User:Minyi Ruan/Portfolio page

Article 1: Memory Augmentation

 * I choose to edit on this article because it is within the scope of WikiProject Psychology, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Psychology on Wikipedia.This article is a Stub- class on the project's quality scale. This article in somehow needs additional citations for verification. The previous editor seems edited all the information based on one resource, but I think there should be more details which he/she did not cover such as the term he/she mentioned "Ubiquitous Memories". I will expand this term in detail by listing the procedures and how the system operation.


 * The first step of my preparation for editing this article is to find sources from PsychInfo through EBSCO and ProQuest. Since the previous editor did not fully cover important terms from the article that he/she used, I decide to list out the terms and procedures for operating the Ubiquitous Memories System that the researchers point out in their study. Also, the design of the experiment in this study is a reversion from a previous study. I will list out how the researchers fix problems from the previous study in their new experiment.


 * Psychology appropriate citation for references:

1. Kawamura, T., Fukuhara, T., Takeda, H., Kono, Y.,& Kidode, M. (2006). Ubiquitous Memories: a memory externalization system using physical objects. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Series 4 11, 287–298. doi:10.1007/s00779-006-0085-4

This is an research article from some Japanese college students, it also is the acticle which the previous editor mainly focus on for his/ her editing on the topic. The reasons for me to use this research article is that it not only define Memory Augmentation, it also propose a novel concept of augmented memory system which they call "Ubiquitous Memories". To operate the system, reseachers use a previous study which also related to augmented memory from DeVaul et al (2003) as reference. In DeVaul's study, some of the procedures contain problematic programs which could effect the result of the study. In Kawamura's experiment, they revises the problematic problems by changing the formant of procedure in the system. There are more information about memory augmentation from the research article that the previous editor has not generalized, I generalize the rest information from the article. For example, the term "Ubiquitous Memories" and its procedure in the system.

2. DeVaul, R., Corey, V. (2003).The Memory Glass : Subliminal vs. Overt Memory Support with Imperfect Information,Proceedings of the 7th IEEE international symposium on wearable computer, pp 146-153

This article is one of the references from the article which shows above. Some of the terms in the procedures of Ubiquitous Memories system has defined by the researchers in this article, such as the term Subliminal stimuli that researchers in the first article use in their experiment. This article provides backgrounds of the terms and bugs of procedures, and these are the important references for further researcher to fix and avoid the bugs in their research.


 * I had posted a request for advises on the talk page of Memory Augmentation before I edit the article. However, there was no response until the moment I edited.


 * I already released my editing for Memory Augmentation on its article page. I will monitoring the page for further feedback or new editing from other editors in Wikipedia.

Article 2: Duplex perception

 * This article is a cognitive psychology related article. This article needs introduction to explains the concept in a simpler style. In the talk page of this article, there is a request to simply the existing introduction. I also will improve this article by adding more reliable sources.


 * I found my sources from PsychInfo through EBSCO and ProQuest. The previous editor already provided an introduction of the term. However, it is not clear for readers to understand the term. In mu further editing for this article, I will mainly focus to rewrite the introduction and define the terms which the previous editor mentioned on the article, and list out the which parts of brain involve in this phenomenon.


 * Psychology appropriate citation for references:

1. Ciocca, V., &Bregman, A. S. (1989). The Effects of Auditory Streaming on Duplex Perception. Perception & Psychophysics, 46(1), 39-48. doi:10.3758/BF03208072

In this article, same of the terms which researchers defines are useful terms to explain the Duplex perception phenomenon. For example, what is isolated transition, a word the previous editor has used to explain duplex perception. Many of the terms which the previous editor applied in his/her editing did not provide clear definitions. Base on this issues, I will apply the definition from this research article for my editing to explain those term. Since some Wikipedian mentioned the introduction is not clear, I think terms defining will help readers better understand the phenomenon. Furthermore, this research article also shows how Duplex perception can be weakened through the experiment that conducted by these researchers.

