through this empowerment, Chiumbu shows the improved leadership among activists and the success of the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign. This in turn demonstrates the power of technology (if we utilize it correctly) to lead successful movements and handle social injustices in society. It also touches upon how other countries have dealt with their own anti-eviction movements in their own countries and homes.

4. Barbero, Iker. 2015. "When rights need to be (re)claimed: Austerity measures, neoliberal housing policies and anti-eviction activism in Spain." Critical Social Policy 35, no. 2: 270-280. CINAHL Plus with Full Text, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In establishing the importance of decent housing, Barbero shows the power of the activism as elicited by the people in Spain when they can no longer afford to live in the homes that they are currently residing in. She shows that due to the failing economy and due to the issues of being able to pay their taxes, many citizens were getting kicked out of their homes. In response to this unfair act by the government, the Spanish people have showed ways of not only fighting against this in a legal manner but also through the power that technology has given them: social media. In this way, Barbero not only shows how technology is utilized to unify people together about the need to stand together for a movement that is hurting them, but also legally. Here, we are shown once more that in the international sphere, and especially in Spain, these fights for policy changes are enacted and the question of decent housing is put into play when making these considerations and when the people are standing together for it.

5. 2013. "The Los Angeles anti-eviction campaign." Turning The Tide 26, no. 2: 5. Alternative Press Index, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In this reading, Hampton focuses on the LA anti-eviction campaign as led by Mrs. Hughes. Hampton touches upon the leadership of Mrs. Hughes and how her road to sparking change especially in regards to anti-eviction was not an easy one. In fact, she speaks on the necessity of Mrs. Hughes to take on the role as a leader and on ensuring that housing would become more of a question of a human right rather than one that is simply a temporary matter. In fact, she goes on to only rally her neighbors but to also try and take legal matters into hand as she seeks to promote this idea of housing as a human right before all else. In this article, Hampton shows again the importance of standing together as a community in fighting an issue, but in also the different ways that the anti-eviction movement is approached and adds to this general movement.

6. Desmond, Matthew, and Carl Gershenson. 2016. "Who gets evicted? Assessing individual, neighborhood, and network factors." Social Science ResearchScienceDirect, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

This is study conducted by Matthew Desmond in which he studies why there are so many families that get evicted in America and how somehow this is in relation to assessing individuals, neighborhoods, and network factors. In looking at the lived experiences of individuals who are living in urban poverty, Desmond looks at how family jobs, social network connections, family size, neighborhood crimes, and policy intentions can hurt or should be analyzed to prevent future evictions from occurring or from targeting a specific group. Here, we have a research article that demonstrates to us the variables that exist in our society that contribute to the existence of evictions that hurt so many families and individuals. It provides concrete and numerical data in informing us about the existence of our eviction problems and how we should possibly move forward with it.

7. http://www.antievictionmap.com/ (accessed October 26,2016)

This website focuses on not only informing us about the evictions that happens in San Francisco, but utilizes great social media examples to demonstrate the solutions and the awareness that this organization seeks to bring to its constituents, especially in San Francisco. I particularly chose this as a resource because I thought this would be a great example to touch upon in regards to showing specifically communities that have been victims of evictions and how this has hurt various people in finding a place to live and survive in. In being so specific and being able to write on the solutions that this organization has offered to the people, I think it would add greatly to the topic I am researching: anti-eviction and the issues that it brings to society and to this city.

8. TERRY, KOPANA, kopana.terry@uky.edu, and JUDY1, jsackett@uky.edu SACKETT. 2016. "Making Oral History Interviews Accessible... at the Louie B. Nunn Center for Oral History." Kentucky Libraries 80, no. 3: 5-11. Library Literature & Information Science Full Text (H.W. Wilson), EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

One of the most important things that The Anti Eviction Mapping Project in San Francisco focuses on is the importance of oral history telling in order to outreach to audiences. Here, Terry defines for us what oral history even is and the empowerment that comes along with the utilization of this tool to empower others and to share history in a different light. In particular, he focuses on oral history as told in Kentucky and the different assessments when determining how to portray and utilize oral history.

