User:Mhliu58/New sandbox

Lead:
"In linguistics, feminization refers to the process of re-classifying nouns and adjectives which as such refer to male beings, including occupational terms, as feminine. This is done most of the time by adding inflectional suffixes denoting a female (such as the standard suffix -ess in English, or its equivalent -a in Spanish)."v

Feminization is also related to neutralization, which is the process of replacing masculine forms of words (i.e. policeman) with gender-unmarked forms (i.e. police officer). Citation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4735429/

Article body
In Feminist theory: (link to Feminist theory)

Recent efforts to modify the use of the generic masculine have generated controversy and debate. Feminists believe the use of the generic masculine to refer to someone who's gender is unknown erases women and should be abolished.[3]

Furthermore, some see evidence of the intentional preference of the masculine over the feminine. It has been argued that 17th century grammaticians who wanted to assert male dominance worked to suppress the feminine forms of certain professions, leading to the modern-day rule that prefers the masculine over the feminine in the French language. (Citation: Éliane Viennot, Non, le masculin ne l’emporte pas sur le féminin ! Petite histoire des résistances de la langue française, Donnemarie-Dontilly, Éditions iXe, 2014)

There are a number of arguments against such prescriptive rules however.[4]

In France, (Citation: https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2017/11/21/le-premier-ministre-edouard-philippe-decide-de-bannir-l-ecriture-inclusive-des-textes-officiels_5218122_823448.html) the Prime Minister at the time, Edouard Philippe, announced a ban on the use of gender-neutral French in official government documentation, arguing that implementing it would complication education and create little change in social structure.

Research has also shown that, despite the inclusion of feminization to make language more gender equal, possible side effects can affect affect the recruitment process. Feminine job titles also affect the evaluation of female applications to job positions. Moreover, conservative political attitudes have been linked to a greater devaluation of female applicants with feminine titles compared to liberal attitudes. (Citation: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ejsp.1924)

Feminization in various languages:

French:
Double gender marking is prevalent in radical political pamphlets and manifestos. This is difficult to track, however, as these types of publications are written by many groups and tend to be published by organizations that don't keep detailed records of their activities.

Double gender marking has been demonstrated typographically using the masculine form as the baseline, and then adding a period or hyphen followed by the feminine suffix, such as fier.ère.s or fier-ère-s. (Citation: https://twitter.com/EditionsHatier/status/911553296313327616?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E911553296313327616%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pri.org%2Fstories%2F2017-11-10%2Ffrance-has-plunged-struggle-over-gender-neutral-language)