User:MarlaContreras/Economic globalization

Many migrants leave their country of origin in hopes of finding economic stability abroad. The 2017 ILO report of Global Estimates on International Migrant Workers states that there are 164 million migrant workers worldwide (ILO, 2017, 5). Male migrants workers aged 15 and older were estimated to constitute 95.7 million (58.4%) of the international migrant worker population: the estimate for female migrant workers worldwide is 68.1 million (41.6%) (ILO, 2017, 5).

Olivia Waresk:

- link to "Women migrant workers from developing countries" wiki page

In Global Woman Ehrenreich and Hochschild break down the global migration pattern of care workers in simplified graphics. With lines drawn across regions of the globe we see definitive trends and patterns of migration for domestic work. In the first chart, figure 1.1, we see a trend of migration from South Asia to the Gulf. Saudi Arabia is a large receptor of these South Asian domestic workers. There is also a movement from Sri Lanka to Kuwait. Saudi Arabia, being a wealthy and developed nation, is obvious as a receptor of these migrant women care workers. The next graphic, figure 1.2, depicts a map in the same style, linking South Asia to Europe. Like Saudi Arabia, all of these European countries are wealthy and can provide job opportunities in the domestic care sector that are not as available in the women’s native countries. Chart 1.3 provides the same information but shows eastern European and African domestic workers migrating to western Europe. The final, figure 1.4 chart shows Mexican and Central American domestic workers migrating to the United States and Canada. As made very clear in these charts, the migration follows opportunity for higher income. It is no coincidence that people are following wealth to global north countries. Just like in any sector, when work is not present in someone’s current location, they will migrate to find work. This is how many migrants came to take domestic work positions overseas and are able to send money back to their native countries to support their families back home (Ehrenreich et al. 2002, 276-280).

Brian Oehme : The International Organization for Migration’s Global Migration Data Analysis Centre found that in 2017, of the 21 million migrants living in Africa, 18 million of them coming from different African countries. The European Commission found that there is a structural movement coming from sub-Saharan Africa headed North due to economic and security struggles (IOM, GMDAC, 2017). "A similarly critical figure relating to recent irregular migration from Africa points to a notable increase in the number of migrants in vulnerable situations, especially women and minors. For example, among the 181,000 migrants who arrived in Italy in 2016, around 24,000 (13% – almost half of them from Nigeria) were women, and around 28,000 (15%) were minors, of whom the vast majority (91%) were unaccompanied” (IOM GMDAC 2017).

IOM. “African Migration to Europe.” Issue 11: Global Migration Data Analysis Centre.  Https://Publications.iom.int/System/Files/Pdf/gmdac_data_briefing_series_issue_11.Pdf , 2017.