User:Matmo/Sandbox

day 1 October

Events

 * 331 BC - Greek Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
 * 959 - Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England.
 * 965 - John XIII becomes Pope.
 * 1189 - Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Templars since 1184 is killed in the Siege of Acre
 * 1791 - First session of the French Legislative Assembly.
 * 1795 - Belgium is conquered by France.
 * 1800 - Spain cedes Louisiana to France via the Treaty of San Ildefonso.
 * 1814 - Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw the Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring.
 * 1869 - Austria issues the world's first postcards.
 * 1880 - John Philip Sousa becomes leader of the United States Marine Corps Band.
 * 1880  - First electric lamp factory opened by Thomas Edison.
 * 1885 - United States begins special-delivery mail service.
 * 1891 - In the U.S. state of California, Stanford University opens its doors.
 * 1898 - Czar Nicholas II of Russia expels Jews from major Russian cities.
 * 1908 - Ford introduces the Model T car.
 * 1918 - World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence (a/k/a "Lawrence of Arabia") capture Damascus.
 * 1936 - Francisco Franco is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.
 * 1943 - World War II: Naples falls to Allied soldiers.
 * 1946 - Nazi leaders sentenced at Nuremberg Trials.
 * 1949 - The People's Republic of China is declared by Mao Zedong.
 * 1957 - First appearance of "In God We Trust" on U.S. paper currency.
 * 1964  - Japanesebullet trains begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
 * 1969 - Concorde supersonic plane breaks the sound barrier for the first time.
 * 1977 - Brazilian soccer star Pelé retires.
 * 1988 - Mikhail Gorbachev is named head of the Supreme Soviet.

Births

 * 1207 - King Henry III of England (d. 1272)
 * 1471 - King Frederick I of Denmark (d. 1533)
 * 1507 - Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect (d. 1573)
 * 1540 - Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (d. 1617)
 * 1577 - Fidelis of Sigmaringen, Swiss friar, martyr, and saint (d. 1622)
 * 1620 - Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (d. 1683)
 * 1644 - Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
 * 1671 - Guido Grandi, Italian mathematician (d. 1742)
 * 1685 - Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1740)
 * 1691 - Arthur Onslow, English politician (d. 1768)
 * 1730 - Richard Stockton, American attorney, signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1781)
 * 1760 - William Thomas Beckford, English writer and politician (d. 1844)
 * 1771 - Pierre Baillot, French violinist and composer (d. 1842)
 * 1791 - Sergei Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1859)
 * 1835 - Ádám Politzer, Austrian physician (d. 1920)
 * 1842 - Charles Cros, French poet and inventor (d. 1888)
 * 1865 - Paul Dukas, French composer (d. 1935)
 * 1881 - William Boeing, American engineer (d. 1956)
 * 1885 - Louis Untermeyer, American author (d. 1977)
 * 1878 - Othmar Spann, Austrian philosopher and economist (d. 1950)
 * 1890 - Stanley Holloway, British actor (d. 1982)
 * 1896 - Liaquat Ali Khan, first Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1951)
 * 1896 - Ted Healy, American actor and comedian (d. 1937)
 * 1899 - Ernest Haycox, American writer (d. 1950)
 * 1900 - Tom Goddard, English cricketer (d. 1966)
 * 1903 - Vladimir Horowitz, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1989)
 * 1904 - Otto Robert Frisch, Austrian-born physicist (d. 1979)
 * 1904 - A.K. Gopalan, Indian communist leader (d. 1977)
 * 1909 - Maurice Bardèche, French fascist, (d. 1998)
 * 1909 - Sam Yorty, Mayor of Los Angeles, California (d. 1998)
 * 1910 - Bonnie Parker, American outlaw (d. 1934)
 * 1910 - Fritz Köberle, Austrian-Brazilian physician (d. 1983)
 * 1910 - José Enrique Moyal, mathematical physicist (d. 1998)
 * 1914 - Daniel J. Boorstin, American historian, writer, and Librarian of Congress (d. 2004)
 * 1920 - Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)
 * 1921 - James Whitmore, American actor
 * 1924 - James Earl Carter, Jr., 39th President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
 * 1924 - William Hubbs Rehnquist, 16th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 2005)
 * 1925 - Bob Boyd, baseball player (d. 2004)
 * 1926 - Roger Williams, American pianist
 * 1927 - Tom Bosley, American actor
 * 1928 - Laurence Harvey, Lithuanian-born actor (d. 1973)
 * 1928  - George Peppard, American actor (d. 1994)
 * 1930 - Naimatullah Khan, Pakistani politician and ex-mayor of Karachi
 * 1930  - Sir Richard Harris, Irish actor (d. 2002)
 * 1930  - Philippe Noiret, French actor
 * 1931 - Sylvano Bussotti, Italian composer
 * 1932 - Albert Collins, blues guitarist (d. 1993)
 * 1935 - Julie Andrews, British actress and singer
 * 1936 - Stella Stevens, American actress
 * 1939 - George Archer, American golfer (d. 2005)
 * 1942 - Frank Gardner, Australian formula one driver
 * 1943 - Jean-Jacques Annaud, French film director
 * 1943  - Angèle Arsenault, Canadian-Acadian singer and songwriter
 * 1945 - Rod Carew, Panamanian Major League Baseball player
 * 1945  - Spider Sabich, American skiier (d. 1976)
 * 1945  - Donny Hathaway, American soul musician and composer (d. 1979)
 * 1947 - Aaron Ciechanover, Israeli biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
 * 1947 - Stephen Collins, American actor
 * 1947 - Adriano Tilgher, Italian politician
 * 1948 - Cub Koda, American singer (d. 2000)
 * 1949 - Isaac Bonewits, American author
 * 1950 - Randy Quaid, American actor
 * 1952 - Jacques Martin, Canadian hockey coach and executive
 * 1953 - John Hegley, British poet
 * 1953 - Pete Falcone, baseball player
 * 1954 - Martin Strel, Slovenian swimmer
 * 1956 - Theresa May, British politician
 * 1959 - Youssou N'Dour, Senegalese singer
 * 1962 - Esai Morales, American actor
 * 1963 - Mark McGwire, baseball player
 * 1964 - Harry Hill, British comedian
 * 1964 - Jonathan Sarfati, Australian-born chess player, scientist, and author
 * 1965 - Andreas Keller, German field hockey player
 * 1966 - George Weah, Liberian politician and footballer
 * 1967 - Scott Young, American hockey player
 * 1967  - Mike Pringle, professional football player
 * 1968 - Jon Guenther, American author
 * 1969 - Igor Ulanov, National Hockey League defenseman
 * 1970 - Alexei Zhamnov, Russian hockey player
 * 1975 - Chulpan Khamatova, Russian actress
 * 1976 - Dora Venter, Hungarian actress
 * 1976 - Mandisa, American singer
 * 1976  - Denis Gauthier, National Hockey League player
 * 1977 - Jeffrey van Hooydonk, Belgian race car driver
 * 1979 - Rudi Johnson, American football player
 * 1979 - Gilberto Martínez. Costa Rican footballer
 * 1981 - Júlio Baptista, Brazilian footballer
 * 1982 - Haruna Babangida, Nigerian footballer
 * 1982 - Sandra Oxenryd, Swedish singer
 * 1985 - Dizzee Rascal, British musician
 * 1985 - Ryo Miyamori, Japanese singer

