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Notes

- tried to find information on family members but came up short the only family that was mentioned about close to the trial or around that was her brother who she was arrested with for the larceny. Jerome Little who after a bit of research it was confusing as to who he was what was his name and who was really with her during her 1989 arrest in New York.

Notable People
Jerry Paul was Joan Little's head attorney

Karen Galloway graduate from Duke university Law school assisted in Joan's trial. Galloway spent countless hours with Ms. Little during the time period of the case getting to know her more than anyone else on the trial.

Angela Davis was one of the few political activist to take interest in Joan Little's case as far as writing about Little and the trial case at hand.

Slaying of a Jailer
Clarence Alligood had a recored of forcing female inmates to take part in sexual favors for him since he would see it as payment for gifts he'd give the inmates. Other inmates who had come forward stating that he had given them gifts in the forms of snacks and magazines and expected to get sexual favors.

Joan took refugee in the home of an older black man from her community.

Women on death row
From 1973 to the end of 2017 184 women have been sentenced to death row in the United States. Sixteen of which where sentenced to death in North Carolina, with only three still remaining on death row since 2013. From 1976 to 2016 sixteen women have been executed for murder. Since the 1900s 54 women have been executed. Out of 165 inmates exonerated since March of 2019, only two were females.

Trial
The Free Joan campaigns were successful enough that Joan's counsel were able to get the first degree murder down to a second degree. Judge Hobgood noted that the prosecution did not have liable evidence.

Legacy of trial
Joan Little was the first woman to be acquitted of murder due to self-defense against a sexual assault.

Joan Little’s trial attracted the attention of many political protestors like Angela Davis, Rosa Parks who formed a local chapter for Little’s defense, Katherine Galloway former Duke University Law student worked closely with Joan Little on her case. Others amongst those previously mentioned that were taking part in Little’s case were Maulana Karenga, Ralph Abernathy who spoke during a protest outside Beaufort County courthouse. As well as Bernice Johnson Reagon had contributed to funding support for Ms. Little. Dr. Larry Little, one of the leaders of the Winston-Salem chapter for the Black Panther Party was a close friend of Ms. Little. He stood by her side vocalizing how the trial played out and the issues that were still shown within all who were on Ms. Little's defense. (add to article)

Tondalao Hall, Ky Peterson, Kelly Ann Savage, Tewkunzi Green all four of these people have had similar situations for being arrested or charged with murder but haven't received any help.

During the Little trial other women had came forward and testified against Alligood’s sexual assault history in prisons. Those who testified were Ida Mae Roberson and Phyllis Ann Moore. This had helped out Little’s jury to lean more towards her defense.

Effects
"Free Joan Little," was a form that activist took to be able to raise awareness of her situation and try to get her released. It was said that without the funding and activists' support Joan Little would possibly be serving a death sentence.

Jerry Paul, Joan Little’s chief defense counsel was sentenced to fourteen days in jail for foul choice of words towards the Judge Hamilton H. Hobgood.

The trial became a global known case for many from those who believed her guilty and those who did not. For those standing behind her saw a woman that was a victim of racism, sexism and vulnerability because she was the only female prisoner at the Beaufort jail during that time. Those who thought of her being guilty saw her as luring in Alligood into her cell with ideas of sex and killed and fled the scene when Alligood was in the moment of getting ready.

The case was well known because it had also showed signs of what the black movement was behind supporting during that decade. With illustrations of the double binds that African American women have had to deal with racism and sexism within the prison industrial complex.

Later in Life
As of June 1979 Joan Little was free and had returned back to New York. At the time of this arrest Joan Little was 34-years-old, who was accompanied by a male after being pulled over for driving car with stolen license plates and other charges as well. She remained the night at the Hudson County jail.

Latest whereabouts of Joan Little according to Mr. William Kunstler, he had heard that Joan had a 15-month old son, after her latest arrest in 1989.

Since the 1989 arrest there hasn’t been much heard from Joan Little, her case brought forward sexual abuse towards women in the prison industrial complex. The “Free Joan Little” organizations had also brought into view the issues of racism, police brutality, as well as the full justice and corrections systems.

Reference