User:Mkill/bibliography Japan

Source: Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Japan / Bibliography

(Public Domain)

General dictionaries and Encyclopaedias
see also: Japanese encyclopedias and Japanese dictionaries


 * Dictionary of Sources of Classical Japan
 * Encyclopedia Nipponica
 * Heibonsha World Encyclopedia
 * Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan
 * Kojien
 * Kokushi Daijiten
 * Kokusho somokuroku
 * Nihon Kingendaishi Jiten
 * Nihon kokugo daijiten
 * Nippo Jisho
 * Nichigai WHO

History
Arnesen, Peter Judd. The Medieval Japanese Daimyo. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970.

Association of Japanese Geographers. Geography of Japan. Tokyo: Teikoku-Shoin, 1980.

Baerwald, Hans H., and Akira Hashimoto. "Japan in 1982: Doing Nothing Is Best?" Asian Survey, 23, No. 1, January 1983, 53–61.

Banno, Junji. The Establishment of the Japanese Constitutional System. (Trans., J.A.A. Stockwin.) (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series.) London: Routledge, 1992.

Beasley W.G. Japanese Imperialism, 1874-1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987.

Beasley W.G. The Meiji Restoration. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972.

Beasley W.G. The Modern History of Japan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Beasley, W.G. (ed.). Modern Japan: Aspects of History, Literature, and Society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.

Berry, Mary Elizabeth. The Culture of Civil War in Kyoto. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

Berry, Mary Elizabeth. Hideyoshi. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984–86.

Bito Masahide, and Watanabe Akio. A Chronological Outline of Japanese History. Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information, n.d.

Borton, Hugh. Japan's Modern Century. New York: Ronald Press, 1955.

Boxer, Charles R. The Christian Century in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.

Brownlee, John S. Political Thought in Japanese Historical Writing: From Kojiki (712) to Tokushi Yoron (1712). Toronto: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1991.

Collcutt, Martin, Marius B. Jansen, and Isao Kumakura. Cultural Atlas of Japan. New York: Facts on File, 1988.

Connaughton, Richard M. The War of the Rising Sun and Tumbling Bear: A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War, 1904-05. London: Routledge, 1988.

Conroy, Hilary, Sandra T.W. Davis, and Wayne Patterson (eds.). Japan in Transition: Thought and Action in the Meiji Era. Rutherford, New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1984.

Cooper, Michael (ed.). They Came to Japan: An Anthology of European Reports on Japan, 1543-1640. (Center for Japanese and Korean Studies.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1965.

Coox, Alvin D. Nomonhan: Japan Against Russia, 1939. (2 vols.) Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1985.

Craig, William. The Fall of Japan. New York: Dell, 1967. Crump, John. Hatta Shuzo and Pure Anarchism in Interwar Japan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.

Davis, Sandra T.W. ''Intellectual Change and Political Development in Early Modern Japan: Ono Azusa, A Case Study''. Rutherford, New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1980.

Dower, John W. Japanese History and Culture from Ancient to Modern Times: Seven Basic Bibliographies. New York: Wiener, 1986.

Duus, Peter. Feudalism in Japan. (Studies in World Civilization Series.) New York: Knopf, 1969.

Duus, Peter. The Rise of Modern Japan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1976.

Duus, Peter (ed.). The Cambridge History of Japan, 6: The Twentieth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

Duus, Peter, Ramon H. Meyers, and Mark R. Peattie (eds.). The Japanese Informal Empire in China, 1895-1937. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Earle, Joe. An Introduction to Japanese Prints. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1980.

Elisseeff, Vadime. Japan. (Trans., James Hogarth.) (Ancient Civilizations Series.) London: Barrie and Jenkins, 1974.

Embree, Ainslie T. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Asian History. (4 vols.) New York: Scribner's in association with The Asian Society, 1988.

Eto Shinkichi, and Marius B. Jansen (trans. and eds.). My Thirty-Three Years' Dream: The Autobiography of Miyazaki Toten. (Princeton Library of Asian Translations Series.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.

Farnsworth, Lee W. "Japan in 1980: The Conservative Resurgence," Asian Survey, 21, No. 1, January 1981, 70–83.

Farnsworth, Lee W. "Japan in 1981: Meeting the Challenges," Asian Survey, 22, No. 1, January 1982, 56–68.

Farris, William Wayne. Heavenly Warriors: The Evolution of Japan's Military, 500-1300. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, No. 157.) Cambridge: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1993.

Fletcher, William Miles, III. The Search for a New Order: Intellectuals and Fascism in Prewar Japan. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982.

Fukuda, Naomi (ed.). Japanese History: A Guide to Survey Histories. (2 vols.) Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan, 1984–86.

Fukui, Haruhiro. "Japan in 1987: An Eventful Year," Asian Survey, 28, No. 1, January 1987, 23–34.

Giffard, Sidney. Japan among the Powers, 1880-1990. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.

Goldsmith, Raymond W. The Financial Development of Japan, 1868-1975. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983.

Gordon, Andrew (ed.). Postwar Japan as History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

The Gossamer Years (Kagero Nikki): The Diary of a Noblewoman of Heian Japan. (Trans., Edward G. Seidensticker.) (UNESCO Collection of Representative Works, Japanese Series.) Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1964.

Grossburg, Kenneth Alan. Japan's Renaissance: The Politics of the Muromachi Bakufu. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981.

Hall, John Whitney. Japan: From Prehistory to Modern Times. New York: Delacourt Press, 1970.

Hall, John Whitney. Japanese History: A Guide to Japanese Reference and Research Materials. Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan, 1954.

Hall, John Whitney, and Marius B. Jansen (eds.). Studies in the Institutional History of Early Modern Japan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.

Hall, John Whitney, and James L. McClain (eds.). The Cambridge History of Japan, 4: Early Modern Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Hall, John Whitney, and Jeffrey P. Mass (eds.). Medieval Japan: Essays in Institutional History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974.

Hall, John Whitney, Nagahara Keiji, and Kozo Yamamura (eds.). Japan Before Tokugawa: Political Consolidation and Economic Growth, 1500 to 1650. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981.