9. Evilsizor, Keri, and Greg MacDonald. 2001. "Limitations on the Use of the Ellis Act in San Francisco's Rental Market [comments]." San Francisco Law Review 1. HeinOnline, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In this reading, Evilsizor speaks on the limitations of the Ellis Act as we look at the San Francisco Rental Market, and how these limitations have hurt San Franciscans. In analyzing this law and this policy, Evilsizor touches upon the flaws within this Act and all the limitations it has in enabling people to stay in their homes properly instead of being forced to leave it. By leaving his commentary on the issues he has identified, Evilsizor demonstrates why the Rental Market keeps going up and how renters are getting away with it.

10. Starecheski, Amy. 2014. "Squatting History: The Power of Oral History as a History-Making Practice." Oral History Review 41, no. 2: 187. Publisher Provided Full Text Searching File, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In this article, Starecheski shows how the utilization of oral history is powerfully used among a group of people in New York. In utilizing oral history, these people are able to establish an ethnographic exploration of oral history and how it is affective in narrating history among peers and people. By utilizing three cases and showing evidence, Starecheski shows the influence of oral history and how it sparks social change among people in understanding their history and in the power of this tool in aiding social movements.

11. Liu, John M. 2009. "San Francisco's International Hotel: Mobilizing the Filipino American Community in the Anti-eviction Movement." Journal Of American History 95, no. 4: 1250-1251. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In this article, Liu focuses on the movement of the Filipino American Community and how they stood together to fight with the Anti-eviction Movement in San Francisco and in correlation to the International Hotel which was in danger of being shut down due the desire to replace it with a newer building that would be taken over by the tech employees and San Francisco's desire to accommodate those who were coming into the city versus the ones already a part of it. Through activism as shown through the Filipino community in not just San Francisco, but also through Berkeley, students and activists were able to mobilize with one another and contribute to the Anti-Eviction Movement.

12. 1976. "HOUSING/ANTIEVICTION FIGHT HAWAII." Guardian 28, no. 25: 2. Alternative Press Index Archive, EBSCOhost (accessed October 26, 2016).

In this article, the focus is on the antieviction fight as seen in Hawaii. Through utilization of legal processes as well as activism, constituents went to fight the housing issues as seen in this state.

13. BARTON, Stephen E. [b1] (analytic). 0001. "Land Rent and Housing Policy: A Case Study of the San Francisco Bay Area Rental Housing Market (English)." The American Journal Of Economics And Sociology 70, no. 4: 845-873. FRANCIS, EBSCOhost(accessed October 26, 2016).

In understanding that rent keeps going higher and higher in this city, Barton performs an analysis of data about the high rent which doesn't correlate with the expenses utilized to provide such new buildings. Although there are new people moving into this city due to their ability to pay with it for more rent, more and more people who were a part of the "old" San Francisco are getting kicked out of their homes and are finding their inability to pay for the rent due to lower disposable income. It is with this notion of high rent that Barton analyzes that this is a result of the strong economy as well as the geography. He offers a new outlook that instead of it being a result of barriers to new multifamily construction, ti is rather just a form of reaction by the society that is coming to shape. In aiding this situation, Barton suggests that the government utilize non-profit housing organizations to enable lower income tenants to continue to find a space to live in San Francisco or to find the proper funding source.

14. Rosen, Marcia, and Wendy Sullivan. 2014. "FROM URBAN RENEWAL AND DISPLACEMENT TO ECONOMIC INCLUSION: SAN FRANCISCO AFFORDABLE HOUSING POLICY 1978-2014." Stanford Law & Policy Review 25, no. 1: 121-162. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed October 27, 2016).

In this article, Rosen focuses on the history and development of affordable housing and community development in San Francisco. This touches upon the details of the housing program and policies in the US. Here, Rosen not only focuses in particular on San Francisco but the efforts that our local, state, and federal programs should be making or could be making in response to the rise in rental prices and housing affordabilities.

15. Weiss, Todd R. 2016. "Airbnb Sues San Francisco Over New Rental Rules." Eweek 1. Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost(accessed October 27, 2016).

As one of the biggest companies that have taken over San Francisco, Airbnb has become a hot topic in regards to its connection with the Anti Eviction Movement. This article focuses on the lawsuit between Airbnb and San Francisco and how California requires Airbnb to allow rental housing listings for hosts who have registered with the city. In speaking about the fines, penalties and issues that pertain to this lawsuit, Weiss shows how this California affects Airbnb and its role as a huge impact in the housing situation especially in San Francisco.

