User:Miraclexix/NTP

Old Testament (Tanakh)



 * Documentary hypothesis: proposes that the Pentateuch (the first five books of the Bible) was derived from originally independent, parallel and complete narratives, which were subsequently combined into the current form by a series of redactors (editors). The number of these narratives is usually set at four, but the precise number is not an essential part of the hypothesis. Sources: Jahwist (J), Elohist (E), Deuteronomist (D), Priestly (P).


 * Dead Sea Scrolls: text dating 150 BCE - 70 CE; some are "the earliest known surviving copies of Hebrew Bible and extra-biblical documents and preserve evidence of great diversity in late Second Temple Judaism" . Found 1947-1956. Written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek on parchment and some on papyrus.
 * Carbon dating the Dead Sea Scrolls: 14C, 2σ (95% confidence); a few docs are around 3rd c. BCE.