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Jefferson Notation
Jefferson notation is a detailed system of symbols that can be used to encode aspects of talk and interaction. It encompasses symbols to represent aspects of each.

Psathas and Anderson explain the work and the orientations to recorded interactions that are involved in Jeffersonian transcription system. In this approach “transcription, which of necessity entails repeated listening to a tape, becomes an integral part of the analytic process”.

Analysis is data driven with a focus on conversationalists’ actual actions, including verbal, paralinguistic, and visual features of the talk ( [[Pomerantz & Fehr] , 1997)]

While Jefferson notation transcriptions include the spoken words, the transcripts also include what might be thought of as  “micro detail’  such as  pauses, in-breaths, gaze, overlaps, stress, and intonation in talk. Conversational analysts do not dismiss these as some  kind of embellishment to the talk, rather, these features are central to  members’ activity and therefore must be recorded by the transcriber.

Ten Have has described how to approach the development of a transcript in conversation analysis (CA). He suggested that it is done best in rounds, with a different feature of talk focused on each time until all specific features of interest in talk are systematically recorded. One should begin with what has been said and then address how words were said (record intonation, gaps in talk, and so on) With a different feature of talk focused on each time until all specific features of interest in talk are systematically recorded.

A tutorial on how conversational analysts use Gail Jefferson's Transcription Notations. There are also services available to provide a transcription service.