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The Highland Frog (Lithobates maculatus ) is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, and it's most popularly found in south - eastern Brazil. Other places where they have been discovered include El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, Haiti, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, and freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss. However, the Highland Frog might be already extinct because it has not been recorded in the wild in many years. It's a small frog that has an olive - brown skin color with irregular dark patches around it's body. The belly of the frog is a cream color, and the tips of the frog's hands are a bright yellow. It has a large, wide head with an oval body and a rounded snout. It has short limbs, and has large eyes that face forward. The Highland Frog's eyes have diamond - shaped pupils. The female frogs are slightly larger than the male frogs. The length of their snouts have been recorded up to 3.7 centimeters.

Distribution and Habitat
Highland Frogs are a terrestrial species. They're often found under mulch, leaves, and stones in open grasslands or sparse forests. They have also been known to live in burrows and other shaded places. These frogs are most popularly found in south - eastern Brazil. As the name suggests, highland frogs are found in the highlands of the Itatiaia Mountains in Brazil. They are found at elevations of around 2,100 to 2,600 meters above sea level. They were frequently found there up until the 1970's, but they haven't been seen there for a long time. Because of this, they are believed to most likely be extinct. They are also known to live shrub lands, in moist areas.

Threats
Highland frogs are classified as critically endangered by the IUCN Red List. The species has been impacted by multiple factors leading to their possible extinction. Highland frogs have been reported to be affected by extreme frosts. It's believed that the species has been reduced so much because of tourist activities and wildfires. More possibilities leading to their extinction include disease, pollution, and climate change. The extreme change in temperature has led to the rapidly decreasing population.