Hanley, Susan B., and Kozo Yamamura. Economic and Demographic Change in Preindustrial Japan, 1600-1868. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.

Harada, Jiro. A Glimpse of Japanese Ideals: Lectures on Japanese Art and Culture. Tokyo: Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai (Society for International Cultural Relations), 1937.

Hsü, Immanuel C.Y. The Rise of Modern China. (4th ed.) New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Hunter, Janet (comp.). Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.

Iriye, Akira. After Imperialism: The Search for a New Order in the Far East, 1921-1931. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965.

Iriye, Akira, and Warren I. Cohen (eds.). The United States and Japan in the Postwar World. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1989.

Irokawa Daikichi. The Culture of the Meiji Period. (Trans., Marius B. Jansen.) (Princeton Library of Asian Translations Series.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Iwao, Seiichi (ed.). Biographical Dictionary of Japanese History. (Trans., Burton Watson.) Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information, 1978.

Iwata, Mazakazu. Okubo Toshimichi: The Bismarck of Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964.

Jain, Rajendra Kumar. The USSR and Japan, 1945-1980. Atlantic Heights, New Jersey: Humanities Press, 1981.

Jansen, Marius B. China in the Tokugawa World. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.

Jansen, Marius B. "Japan." Pages 185–200 in Ainslie T. Embree (ed.), Encyclopedia of Asian History, 2. New York: Scribner's in association with The Asia Society, 1988.

Jansen, Marius B. Sakamoto Ryoma and the Meiji Restoration. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961.

Jansen, Marius B. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Japan, 5: The Nineteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Jansen, Marius B., and Gilbert Rozman. Japan in Transition: From Tokugawa to Meiji. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Japan Foundation. Catalogue of Books in English on Japan, 1945-81. Tokyo: 1986.

Japan Foundation. An Introductory Bibliography for Japanese Studies. (4 vols.) Tokyo: 1975–82.

Jefferson, Roland M., and Alan E. Fusonie. The Japanese Flowering Cherry Trees of Washington, D.C.: A Living Symbol of Friendship. (National Arboretum Contribution No. 4.) Washington: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, December 1977.

Kajima Morinosuke. The Diplomacy of Japan, 1894-1922. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kajima Institute of International Peace, 1976.

Keene, Donald. The Japanese Discovery of Europe, 1720-1830. (Rev. ed.) Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1969.

Kidder, Edward. Ancient Japan. (The Making of the Past Series.) Oxford: Elsevier-Phaidon, 1977.

Kitahara, Michio. Children of the Sun: The Japanese and the Outside World. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Kojiki. (Trans., Donald L. Philippi.) Princeton: Princeton University Press and Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1969.

Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai. K.B.S. Bibliography of Standard Reference Books for Japanese Studies, with Descriptive Notes. (Rev. ed.) Tokyo: Japan Cultural Society, 1971.

Krauss, Ellis S. "Japan in 1983: Altering the Status Quo?" Asian Survey, 24, No. 1, January 1984, 81–99.

Lebra, Joyce C. Okuma Shigenobu: Statesman of Meiji Japan. Canberra: Australian National Press, 1973.

Mass, Jeffrey P. Antiquity and Anachronism in Japanese History. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992.

Mass, Jeffrey P. The Development of Kamakura Rule, 1180-1220: A History with Documents. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1979.

Maki, John M. Government and Politics in Japan: The Road to Democracy. New York: Praeger, 1962.

Maswood, Syed Javed. Japan and Protection: The Growth of Protectionist Sentiment and the Japanese Response. London: Routledge, 1989.

Morris, Ivan. The Nobility of Failure: Tragic Heroes in the History of Japan. London: Secker and Warburg, 1976.

Morris, Ivan. The World of the Shining Prince: Court Life in Ancient Japan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964.

Morton, W. Scott. Japan: Its History and Culture. (3d ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

Munro, Neil Gordon. Prehistoric Japan. Yokohama: 1911.

Murasaki Shikibu. The Tale of Genji. (Trans. and ed., Edward G. Seidensticker.) New York: Knopf, 1976.

Murdoch, James. A History of Japan. (3 vols., 6 pts.) New York: Ungar, 1964.

Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697. (Trans., W.G. Aston.) London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1896.

Nish, Ian. Japanese Foreign Policy, 1869-1942: Kasumigaseki to Miyakezaka. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1977.

Nish, Ian. Japan's Struggle with Internationalism: Japan, China and the League of Nations, 1931-3. London: Kegan Paul, 1993.

Norman, E. Herbert. Origins of the Modern Japanese State. New York: Pantheon Books, 1975.

Numata, Jiro. Western Learning: A Short History of the Study of Western Science in Early Modern Japan. Tokyo: Japan-Netherlands Institute, 1992.

Oei, Lee T. "Japan's Annexation of Korea (1868-1910): An Exposition and Analysis of Japanese Perspectives," American Asian Review, 7, No. 3, Fall 1989, 49–98.

Oka, Yoshitake. Konoe Fumimaro: A Political Biography. (Trans., Shumpei Okamoto and Patricia Murray.) Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1983.

Oliver, Robert T. "Meiji Japan: A Transformation Planned and Guided." Pages 26–53 in Robert T. Oliver (ed.), Leadership in Asia: Persuasive Communication in the Making of Nations, 1850-1950. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1989.

Packard, Jerrold M. Sons of Heaven: A Portrait of the Japanese Monarchy. New York: Scribner's, 1987.

Pape, Robert A. "Why Japan Surrendered," International Security, 18, No. 2, Fall 1993, 154–201.

Papinot, Edmond. Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. Yokohama: Kelly and Walsh, 1910.

Pearson, Richard (ed.). Ancient Japan. Washington: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, 1992.

Perkins, Dorthy. Encyclopedia of Japan: Japanese History and Culture, from Abacus to Zori. New York: Facts on File, 1991.

Pharr, Susan J., and Kishima Takako. "Japan in 1986: A Landmark Year for the LDP," Asian Survey, 27, No. 1, January 1987, 23–34.

The Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon. (Trans. and ed., Ivan Morris.) (2 vols.) London: Oxford University Press, 1967.

Pittau, Joseph. Political Thought in Early Meiji Japan, 1868-1889. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967.

Prange, Gordon W. At Dawn We Slept: The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981.

Reischauer, Edwin O. Japan: The Story of a Nation. (Rev. ed.) New York: Knopf, 1974.

Reischauer, Edwin O. The Japanese Today: Continuity and Change. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1988.

Reischauer, Edwin O., and Albert M. Craig. Japan: Tradition and Transformation. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978.

Runkle, Scott F. An Introduction to Japanese History. Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information, 1976.

Sansom, George B. A History of Japan to 1334. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1958.

Sansom, George B. A History of Japan, 1334-1615. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1961.

Sansom, George B. A History of Japan, 1615-1867. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1963.

Sato, Seizaburo, et al. The Policy Recommendations on the "Strengthening of the U.N. Peace Function and Japan's Role." Tokyo: Japan Forum on International Relations, October 1992.

Scalapino, Robert A. Democracy and the Party Movement in Prewar Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1953.

Schuhmacher, Stephan, and Gert Woerner (eds.). The Encyclopedia of Eastern Philosophy and Religion. Boston: Shambhala, 1989.

Senda Minoru. "Territorial Possession in Ancient Japan: The Real and the Perceived." Pages 101–20 in Association of Japanese Geographers, Geography of Japan. Tokyo: Teikoku-Shoin, 1980.

Shillony, Ben-Ami. Politics and Culture in Wartime Japan. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981.

Shinoda, Minoru. The Founding of the Kamakura Shogunate, 1180-1185: With Selected Translations from the Azuma Kagami. New York: Columbia University Press, 1960.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Storry, Richard. A History of Modern Japan. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1960.

Suzuki, Daisetz T. Zen and Japanese Culture. (Bollingen Series, No. 64.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959.

Takashige Susuma. "The System of Space in the Medieval Period." Pages 121–45 in Association of Japanese Geographers (ed.), Geography of Japan. Tokyo: Teikoku-Shoin, 1980.

Tanaka Migaku. "Prehistoric Melting Pot," Look Japan [Tokyo], 35, No. 402, September 1989, 32.

Tasker, Peter. The Japanese: A Major Exploration of Modern Japan. New York: Dutton, 1987.

Thayer, Nathaniel B. "Japan in 1984: The Nakasone Era Continues," Asian Survey, 25, No. 1, January 1985, 51–64.

Tiedemann, Arthur E. Modern Japan: A Brief History. Huntington, New York: Krieger, 1980.

Tiedemann, Arthur E. (ed.). An Introduction to Japanese Civilization. Lexington, Massachusetts: D.C. Heath, 1974.

Totman, Conrad. Collapse of the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1862-1868. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1980.

Totman, Conrad. Early Modern Japan. (Philip E. Lilienthal Book.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

Totman, Conrad. Japan Before Perry: A Short History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

Tsuda, Noritake. Handbook of Japanese Art. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1976.

Tsunoda, Ryusaku, Wm. Theodore de Bary, and Donald Keene (comps.). Sources of Japanese Tradition. (Records of Civilization, Sources, and Studies.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1958.

Umegaki, Michio. After the Restoration: The Beginning of Japan's Modern State. New York: New York University Press, 1988.

United States. Library of Congress. Asian Division. Japanese Section. "The Japanese Collection." (Pamphlet.) Washington: December 1989.

Varley, H. Paul. Imperial Restoration in Medieval Japan. (Studies of the East Asian Institute.) New York: Columbia University, 1971.

Varley, H. Paul. A Syllabus of Japanese Civilization. (2d ed.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1972.

Wakabayashi, Bob Tadashi. Anti-Foreignism and Western Learning in Early-Modern Japan: The "New Theses" of 1825. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, No. 126.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986.

Ward, Robert E. (ed.). Political Development in Modern Japan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.

Ward, Robert E., and Frank Joseph Shulman. The Allied Occupation of Japan, 1945-1952: An Annotated Bibliography of Western Language Materials. Chicago: American Library Association, 1974. Reprint. Tokyo: Nihon Tosho Center, 1990.

Wilson, George M. Patriots and Redeemers in Japan: Motives in the Meiji Restoration. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Wray, Harry, and Hilary Conroy. Japan Examined: Perspectives on Modern Japanese History. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1983.

Yamamura, Kozo (ed.). The Cambridge History of Japan, 3: Medieval Japan. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Yoshihashi, Takehiko. Conspiracy at Mukden: The Rise of the Japanese Military. (Yale Studies in Political Science Series, No. 9.) New Haven: Yale University Press, 1963.

Society
Anderson, Stephen J. Welfare Police and Politics in Japan: Beyond the Development State. New York: Paragon House, 1993.

Aronson, Bruce. "Compensation of Pollution-Related Health Damage in Japan," Social Science and Medicine [Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom], 27, No. 10, 1988, 1043–52.

Asano, Hitoshi, and Chizuru Saito. "Social Service Delivery and Social Work Practice for Japanese Elders," Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 12, Nos. 1–2, 1989, 131–52.

Ashihara Yoshinobu. The Hidden Order: Tokyo Through the Twentieth Century. (Trans. and adapt., Lynne E. Riggs.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1988.

Association of Japanese Geographers (ed.). Geography of Japan. Tokyo: Teikoku-Shoin, 1980.

Austin, Lewis (ed.). Japan: The Paradox of Progress. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976

Bachnik, Jane M. "Family, Self, and Society in Modern Japan." (Unpublished paper.) n.d.

Bachnik, Jane M. "The Japanese Ie: An Organization of Self and Society." (Unpublished paper.) n.d.

Bachnik, Jane M. "Recruitment Strategies for Household Succession: Rethinking Japanese Household Organization," Man [London], 18, No. 1, 1983, 160–82.

