User:MarkZusab/drafts/ptsd

Pretraumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that can develop before a person is exposed to a traumatic event, such as childbirth, warfare, climate change, or other threats on a person's life. It is considered the opposite of posttraumatic stress disorder, but can have similar synonyms and be compared to anxiety. It may also be referred to as pretraumatic stress, but is not abbreviated as PTSD due to confusion with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Causes of pretraumatic stress include pregnancy and childbirth, warfare and military service, major political events, and climate change.

Pregnancy and childbirth
Pregnancy and childbirth are one of the most common causes of pretraumatic stress disorder. This is also associated with tokophobia, a significant fear of childbirth.

Warfare and military service
Warfare and military service have been reported also.

Climate change
Climate change has been reported as a cause of pretraumatic stress reactions.

https://www.resilience.org/stories/2018-04-24/pre-traumatic-stress-disorder-and-the-imagination/

https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/vvzzam/climate-change-is-giving-us-pre-traumatic-stress

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-018-0123-z

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-05314-005

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-10263-012

https://www.city-journal.org/html/pre-traumatic-stress-disorder-11586.html

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285498314_Traumatic_events_criterion_creep_and_the_creation_of_pretraumatic_stress_disorder

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2167702614551766

https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2276

https://www.psy.ox.ac.uk/publications/605735

https://sdlab.fas.harvard.edu/publications/how-well-can-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-be-predicted-pre-trauma-risk-factors

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285498314_Traumatic_events_criterion_creep_and_the_creation_of_pretraumatic_stress_disorder

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4564108/

https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/were-only-human/healing-the-wounds-of-the-future.html

https://www.huffingtonpost.com/wray-herbert/healing-the-wounds-of-the_b_5655197.html

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2167702614551766

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/us/maureen-dowd-washington-hit-with-pre-traumatic-stress-disorder-1.2929288

https://www.newsweek.com/why-i-turned-keystone-pipeline-and-face-22-years-jail-676841

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/problems-with-the-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-diagnosis-and-its-future-in-dsmv/01863BD12A8F49C29CD54FF4F36F7DFE/core-reader

https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/pre-traumatic-stress-disorder-andrew-stuttaford/

http://thefederalist.com/2016/11/08/americans-give-pre-traumatic-stress-disorder-making-politics-apocalyptic/

http://www.paecon.net/PAEReview/issue78/Goodwin78.pdf

Predicting posttraumatic stress disorders
Posttraumatic stress disorder