16. BIRCK, NICHOLAS, and ANDREW PATTISON. "THE IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE AFFORDABLE HOUSING: A Story From San Buenaventura." Journal Of Housing & Community Development 73.3 (2016): 18. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

This article focuses on sustainable affordable housing in the U.S. as it is difficult for minimum wage workers to afford house at fair market rent. Public Housing Agencies (PHAs) with programs like Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) are programs and agencies that are put in a position to bring affordable housing in the U.S.

17. Williams, Peter, and Michael Oxley. "Funding Affordable Housing; A Rapid And Concise Review." Housing Finance International 30.4 (2016): 24-27. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

The article focuses on affordable housing funding provisions in several countries including England and Austria. Williams and Michael go to encourage provider income alternative sources by state-backed guarantees. They also write on the shift due to ease of access to mortgage credit and renewed interest for investing in real estate by individuals and companies.

18. Kalugina, Anastasia. "Affordable Housing Policies: An Overview." Cornell Real Estate Review 14.(2016): 76-83. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

As urban housing markets throughout the United States increasingly exhibit challenges of affordability, federal, state, and local governments have placed renewed emphasis on housing, specifically mixed-income housing, which integrates affordable housing incentives into multifamily development projects. With such incentives, one must wonder what comprises a successful affordable housing policy and how affordable housing can be successfully implemented into a community. This article attempts to answer these questions by detailing the history of affordable housing policies, exploring some of the current affordable housing policies and programs, comparing affordable housing programs from different regions, and discussing some successful affordable housing programs and lessons that can be learned from them.

19. BOHM, JOHN, and TESS HEMBREE. "Housing And Community Development On The Hill: Looking Back And Going Forward." Journal Of Housing & Community Development 73.1 (2016): 6. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

This article and its authors offer analysis on the hopes and disappointments, slowdowns and showdowns in U.S. Congress during 2015, and mention successes that were achieved. They touch upon the need to implement better housing programs and the issues of a budget deficit.

20. "Takings Clause -- Affordable Housing -- California Supreme Court Upholds Residential Inclusionary Zoning Ordinance." Harvard Law Review129.5 (2016): 1460-1467. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

The article discusses the court case California Building Industry Ass'n v. City of San Jose on affordable housing. This articles goes to include in-depth conversations about Ghettoization which is the concentration of poverty within small geographic areas and how this has hurt many cities. This existence of Ghettoization has hurt and impacted both individuals and municipalities such as racial segregation and limited access to quality education. This, in turn, has contributed to the issues of affordable housing especially as housing prices continue to rise.

21. Weiss, Brandon M. "Residual Value Capture In Subsidized Housing." Harvard Law & Policy Review 10.2 (2016): 521-563. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

Weiss argues in this article that our primary federal subsidized housing production program, the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC), will result in the unnecessary forfeit of billions of dollars of government investment and the potential displacement of tens of thousands of households beginning in 2020, especially when LIHTC property use restrictions start to expire.

22. SMITH, CARMEN. "AWARDS OF EXCELLENCE: AFFORDABLE HOUSING. (Cover Story)." Journal Of Housing & Community Development 72.5 (2015): 17. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

Smith writes in this article on the affordable housing that is offered within Aurora, Colorado, Syracuse, New York, and San Luis Obispo, California. In his article, he shows the actions that communities took to offer affordable housing to these communities and how it has enabled these communities to flourish rather than face hardships as seen in communities right now. This act of enabling affordable housing could prove helpful to new communities especially as factors such as gentrification leads to the displacement of families and individuals from their homes.

23. Slater, Tom. "The Eviction of Critical Perspectives from Gentrification Research." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. Web.

In this article, Slater focuses on looking at scholarly and research work on the issue of Gentrification. He analyzes that in looking at the history of gentrification in the UK, the reasons for which gentrification has dwindled is due to the resilience of theoretical and ideological fights over these causes, the demise of displacement, and the influence of liberal laws that have helped to lower gentrification rates.

24. Tan, James, and Siew Ann Cheong. "The Regime Shift Associated With The 2004–2008 US Housing Market Bubble." Plos ONE 11.9 (2016): 1-8. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

In this article, Tan speaks on behalf of the housing bubble that happened between 2004 and 2008. He demonstrates that this bubble that preceded the crisis was led by risky lending practices leading to large immediate increase in the proportion of mortgages issued in the US. This began the signs in which America would face instability and a shift within its housing market. We are shown through this research that the housing market experienced a shift from stability to a spiral down. In light of such a spiral, individuals are shown that a change in monetary policy was necessary to combat the issues that pertained to the housing market crisis.

