User:Mehdi ghaed/The beauty and the ugly

The beauty and the ugly (Arabic:حسن و قبح) is one subject in Kalam. Hosn and Ghobh consider with the actions of human being on the basis of whether they are intrinsically good or evil. In other word, Human action regardless of the order of God could be considered as good or evil. There are three theories on the nature of actions. Mutazalite believe that the action could be considered as intrinsically good or evil regardless of the Shariah. Shia theologian also believe that the beauty and the ugly of action is rational and also shariah helps the reason in understanding that understanding. But in other hand Asharite School believe that both of beauty and ugly of action determined by shariah and the order of God.

History of the Hosn and Ghobh
Some scholars believe that the theory has three historical periods:


 * Before appearing of Muʿtazila, there has been the reality of the theory but without any theorizing.


 * After the appearance of Muʿtazila, the theory has planned with some of his extensions.


 * After the appearance of Asharite who were disagree with the theory of Intrinsically beauty and the ugly.

Description
According to Pakatchi, the beauty and the ugly deal with the normative dimension of action. The Terms early appeared in kalam and then discussed in Principles of jurisprudence. The word of Qobh used in Quran just one time which means ugly face.But the beauty has used many times in Quran. Also it seems that the terms before and primarily used in aesthetics and then in ethics.

There are four senses for the beauty and the ugly:


 * Consistency with the nature of human’ desire is the beauty and inconsistency with nature is the ugly.
 * Consistency with the nature of human’ aim is the beauty and inconsistency with nature is the ugly.
 * Perfection and imperfection of soul. Perfection considers with the beauty and imperfection with the ugly.
 * being merit of blame and praise.