User:Mekaric/sandbox

Bibliography

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Dahms, Fred, and Janine McComb. “'Counterurbanization', Interaction and Functional Change in a Rural Amenity Area - A Canadian Example.” Journal of Rural Studies, Pergamon, 7 Sept. 1999, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016798000564.

H., Keith. “The Importance of 'the Rural' in the Constitution of Counterurbanization: Evidence from England in the 1980s.” Sociologia Ruralis, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 25 Mar. 2008, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1994.tb00807.x/full.

Mitchell, Clare J.a. “Making Sense of Counterurbanization.” Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 20, no. 1, 2004, pp. 15–34., doi:10.1016/s0743-0167(03)00031-7.

“Urbanization, Suburbanization, Counterurbanization, and Reurbanization.” Handbook of Urban Studies, by Ronan Paddison, SAGE, 2001.

-March 28 part 4-

Counterurbanization is different around the globe because there is no universal definition. All definitions vary, but revolve around the central idea of physical movement from a populated location to a less populated location. Clare J.A. Mitchell, an associate professor in the Department of Geography at the University of Waterloo, published that in Europe, counterurbanization is the process of deconcentration of one area to another that is beyond suburbanization or metro decentralization. Australia views counterurbanization as the net migration downwards in a hierarchy.[6] Though many definitions exist, Mitchell states that counterurbanization is a descriptive term that describes a type of migration. Mitchell believes this phenomenon of counterurbanization to be reflective of values and ideology in people’s preferred living style thus taking into consideration not only distance traveled from the urban area but the motive. Mitchel uses the term “exurbanization” that is used in reference to those who reside in the outside perimeters of an urban city who remain closely involved through their social networks and jobs. Exurbanites typically still enjoy the benefits of modern infrastructure. Another term concerning differing motives for traveling or moving away from the city is people who are forced out of the city due to factors such as: the inability to find work, the increased cost of living, or dissatisfaction and/or conflicts with the culture of urban society. This phenomenon is “displaced urbanization”. Finally, there are those who participate in “antiurbanization”. Typically these people are motivated by a sort of rejection concerning the urban lifestyle and consumer culture. Antiurbanization is an escape for those to choose to leave and forgo the lifestyle and culture of the city. The decisive decision to move away from the city for this type of counterurbanization is usually a step toward spiritual growth and rejection of materialism and capitalistic society.

''' Nice start - think about some things you can add that we've discussed in class that would be useful in your additional material as well. -Prof H '''