User:Mitchcarlson20/sandbox

{Infobox disease Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet improves cardiovascular outcomes.[44] This may be by "about 30 percent" in those at high risk.[45] There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure).[46] In clinical trials the DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure,[47] lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [48] and improve metabolic syndrome;[49] but the long term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned.[50] A study has also shown that the Paleolithic diet also decreases the risk for heart disease Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor.[51] A diet high in trans fatty acids however does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease.[51][52] Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat.[53] There however are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature.[54][55] A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat.[56] A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk.[53] Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk.[57][58] Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest[51][59] however supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear have an effect.[60] The effect of a low salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal tensive people is small if present.[61] Additionally, the review suggested a low salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure.[61] However, the review was criticized particularly for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low salt and water levels due to diuretics.[62] When this study is left out the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit.[62][63] Another review of dietary salt[64] concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happens both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms.[64][65] Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increased cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes and left-ventricular hypertrophy.[64] Along with high salt intake, large amounts of fat dairy intake is associated with high risk of heart disease. Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages increase the chance of heart disease in women ==References==