Barrett, Brendan F.D., and Riki Therival. Environmental Policy and Impact Assessment in Japan. (Routledge Natural Environment--Problems and Management Series.) London: Routledge, 1991.

Barshay, Andrew E. State and Intellectual in Imperial Japan: The Public Man in Crisis. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.

Befu, Harumi. Japan: An Anthropological Introduction. San Francisco: Chandler, 1971.

Bellah, Robert N. Tokugawa Religion: The Values of Pre-industrial Japan. Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press, 1957.

Benedict, Ruth. The Chrysanthemum and the Sword. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1946.

Bernstein, Gail Lee. Haruko's World: A Japanese Farm Woman and Her Community. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1983.

Bernstein, Gail Lee (ed.). Recreating Japanese Women, 1600-1945. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.

Bestor, Theodore C. Neighborhood Tokyo. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984–86.

Blacker, Carmen. The Catalpa Bow: A Study of Shamanistic Practices in Japan. Boston: Allen and Unwin, 1986.

Buruma, Ian. Behind the Mask: On Sexual Demons, Sacred Mothers, Transvestites, Gangsters, Drifters, and Other Japanese Cultural Heroes. New York: Pantheon Books, 1984.

Campbell, John Creighton. How Policies Change: The Japanese Government and the Aging Society. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.

Caudill, William, and Helen Weinstein. "Maternal Care and Infant Behavior in Japan and America," Psychiatry, 32, No. 1, February 1969, 12–43.

Christopher, Robert C. The Japanese Mind. New York: Linden Press with Simon and Schuster, 1983.

Clark, Rodney. The Japanese Company. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.

Cole, Robert E. Japanese Blue Collar: The Changing Tradition. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971.

Coleman, Samuel. Family Planning in Japanese Society: Traditional Birth Control in a Modern Urban Culture. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983.

Collcutt, Martin, Marius B. Jansen, and Isao Kumakura. Cultural Atlas of Japan. New York: Facts on File, 1988.

Cook, Alice H., and Hiroko Hayoshi. Working Women in Japan: Discrimination, Resistance, and Reform. Ithaca: New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, 1980.

Craig, Albert M., and Donald Shively (eds.). Personality in Japanese History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

Crome, Peter. "Japan Cleans Up," World Press Review, 31, No. 6, June 1984, 58.

Dalby, Liza Crihfield. Geisha. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.

Davis, Winston. Dojo: Exorcism and Miracles in Modern Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1980.

DeVos, George A. "Dimensions of Self in Japanese Culture." Pages 141–84 in Anthony J. Marsella, George A. DeVos, and Francis K. Hsu (eds.), Culture and Self: Asian and Western Perspectives. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Dobbins, James. Jodo Shinshu: Shin Buddhism in Medieval Japan. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.

Doi Takeo. The Anatomy of Dependence. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1973.

Doi Takeo. The Anatomy of Self: The Individual in Japanese Society. New York: Kodansha, 1986.

Dore, Ronald P. City Life in Japan: A Study of a Tokyo Ward. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1958.

Earhart, H. Byron. Gedatsu-kai and Religion in Contemporary Japan: Returning to the Center. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.

Earhart, H. Byron. "Japanese New Religions." Pages 53–73 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Earhart, H. Byron. Japanese Religion: Unity and Diversity. (3d ed.) Belmont, California: Wadsworth, 1982.

Edwards, Walter. Modern Japan Through Its Weddings: Gender, Person, and Society in Ritual Portrayal. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Fallows, Deborah. "Japanese Women," National Geographic, 177, No. 4, April 1990, 52–83.

Fields, George. From Bonsai to Levi's: When West Meets East, An Insider's Surprising Account of How the Japanese Live. New York: New American Library, 1985.

Fruin, Mark. Kikkoman: Company, Clan, and Community. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1983.

Fujie, Linda. "Popular Music." Pages 197–220 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Fujii, Masao. "Maintenance and Change in Japanese Traditional Funerals and Death-Related Behavior," Japanese Journal of Religious Studies, 10, No. 1, March 1983, 39–64.

Gluck, Carol. Japan's Modern Myths: Ideology in the Late Meiji Period. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Goodman, Roger, and Kirsten Refsing (eds.). Ideology and Practice in Modern Japan. (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series.) London: Routledge, 1992.

Groth, Alexander J., and Larry L. Wade (eds.). Public Policy Across Nations: Social Welfare in Industrial Settings. Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press, 1985.

Guthrie, Stewart. A Japanese New Religion: Risho Koseikai in a Mountain Hamlet. (Michigan Monograph Series in Japan Studies, No. 1.) Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan, 1988.

Hamabata, Matt. Crested Kimono: Power and Love in the Japanese Business Family. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.

Hammel, E.A. "A Glimpse into the Demography of the Ainu," American Anthropologist, 90, No. 1, March 1988, 25–41.

Hane, Mikiso. Peasants, Rebels, and Outcastes: The Underside of Modern Japan. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982.

Hardacre, Helen. Kurozumikyo and the New Religions of Japan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Hardacre, Helen. Lay Buddhism in Contemporary Japan: Reiyukai. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.

Hardacre, Helen. Shinto and the State, 1868-1988. (Studies in Church and State Series.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Hase, Toshio. "Japan's Growing Environmental Movement," Environment, 23, No. 2, March 1981, 14–20, 34–36.

Hendry, Joy. Becoming Japanese: The World of the Pre-School Child. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986.

Hendry, Joy. Marriage in Changing Japan. London: Croom Helm, 1981.

Hendry, Joy. Understanding Japanese Society. New York: Croom Helm, 1987.

Hisako Hirota. "Japanese Women Today." (Pamphlet.) Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information, n.d.

Hodge, Robert W., and Naohiro Ogawa. Fertility Change in Contemporary Japan. (Population and Development Series.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

Hori Ichiro, Ikuda Fujio, Wakimoto Tsuneya, and Yanagawa Keiichi (eds.). Japanese Religion: A Survey by the Agency for Cultural Affairs. (Trans., Yoshiya Abe and David Reid.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1972.

Imamura, Anne E. Urban Japanese Housewives: At Home and in the Community. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.

