User:MatChem121/sandbox

Chemistry Project



Outline

Olefins

 * Presence of an electron-donating group
 * Example: isobutylene

Heterocyclic monomers

 * Ring strain
 * Examples: lactones, lactams, cyclic amines, and cyclic ethers

Solvents

 * Gegen ion effects
 * Polar versus nonpolar solvents

Classical protonic acids/acid surfaces

 * Nucleophilicity of the anion
 * Examples: perchloric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids

Lewis acids/Friedel-Crafts catalysts

 * Examples of Lewis acids: metal halides and their organometallic derivatives
 * Cocatalyst for Lewis acids
 * Examples: water, hydrogen halides, and alcohols

Carbenium ion salts

 * Direct addition
 * Hydride extraction
 * Electron transfer

Propagation

 * Counterion effect on rate of propagation
 * Counterion position in reaction


 * Useful temperature (170-190 K)

Unimolecular rearrangement

 * Catalyst-cocatalyst complex regenerated
 * Termination of the kinetic chain

Bimolecular transfer reactions

 * Monomer-initiator complex regenerated
 * No termination of the kinetic chain

Living Polymerization

 * Link to living cationic polymerization Wiki page: Living cationic polymerization

Kinetics

 * Steady-state conditions

Commercial Applications

 * Examples: tackifiers, adhesives, sealants, moisture barriers, tubing