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Can be phosphorylated at C-5 by Deoxycytidine kinase converting it to a thiamine nucleotide, a DNA precursor.

It can also be used as a precursor for (5-aza-2′-Deoxycytidine) a treatment for MDS patients. This compound can slows the cell cycle by interfering with the methylation of the P15/INK4B gene, increasing the expression P15/INK4B protein. which subdues the transformation of MDS to leukemia.