International Society for Educational Information. Facts about Japan: Religion. Tokyo: n.d.

International Society for Educational Information. Facts about Japan: Sports. Tokyo: n.d.

Irokawa Daikichi. The Culture of the Meiji Period. (Trans., Marius B. Jansen.) (Princeton Library of Asian Translations Series.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Irokawa Daikichi. "Popular Movements in Modern Japanese History." Pages 69–86 in Gavan McCormack and Yoshio Sugimoto (eds.), The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

Iwai, Noriko, and Susan O. Long. "Interpreting Differences in Japanese and American Husband-Wife Relationships." (Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of Association for Asian Studies, Chicago, April 1990.) Chicago: 1990.

Jansen, Marius B., and Gilbert Rozman. Japan in Transition: From Tokugawa to Meiji. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Japan. Environment Agency. Foreign Press Center White Paper on the Environment, 1989. Tokyo: May 1989.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Showa 63 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1988). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1989.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Heisei 4 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1992). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1992.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Shukyo nenkan, Heisei 3 (Religion Yearbook, 1991). Tokyo: 1991.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Shukyo nenkan, Heisei 4 (Religion Yearbook, 1992). Tokyo: 1992.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Shukyo nenkan, Showa 63 (Religion Yearbook, 1988). Tokyo: Kyosei, 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Finance. Seron Chosa Nenkan, Showa 63 Nenpo (Public Opinion Survey Yearbook, 1989). Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Annual Report on Health and Welfare for 1983: The Trend of a New Era and Social Security. Tokyo: October 1983.

Japan. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Foreign Press Center, Fiscal 1986: Report on Health and Welfare Administration. Tokyo: June 1987.

Japan. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Foreign Press Center Outline of 1983: Basic Survey on Health and Welfare Administration. Tokyo: February 1984.

Japan. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Foreign Press Center White Paper on Health and Welfare, 1987. Tokyo: February 1988.

Japan. Office of the Prime Minister. Foreign Press Center Outline of the Results of the Third International Survey of Youth. Tokyo: April 1984.

Japan. Office of the Prime Minister. Foreign Press Center Public Opinion Survey on Perception of Life. Tokyo: August 1984.

Japan. Office of the Prime Minister. Foreign Press Center Public Opinion Survey on the Family and the Home. Tokyo: January 1987.

Japan. Office of the Prime Minister. Foreign Press Center Public Opinion Survey on the Life of the Nation. Tokyo: December 1988.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

"Japanese, American Approaches Differ on Aging, Long-Term Care," JEI Report, No. 14A, April 10, 1992, 1–18.

Jeremy, Michael, and M.E. Robinson. Ceremony and Symbolism in the Japanese Home. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1989.

Kalland, Arne. Shingu: A Japanese Fishing Community. (Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies, Monograph Series, No. 44.) London: Curzon Press, 1981.

Keifer, Christie W. "The Sanchi Zoku and the Evolution of the Metropolitan Mind." Pages 279–300 in Lewis Austin (ed.), Japan: The Paradox of Progress. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976.

Kitagawa, Joseph. Religion in Japanese History. New York: Columbia University Press, 1966.

Knight, Richard V., and Gary Gappert (eds.). Cities in a Global Society (Urban Affairs Annual Reviews, No. 35.) Newbury Park, California: Sage, 1989.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Kondo, Dorinne K. Crafting Selves: Power, Gender, and Discourses of Identity in a Japanese Workplace. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.

Krauss, Ellis S., Thomas P. Rohlen, and Patricia G. Steinhoff (eds.). Conflict in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.

Kumagai, Fumie. "Filial Violence: A Peculiar Parent-Child Relationship in the Japanese Family Today," Journal of Comparative Family Studies [Alberta], 12, No. 3, Summer, 1981, 337–50.

Large, Stephen S. Emperor Hirohito and Showa Japan: A Political Biography. (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series.) London: Routledge, 1993.

Lebra, Joyce C., Joy Paulson, and Elizabeth Powers (eds.). Women in Changing Japan. (Westview Special Studies on China and East Asia.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1976.

Lebra, Takie Sugiyama. Japanese Women: Constraint and Fulfillment. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.

Lebra, Takie Sugiyama. "Self-Reconstruction in Japanese Religious Psychotherapy." Pages 269–83 in Anthony J. Marsella and Geoffrey M. White (eds.), Cultural Conceptions of Mental Health and Therapy. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel, 1982.

Lebra, Takie Sugiyama, and William P. Lebra (eds.). Japanese Culture and Behavior: Selected Readings. (Rev. ed.) Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986.

Lent, John A. "Japanese Comics." Pages 221–42 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Lock, Margaret. East Asian Medicine in Urban Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.

Lock, Margaret. "A Nation at Risk: Interpretations of School Refusal in Japan." Pages 377–414 in Margaret Lock and Deborah C. Gordon (eds.), Biomedicine Examined. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, 1988.

Lock, Margaret. "Protests of a Good Wife and Wise Mother: The Medicalization of Distress in Japan." Pages 130–37 in Edward Norbeck and Margaret Lock (eds.), Health, Illness, and Medical Care in Japan: Cultural and Social Dimensions. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.

Lock, Margaret, and Deborah C. Gordon (eds.). Biomedicine Examined. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, 1988.

Long, Susan O. Fame, Fortune and Friends: Constraints and Strategies in the Careers of Japanese Physicians. (Ph.D. dissertation.) Urbana: University of Illinois, 1979.

Long, Susan O. Family Change and the Life Course in Japan. (Cornell University East Asia Papers, 8756–5293, No. 44.) Ithaca: China-Japan Program, Cornell University 1987.

Long, Susan O., and Bruce D. Long. "Curable Cancers and Fatal Ulcers: Attitudes Toward Cancer in Japan," Social Science and Medicine [Exeter, United Kingdom], 16, No. 24, 1982, 2101–8.

Marsella, Anthony J., and Geoffrey M. White (eds.). Cultural Conceptions of Mental Health and Therapy. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel, 1982.