2. Fowler,C. A., Rosenblum, L. D.(1990). Duplex perception: A comparison of monosyllables and slamming doors. Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance 16 (4): 742–754

Since previous researches proposed that Duplex Perception involved both auditory perception and speech perception, this research article mainly focus on the effect of Duplex perception on non- speech sounds. The aim of this study was to determine whether people could obtain duplex perception for sound whose perception could not be ascribed to a specialized module such as the sound of door slamming.


 * I have posted a request for editing the article on the talk page, and released my new edition on the talk page of the article.


 * I will monitor the page to receive further advises and feedbacks.

Article 3: Conflict Procedure

 * This article is within the scope of WikiProject Psychology, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Psychology on Wikipedia.This article is a Stub- class on the project's quality scale. There is only a brief definition for the term from the previous editor. The article does not cite any references or sources. I think this article should not only use one simple sentence to explain the term. The article should provide information about how the conflict procedure occur and the purpose of its occurence.


 * For further editing on this article, I have gather research articles through PsychInfo. As I've mentioned that the previous editor did not cite any references, I will improve the article by providing reliable sources, and define the term in detail. I also see the editor "punished/ unpunished responding" on the page. This two terms also from the research article that I found on PsychInfo.

1.Beaufour, C. C., Ballon, N., Le Bihan, C., Hamon, M., & Thiébot, M. (1999). Effects of chronic antidepressants in an operant conflict procedure of anxiety in the rat. Pharmacology, Biochemistry And Behavior, 62(4), 591-599. doi:10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00180-4
 * Psychology appropriate citation for references:

The aim of the study was to reveal possible anxiolytic like effects of antidepressants on chronic administration in rats subject to a conflict procedure during which lever pressing for food was suppressed by a conditioned signal for punishment and contingent electric foot shocks. This article states the procedures and purpose of creating Conflict Procedure by experimental research on rats. This article is where I found the same term which the previous editor used in the current article page. Thus, I think this research article is a good source for my further editing on this topic.

2. Emilien, G., Dinan, T., Lepola, U. M., & Durlach, C. (2002). Laboratory Models of Anxiety. Anxiety Disorders:Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Treatment, PP 249-286.10.1007/978-3-0348-8157-9_9

This is a book about anxiety disorders. In its chapter 9 Laboratory Models of Anxiety, it explain experimental methods to build anxiety on rats as reference for anticipation of drug using to human. I did not use this book as one of my sources for editing the topic, but it provides me information for experimental use method on rat which related to the experiment in the first research article that I use.


 * I have posted a new editing request on the talk page before I edit new information.


 * I will monitor the page Conflict Procedure to receive further advises and feedbacks.

Article 4: Anchor Test

 * This is a Stub of Psychology related article. The previous editor only introduce the term in psychometric field with a basic definition and purpose. I want to explain the term in more detail that relate to psychology.


 * This article is the most difficult one in all the 5 articles that I editing. It's not about the term itself, but the sources. Since this term involve in psychology assessments, it is hard for me to search research articles through PsychInfo and other databases that I was using before. However, after all of the day of researching, I eventually found two of them.


 * Psychology appropriate citation for references:

1. Fox, C.B.(2015). What is An Anchor Test. Wisegeek 2003-2015 Conjecture Corporation. Retrieved from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-anchor-test.htm

This article not only provide the definition of anchor test, it also shows how anchor test apply on psychology assessments. For example, it states that "anchor test is one type of psychological assessment tool to measure an individual's knowledge or cognitive ability by testing the same areas in different ways". Compare to the information that edited by the previous editor, this article focus more on the use in the development of assessment tools.

2. Sinharay, S., Haberman, S., Holland, P. & Lewis, C. (2012). A Note on The Choice of an ANCHOR test in Equating. Educational Testing Service. Retrieved from http://www.ets.org/Media/Research/pdf/RR-12-14.pdf

An expansion of what the previous editor mentioned about "equating" in the article page, this article attempt to find the characteristic of anchor test with optimal item.characteristics.The correlation between the scores on a total test and on an anchor test is maximized with respect to the item parameters for data satisfying several item response theory models.


 * I had posted a request for advises on the talk page of Anchor Test before I edit the article. However, there was no response until the moment I edited.


