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As of October 2012, there are 15 sororities at the University of Maryland, with the newest addition being the recolonized Alpha Xi Delta chapter.

History of National Panhellenic Conference (NPC) fraternities on campus Greek life for women began in 1920, with the founding of local sorority Sigma Delta. Lambda Tau followed shortly thereafter. Lambda Tau became the Pi Delta chapter of Alpha Omicron Pi in 1924, making it the first NPC fraternity on campus. There is, however, some debate about this, as Chi Omega records indicate that their Delta Beta chapter was established in 1923, making Chi O the first NPC on campus. Kappa Xi was founded in 1924. Kappa Kappa Gamma and Kappa Delta came to campus in 1929, absorbing Sigma Delta and Kappa Xi, respectively.

In the 1930s, campus locals turned into NPCs: Alpha Upsilon Chi (1926) went to Delta Delta Delta in 1934; to Alpha Xi Delta; to Phi Sigma Sigma. Alpha Sigma was a Jewish-interest sorority long working to become a chapter of Alpha Epsilon Phi; this became a reality

Kappa Alpha Theta's chapter was colonized by three transfer students.

Chi Omega considered recolonizing in the late 1990s. Gamma Phi Beta attempted to add more members to its small chapter, but ultimately decided to close the chapter.