Marsella, Anthony J., George A. DeVos, and Francis K. Hsu (eds.). Culture and Self: Asian and Western Perspectives. London: Tavistock, 1985.

Martin, Linda G. "The Graying of Japan," Population Bulletin, 44, No. 12, July 1989, 1-41.

Masai, Yasuo. "Greater Tokyo as a Global City." Pages 153–63 in Richard V. Knight and Gary Gappert (eds.), Cities in a Global Society. (Urban Affairs Annual Reviews, No. 35.) Newbury Park, California: Sage, 1989.

Matsuzawa, Tessei. "Street Labor Markets, Day Laborers, and the Structure of Opposition." Pages 147–64 in Gavan McCormack and Yoshio Sugimoto (eds.), The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

May, William R. "Sports." Pages 167–95 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

McCormack, Gavan, and Yoshio Sugimoto (eds.). The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

McDonald, Keiko I. "Popular Film." Pages 97–116 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

McKean, Margaret A. Environmental Protest and Citizen Politics in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

Metraux, Daniel A. The History and Theology of Soka Gakkai: A Japanese New Religion. (Studies in Asian Thought and Religion, No. 9.) Lewiston, New York: Mellen Press, 1988.

Miller, Alan S. "Three Reports on Japan and the Global Environment," Environment, 31, No. 6, July-August 1989, 25–29.

Mizuta, Kazuo. The Structures of Everyday Life in Japan in the Last Decade of the Twentieth Century. Lewiston, New York: Mellen, 1993.

Moeran, Brian. "Individual, Group, and Seishin: Japan's Internal Cultural Debate," Man [London], 19, No. 2, 1984, 252–66. (Reprinted in Takie Sugiyama Lebra and William P. Lebra (eds.), Japanese Culture and Behavior: Selected Readings. (Rev. ed.) Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986.).

Moeran, Brian. Lost Innocence: Folk Craft and Potters of Onta, Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.

Moeran, Brian. Okubo Diary: Portrait of a Japanese Valley. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1985.

Moore, Richard. Japanese Agriculture: Patterns of Rural Development. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1990.

Morioka, Kiyomi. "Privatization of Family Life in Japan." Pages 63–74 in Harold W. Stevenson, Hiroshi Azuma, and Kenji Hakuta (eds.), Child Development and Education in Japan. (Books in Psychology Series.) New York: Freeman, 1986.

Morioka, Kiyomi. Religion in Changing Japanese Society. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1975.

Nagashima, Nobuhiro, Masao Yamaguchi, Noboru Miyata, Kazuhiko Komatsu, and Teruo Sekimoto (eds.). "An Anthropological Profile of Japan," Current Anthropology, 28, No. 4, August-October 1987, S1-S91.

Nakane Chie. Japanese Society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

"Native Perspectives of Distance and the Anthropological Perspective of Culture," Anthropological Quarterly, 60, No. 1, 1987, 25–34.

Nikkei Biotechnology (ed.). Biotechnology Guide to Japan, 1990-1991. New York: Stockton Press, 1990.

Nishi, Kazuo, and Kazuo Hozumi. What Is Japanese Architecture? (Trans., H. Mack Horton.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1985.

No, Toshio, and John C. Kimura (eds.). Japan: A Regional Geography of an Island Nation. (2d ed.) Tokyo: Teikoku-Shoin, 1989.

Noguchi, Paul H. ''Delayed Departures, Overdue Arrivals: Industrial Familialism and the Japanese National Railways''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990.

Norbeck, Edward, and Margaret Lock (eds.). Health, Illness, and Medical Care in Japan: Cultural and Social Dimensions. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.

Ohnuki-Tierney, Emiko. Illness and Culture in Contemporary Japan: An Anthropological View. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.

Ohnuki-Tierney, Emiko. The Monkey as Mirror: Symbolistic Transformations in Japanese History and Ritual. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987.

Oshima, Izumi. "Japan Draws a Line," World Press Review, 36, No. 11, November 1989, 18.

Ozawa, Martha N. Women's Life Cycle and Economic Insecurity: Problems and Proposals. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Palmer, Edwina. "The Changing Geography of Japan." Pages 195–219 in Graham P. Chapman and Kathleen M. Baker (eds.), The Changing Geography of Asia. London: Routledge, 1992.

Palmore, Erdman B., and Daisaku Maeda. The Honorable Elders Revisited. (Rev. ed.) Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1985.

Papinot, Edmond. Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. Yokohama: Kelly and Walsh, 1910.

Park, Philip. "Japan Refuses Full Rights to Alien Residents," Christian Century, 107, No. 8, March 7, 1990, 236–37.

Patrick, Hugh T. (ed.). Japanese Industrialization and Its Social Consequences. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

Pelzel, John C. "Human Nature in the Japanese Myths." Pages 29–56 in Albert M. Craig and Donald Shively (eds.), Personality in Japanese History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

Peterson, Michael R., and Larry L. Wade. "Environmental Pollution Policy in Japan: A Public Choice Hypothesis." Pages 71–90 in Alexander J. Groth and Larry L. Wade (eds.), Public Policy Across Nations: Social Welfare in Industrial Settings. Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press, 1985.

Plath, David W. Long Engagements: Maturity in Modern Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1980.

Plath, David W. "Resistance at Forty-eight: Male Pathways into Older Age in Modern Japan." (Paper presented at Luxembourg Conference on Life Course Transitions and Aging, June 1979.)

Plath, David W. (ed.). Work and Lifecourse in Japan. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983.

Plath, David W., and Jacquetta Hill. "The Reefs of Rivalry: Expertness and Competition among Japanese Shellfish Divers," Ethnology, 26, No. 3, July 1987, 151–63.

Population Reference Bureau. World Population Data Sheet, 1989. Washington: 1988.

Powers, Richard Gid, and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.). Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Reader, Ian, Esben Andreasen, and Finn Stefa'sson. Japanese Religions: Past and Present. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1993.

Reid, David. New Wine: The Cultural Shaping of Japanese Christianity. (Nazan Studies in Asian Religions, No. 2.) Berkeley: Asian Humanities Press, 1991.