Deaths

 * 959 - King Edwy of England
 * 1040 - Alan III, Duke of Brittany (poisoned) (b. 997)
 * 1189 - Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Templars
 * 1310 - Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon (b. 1257)
 * 1404 - Pope Boniface IX (b. 1356)
 * 1499 - Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (b. 1433)
 * 1500 - John Alcock, English Catholic bishop
 * 1567 - Pietro Carnesecchi, Italian humanist (b. 1508)
 * 1570 - Frans Floris, Flemish painter (b. 1520)
 * 1574 - Marten Jacobszoon Heemskerk van Veen, Dutch painter (b. 1498)
 * 1578 - Don John of Austria, military leader (b. 1547)
 * 1609 - Giammateo Asola, Italian composer
 * 1684 - Pierre Corneille, French author (b. 1606)
 * 1693 - Pedro Abarca, Spanish theologian (b. 1619)
 * 1708 - John Blow, British composer (b. 1649)
 * 1768 - Robert Simson, Scottish mathematician (b. 1687)
 * 1864 - Rose Greenhow, American Confederate spy (b. 1817)
 * 1876 - James Lick, California land baron (b. 1796)
 * 1901 - Abdur Rahman Khan, Afghan amir
 * 1929 - Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor (b. 1861)
 * 1955 - Charles Christie, American film studio owner (b. 1880)
 * 1958 - Robert Falk, Russian painter (b. 1886)
 * 1975 - Al Jackson, American drummer (Booker T. & the M.G.'s) (b. 1935)
 * 1984 - Walter Alston, baseball player (b. 1911)
 * 1985 - E. B. White, American author (b. 1899)
 * 1988 - Sacheverell Sitwell, English writer (b. 1897)
 * 1990 - Curtis LeMay, American Air Force general (b. 1906)
 * 1992 - Petra Kelly, German politician (b. 1947)
 * 1994 - Paul Lorenzen, German philosopher (b. 1915)
 * 1997 - Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (b. 1923)
 * 1998 - Pauline Julien, French Canadian singer (b. 1928)
 * 2000 - Reginald Kray, British gangster (b. 1933)
 * 2000  - Robert Allen, pianist and songwriter (b. 1928)
 * 2001 - Guy Beaulne, French Canadian actor and theatre director (b. 1921)
 * 2002 - Walter Annenberg, American publisher and philanthropist (b. 1908)
 * 2004 - Richard Avedon, American photographer (b. 1923)
 * 2004 - Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield) (b. 1946)

Holidays and observances

 * RC Church - Feast days of Saint Thérèse de Lisieux; formerly of Saint Bavo and Saint Remigius
 * Also see October 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * People's Republic of China - National Day (1949)
 * Republic of Cyprus - Independence Day (from Britain, 1960)
 * Nigeria - Independence Day (from Britain, 1960)
 * San Marino - two Captains Regent, elected by parliament, take office for six months.
 * Tuvalu - Independence Day (from Gilbert Islands (Kiribati), 1975)
 * French Republican Calendar - Cuve (Barrel) Day, tenth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
 * World Vegetarian Day
 * Singapore - Children's Day
 * World Health Organization - World Hepatitis Awareness Day
 * Ghana - Independence Day (from Britain, 1957)

Fiction

 * In the first movie adaptation of Roald Dahl's Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, the fictional character Willy Wonka gives an unprecedented tour of his chocolate factory on October 1 (year unspecified).