25. Matthews, Warren, and Robert Driver. "The Global Financial Crisis And US Housing Policy." Journal Of Business & Retail Management Research 10.2 (2016): 105-110. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

This article goes to touch upon the Global financial crisis that the world is facing and its connection to housing especially as related back to the United States and its economic stability. In writing on the financial economy, Matthew and Robert speak on the US Housing Policy and the effects it has on retail management and business management.

26. Caines, Colin. "Can Learning Explain Boom-Bust Cycles In Asset Prices? An Application To The US Housing Boom." Working Papers -- U.S. Federal Reserve Board's International Finance Discussion Papers 1181 (2016): 1-43. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

In this article, Caines goes to speak on the Housing Boom that America experiences and its influence on the prices that are given during this booming period of time in the US.

27. Towbin, Pascal, and Sebastian Weber. "Price Expectations And The US Housing Boom." Swiss National Bank Working Papers 6 (2016): 1-28. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

This article focuses on the expectations of the housing price rises due to the US Housing boom throughout history. Here, Towbin and Weber make an effort to determine why expectations shift and why housing prices rise and how these expectations that are met or not met are realistic or unrealistic.

28. Pivo, Gary. "Unequal Access To Energy Efficiency In US Multifamily Rental Housing: Opportunities To Improve." Building Research & Information 42.5 (2014): 551-573. Business Source Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

In Pivo's article, he discusses the issues energy efficiency within homes and the issues that pertain to the sustainability of renting homes without efficient energy. This is particularly noted when researching and gathering data on lower income households. Individual energy efficiency features heating, ventilation, and cooling. It is with this acknowledgement and research that savings are lower among lower income families that accounts for renters inability to spend more money on their survival needs such as food, healthcare, etc. Thus, this article shows that because of characteristics like being a part of the lower income sector, individuals face a harder time in terms of survival and in terms of being able to cope with the movement of society especially when house pricing rises.

29. Fowler, Katherine A., et al. "Increase In Suicides Associated With Home Eviction And Foreclosure During The US Housing Crisis: Findings From 16 National Violent Death Reporting System States, 2005–2010." American Journal Of Public Health 105.2 (2015): 311-316. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

Fowler writes within this article that her research and academic journal aims to determine the frequency, characteristics, and precipitating circumstances of eviction and foreclosure related suicides during the US housing crisis. In analyzing why these two issues are related and why rates have increased, Fowler identifies that with each year that had progressed, a greater number of people had committed suicide due to the issues of housing evictions and foreclosures of homes. Housing loss has become a great influence on the increased suicide rates in the US. It is with these finds that Fowler suggests that there be prevention methods or that there be prevention measures that stop individuals from committing suicide due to the trauma and inability to handle the loss of one's home.

30. Hanka, Matthew J.1, mjhanka@usi.edu, et al. "Contemporary Neighborhood Housing Dynamics In A Mid-Sized US City: The Policy Consequences Of Mismeasuring The Dependent Variable." Housing & Society 42.1 (2015): 40-68. Art & Architecture Source. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.

This article focuses on assessing residential property values using three different operationalizations on mid-sized cities. What Hanka discovers is that there are impacts of accessibility socio-demographics, and housing characteristics as well as three policy interventions: Hope VI, historic preservation districts, and university- community partnerships. The interpretations of these characteristics and impacts leads to the conclusion that policy interventions have less of an impact compared to the recent percentage changes in property values. By misjudging housing neighborhood markets, community programs prove ineffective to combat the issues that are hurting these cities.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Article 1 - ANTI EVICTION MAPPING PROJECT : I plan to start a new wikipedia page on this project as there isn't one online. I plan to utilize information from this website as well as its other resources to enable others to know more about this media platform and its works in combatting gentrification and evictions in San Francisco.

Article 2- Clarion Alley Mural Project : I hope to add information in this wikipedia page about the mural in particular to the Anti eviction Mapping Project and details of its existence within the city and its meaning as a portrayal of art and empowerment and education in this alleyway.

Article 3- Airbnb Sues San Francisco Over New Rental Rules: In the Airbnb wikipedia page, I hope to speak about this case that was enacted recently and its effects on not just the company but the rental situation in San Francisco. In doing so, I hope to add more information about not just this case, but also on what is happening to such a huge and what some would say most successful companies in the state in regards to the housing movement and situation.