Reischauer, Edwin O. The Japanese Today: Change and Continuity. Cambridge: Belknap Press Press, 1988.

Robins-Mowry, Dorothy. The Hidden Sun: Women of Modern Japan. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1983.

Rohlen, Thomas P. For Harmony and Strength: Japanese White Collar Organization in Anthropological Perspective. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.

Sakaiya, Taichi. ''What Is Japan? Contradictions and Transformations''. (Trans., Steven Karpa.) New York: Kodansha, 1993.

Sanuki, Toshio. "Changing Fortunes of Occupations in Japan," Japanese Economic Studies [Tokyo], 14, No. 2, Winter 1985–86, 3-29.

Saso, Mary. Women in the Japanese Workplace. London: Hilary Shipman, 1980.

Schuhmacher, Stephan, and Gert Woerner (eds.). The Encyclopedia of Eastern Philosophy and Religion. Boston: Shambhala, 1989.

Sennitt, Andrew G. (ed.). World Radio TV Handbook, 1993, 47. Amsterdam: Billboard, 1993.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Sievers, Sharon L. Flowers in the Salt: The Beginnings of Feminist Consciousness in Modern Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1983.

Smith, Charles. "Coming to Grips: Japan with Soviet Union on Disputed Islands," Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 142, No. 52, December 29, 1988, 14.

Smith, Charles. "Four Bones of Contention: Moscow Recognizes Japan's Northern Islands Problem," Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 141, No. 33, August 18, 1988, 24–25.

Smith, Robert J. Ancestor Worship in Contemporary Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1974.

Smith, Robert J. Japanese Society: Tradition, Self, and the Social Order. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Smith, Robert J. Kurusu: The Price of Progress in a Japanese Village, 1951-1975. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1978.

Smith, Robert J., and Ella Lury Wiswell. The Women of Suye Mura. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.

Sonoda Kyoichi. Health and Illness in Changing Japanese Society. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1988.

Steven, Rob. Classes in Contemporary Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Stevenson, Harold W., Hiroshi Azuma, and Kenji Hakuta (eds.). Child Development and Education in Japan. (Books in Psychology Series.) New York: Freeman, 1986.

Stronach, Bruce. "Japanese Television." Pages 127–65 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Sun, Margaret. "Japan Prodded on the Environment," Science, 241, No. 4862, July 15, 1988, 284.

Suzuki, Daisetz T. Zen and Japanese Culture. (Bollingen Series, No. 64.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959.

Suzuki, Takao. "Language and Behavior in Japan: The Conceptualization of Personal Relations," ''Japan Quarterly'', 23, No. 3, July-September 1976, 255–66. (Reprinted in Takie Sugiyama Lebra and William P. Lebra (eds.), Japanese Culture and Behavior: Selected Readings. (Rev. ed.) Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986.).

Tobin, Joseph J., David Y.H. Hu, and Dana H. Davidson. Preschool in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the United States. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Tsuda, Hideo (ed.). Japan 1990: An International Comparison. (Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs.) Tokyo: Keizai Koho Center, 1990.

Tsuneta Yano Memorial Society. Nihon kokusei tokai, 1992 (Charted Survey of Japan, 1992). Tokyo: 1992.

Tsunoda, Ryusaku, Wm. Theodore de Bary, and Donald Keene (comps.). Sources of Japanese Tradition. (Records of Civilization, Sources, and Studies.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1958.

Vogel, Ezra F. Japan's New Middle Class. (2d ed.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971.

Vogel, Suzanne H. "Professional Housewife: The Career of Urban Middle Class Japanese Women," Japan Interpreter [Tokyo], 12, No. 1, Winter 1978, 16–43.

Wagatsuma, Hiroshi, and George A. DeVos. Heritage of Endurance: Family Patterns and Delinquency Formation in Urban Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.

White, James W. The Demography of Sociopolitical Conflict in Japan, 1721-1846. (Japan Research Monograph, No. 12.) Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1992.

White, James W. The Sokagakkai and Mass Society. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1970.

White, Merry. The Japanese Educational Challenge. New York: Free Press, 1987.

Yoneyama, Toshinao. "Basic Notions in Japanese Social Relations." (Occasional Papers, 1, No. 3.) Richmond, Indiana: Institute for Education on Japan, Earlham College, 1989.

(Various issues of the following publications were also used in the preparation of this chapter: Japan Institute of Labor, Japan Labor Bulletin [Tokyo], 1981–89; Japan Times [Tokyo], 1989–90; Mangajin, 1990; and New York Times, 1987–90.)

Education and arts
Abe, Yoshiya (ed.). Non-University Sector Higher Education in Japan. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publication Series, No. 3.) Hiroshima: RIHE, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Adachi, Barbara Curtis. "Bunraku Basics," ''Japanese-American Society of Washington Bulletin'', 33, No. 8, September 1988, 1–5.

Addiss, Stephen. "The Role of Calligraphy in Japanese Society." Pages 30–37 in ''Words in Motion: Modern Japanese Calligraphy: An Exhibition by the Library of Congress and the Yomiuri Shimbun, June 15, 1984-September 15, 1984''. Tokyo: Yomiuri Shimbun, 1984.

Amano, Ikuo. "Educational Crisis in Japan." Pages 23–43 in William K. Cummings, Edward R. Beauchamp, Shogo Ichikawa, Victor N. Kobayashi, and Morikazu Ushiogi (eds.). ''Educational Policies in Crisis: Japanese and American Perspectives''. (Praeger Special Studies Series in Comparative Education.) New York: Praeger, 1986

Anderson, Ronald S. ''Education in Japan: A Century of Modern Development''. (United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Publication No. 74-19110.) Washington: GPO, 1975.

Anderson, Ronald S. Japan: Three Epochs of Modern Education. (United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bulletin No. 11.) Washington: GPO, 1959.

