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The Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c 33) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom. It followed a 1998 government white paper entitled "Fairer, Faster And Firmer – A Modern Approach To Immigration And Asylum". Its main aim was to create a faster system to deal with a backlog of cases. One of the most notable parts of the new law was to introduce the dispersal policy under section 95 of the Act. This system allowed for the creation of dispersal areas around the United Kingdom, where Asylum applicants would be accommodated while their claims for Asylum were reviewed.

Background
Concern about the efficiency of the immigration and asylum system was a key factor in prompting the Government to produce the white paper that would lead to the Immigration and Asylum Act 1998. Since 1996, application claims had been rising and the inability to deal with the volume of applications was cited as indicating a need for reform.