 * I already released my editing for Anchor Test on its article page. I will monitoring the page for further feedback or new editing from other editors in Wikipedia.

Article 5: Neutral Stimulus

 * When I saw this term in the WikiProject, I did not realized this term had presented in my Learning and Behavior course since we mainly focus on conditional and unconditional stimulus. In the Wiki article page, the previous editor have provided a brief definition about neutral stimulus. However, it was not enough for readers to understand the term. In my opinion, I would like to edit more information relate to psychology experiments, such as the characteristic of neutral in Pavlovian Conditioning/Classical Conditioning.


 * In order to prepare to edit this article, I gather information from a book that explain the Classical Conditioning with whole process in detail, and research article through PsychInfo.


 * Psychology appropriate citation for references:

1. Chance, P.(2014). Learning and Behavior, Seventh Edition. Belmont, CA : Wadsworth Pub. Co. PP 57-94

This book explains the Classical Conditioning in detail. The whole process of how Pavlov train dogs with classical conditioning is important for us to understand the difference between each stimulus. This book also shows how a neutral stimulus become a conditioning stimulus by the process of train the subjects.

2. Carvajal, F., Rubio, S., Serrano, J. M., RiosLago, M., AlvarezLinera, J., Pacheco, L., & Martin, P. (2013). Is a Neutral Expression Also A Neutral Stimulus? A Study With Functional Magnetic Resonance. Experimental Brain Research, 228:467-479. doi: 10.1007/s00221-013-3578-1

The study uses conjunction analyses, indicated that viewing both emotional and neutral faces evokes activity in several similar brain areas indicating a common neural substrate.


 * I have not post anything on talk page so far, but I will do it when all my information is organized.


 * I monitoring the page after I release my editing to receive further advises and feedbacks.

Good Article: Corollaries of the theory of personal constructs

 * In Kelly's book "The Psychology of Personal Constructs (Vols. 1 and 2, 1955)", he assumed that a person's processes are psychologically channelized by the ways in which he anticipates events. This assumption is what Kelly called the “Fundamental Postulate”. Kelly takes an important role in the American psychology history. His contribution to cognitive clinical psychology was remarkable for his personality theory -Personal Construct Theory. The reason for me to create a new article on this topic is that Kelly's Personal Constructs personality theory has a significant impact to clinical behavioral therapy. In Kelly's individual Wikipedia page, the editor have not define all of the 11 corollaries. Therefore, I think that I could expand more information about the corollaries by creating an new article.


 * I have gather many information about Kelly"s personal construct corollaries from different sources. Since the article will be a new one, I will list out all of the corollaries and define them one by one. I know that some of the corollaries in somehow connect or follow with each other. Thus, I will list the corollaries in order as Kelly lists on his book. In some corollaries, I will illustrate example to define the terms.


 * Psychology appropriate citation for references:

1. ''Kelly, G. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton.''

This book is the most important work of Kelly. It contain the whole of Kelly's personality theory and is one of only a few of his works published during his lifetime. To elaborate his theory of personal constructs, Kelly proposed 11 supporting corollaries, all of which can be inferred from his basic postulate. This book provide information about each corollaries in details by stating the similarity and differences between the corollaries. It also shows how the origins of all corollaries effect on personality from examples that Kelly illustrates.

2. ''Feist, J. (2008). Theories of personality (7th ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.''

This is one of the personality theory books from the sources that I gathered. The book introduces many significant psychologists who has propose remarkable personality theories. I use this book as reference for editing this article because it summarizes Kelly's Personal Constructs and illustrate scenarios for each corollaries to define them. It provides another viewpoint for Kelly theory.

3. ''Monte, C. (1999). Beneath the mask: An introduction to theories of personality (6th ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College.''

This is one of the personality theory books from the sources that I gathered. The difference between the other personality book is that "Beneath the mask" use lots of quotations from Kelly's original book- The psychology of personal constructs.


 * I had posted a request for advises on the talk page on George Kelly's Wiki page before I edit the article. However, there was no response until the moment I edited.


 * I already released my editing for Corollaries of the theory of personal constructs by creating a new article page. I will monitoring the page for further feedback or new editing from other editors in Wikipedia.