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Introduction
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a member of the calcitonin family of peptides, which in humans exists in two forms: α-CGRP and β-CGRP, also known as CGRP I and CGRP II. α-CGRP is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide. It is formed via alternative splicing of the calcitonin/CGRP gene located on chromosome 11. β-CGRP is less studied. In humans, β-CGRP differs from the α-CGRP in three amino acids and is encoded in a separate gene within the same vicinity. This article outlines the basic function of CGRP as well as sources of production and synthesis. It further introduces receptors and regulation of CGRP, with a focus on human and mammalian systems.

Function
CGRP is produced in both peripheral and central neurons. It is a potent peptide vasodilator and can function in the transmission of nociception. In the spinal cord, the function and expression of CGRP may differ depending on the location of synthesis. CGRP is derived mainly from the cell bodies of motor neurons when synthesized in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and may contribute to the regeneration of nervous tissue after injury. Conversely, CGRP is derived from dorsal root ganglion when synthesized in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and may be linked to the transmission of pain. In the trigeminal vascular system, the cell bodies on the trigeminal ganglion are the main source of CGRP. CGRP is thought to play a role in cardiovascular homeostasis and nociception. As a neuropeptide, CGRP has many affects on vasodilation, appetite suppression, temperature homeostasis, and vasodilation. It also plays a role in the release of the pituitary hormone in a paracrine manner. Because of these characteristics, it has been said that CGRP functions more as a neurotransmitter than a hormone. In the heart, CGRP acts a chronotrope by increasing heart rate. (added)

To add in:

As a neuropeptide, CGRP has many affects on vasodilation, appetite suppression, temperature homeostasis, and vasodilation. It also plays a role in the release of the pituitary hormone in a paracrine manner. Thus, CGRP arguably acts more in the sense of a neurotransmitter than a hormone.

CGRP also involved in:

nociception

ingestive behavior, modulation of the autonomic and nervous systems

suppression of appetite and associated gastric acid secretion

modulation fo body temperature

CGRP has moderate affects on calcium homeostasis compared to its extensive actions in other areas, such as the autonomic nervous system. As a neuropeptide, CGRP acts as an appetite suppressant and contributes to gastric acid secretion. It also functions in temperature homeostasis, increases heart rate, and plays a role in the release of the pituitary hormone in a paracrine manner.

CGRP Discovery
CGRP was discovered

CGRP Antagonists
Provide basics and redirect to page on antagonists. (Assign yourself this article as well)