Aoyama, San'u. "Sho: Artistic, Creative Calligraphy." Pages 26–29 in ''Words in Motion: Modern Japanese Calligraphy: An Exhibition by the Library of Congress and the Yomiyuri Shimbun, June 15, 1984-September 15, 1984''. Tokyo: Yomiuri Shimbun, 1984.

Asahi Shimbun. "Bunkazai, kokogaku, bunkasho" (Cultural Assets, Archaeology, Cultural Prizes). Pages 358–65 in ''Asahi Nenkan, 1989'' (Asahi Yearbook, 1989). Tokyo: Asahi Shimbun, 1989.

Aso, Makoto, and Ikuo Amano. Education and Japan's Modernization. Tokyo: Japan Times, 1983.

August, Robert L. "Yobiko: Prep Schools for College Entrance in Japan." Pages 267-307 in Robert Leestma and Herbert J. Walberg (eds.), ''Japanese Educational Productivity'', (Michigan Papers in Japanese Studies, No. 22.) Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan, 1992.

Barrett, Gregory. Archetypes in Japanese Films. Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania: Susquehana University Press, 1989.

Beauchamp, Edward R. (ed.). Windows on Japanese Education. (Contributions to the Study of Education Series, No. 43.) New York: Greenwood, 1991.

Beauchamp, Edward R., and James M. Vardaman (eds.). ''Japanese Education since 1945: A Documentary Study''. Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1993.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984-86.

Bock, Audie. "Japanese Film Genres." Pages 53-62 in Wimal Dissanayake (ed.), ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Film from Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Bognar, Botond. ''Contemporary Japanese Architecture: Its Development and Challenge''. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985.

Boocock, Sarane Spence. "Controlled Diversity: An Overview of the Japanese Preschool System," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 15, No. 1, Winter 1989, 41-65.

Bornoff, Nick. "Juzo Itami, Film Director: The Gentle Art of Savage Satire," PHP Intersect [Tokyo], 4, No. 7, July 1988, 28-32.

Boxer, Charles R. The Christian Century in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.

Brazell, Karen (ed.). ''Twelve Plays of the Noh and Kyogen Theaters''. (Cornell University East Asia Papers, No. 50.) Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988.

Brisard, Pierre. "Tange Kenzo: A Half Century of Architectural Achievements," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 31, No. 2, April-June 1984, 193.

Brown, Sidney DeVere. "Yasunari Kawabata (1899-1972)," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 375-79.

Carpenter, Juliet Winters. "Tawara Machi: To Create Poetry Is to Live," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 36, No. 2, April-June 1989, 193-99.

Chambers, Gail S., and William K. Cummings. ''Profiting from Education: Japan-United States Educational Ventures in the 1980s''. New York: Institute of International Education, 1990.

Copeland, Rebecca L. "Uno Chiyo: Not Just `A Writer of Illicit Love'," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 35, No. 2, April-June 1988, 176-82.

Cummings, Milton C., Jr., and Richard S. Katz (eds.). ''The Patron States: Government and the Arts in Europe, North America, and Japan''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Cummings, William K. ''The Changing Academic Marketplace and University Reform in Japan''. (Harvard Studies in Sociology.) New York: Garland, 1990.

Cummings, William K., Ikuo Amano, and Kazuyuki Kitamura, (eds.). ''Changes in the Japanese University: A Comparative Perspective''. New York: Praeger, 1979.

Cummings, William K., Edward R. Beauchamp, Shogo Ichikawa, Victor N. Kobayashi, and Morikazi Ushiogi (eds.). ''Educational Policies in Crisis: Japanese and American Perspectives''. (Praeger Special Studies Series in Comparative Education.) New York: Praeger, 1986.

"Daigaku nyushiki senta--Shiken to nyushiki kaikaku" (Center for University Entrance Examination--Examination Entrance Reform), Chuto kyoiku shiryo (Secondary Education Data) [Tokyo], No. 541, September 1988, 75-77.

DeCoker, Gary. "Japanese Preschools: Academic or Nonacademic." Pages 45-58 in James J. Shields (ed.), ''Japanese Schooling: Patterns of Socialization, Equality, and Political Control''. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989.

Desser, David. ''Eros plus Massacre: An Introduction to the Japanese New Wave Cinema''. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.

DeVito, Alfred, and Masakata Ogawa, "A Japanese Education," Science and Children, 26, No. 7, April 1989, 21-23.

Dissanayake, Wimal (ed.). ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Films from Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Dore, Ronald P. Education in Tokugawa Japan. Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan, 1984.

Dore, Ronald P. "The Legacy of Tokugawa Education." Pages 99-131 in Marius B. Jansen (ed.), ''Changing Japanese Attitudes toward Modernization''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969.

Dower, John W. The Elements of Japanese Design: A Handbook of Family Crests, Heraldry, and Symbolism. New York: Walker/Weatherhill, 1971.

Duke, Benjamin. ''The Japanese School: Lessons for Industrial America''. New York: Praeger, 1986.

Duus, Masayo. "Totto-chan: The Little Girl at the Window," Journal of Japanese Studies, 10, No. 1, Winter 1984, 236-40.

Earle, Joe. An Introduction to Japanese Prints. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1980.

Frampton, Kenneth. New Waves of Japanese Architecture. (Catalogue No. 10.) New York: Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies, 1979.

Fujioka Hiroyasu. "The Search for Japanese Architecture in the Modern Ages," Japan Foundation Newsletter [Tokyo], 15, No. 3, December 1987, 1-9.

Gessel, Van C. "Echoes of Feminine Sensibility in Literature," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 35, No. 4, October-December 1988, 410-16.

Gessel, Van C. "Fumiko Enchi as Narrator," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 380-85.

Goff, Janet E. "Performing Noh at the Vatican," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 36, No. 2, April-June 1989, 201-6.

Goldberg, Marilyn. "Recent Trends in Special Education in Tokyo." Pages 176-84 in James J. Shields (ed.), ''Japanese Schooling: Patterns of Socialization, Equality, and Political Control''. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989.

Goodman, David G. ''Japanese Drama and Culture in the 1960s: The Return of the Gods''. Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1988.

Goodman, David G. "Theater in Japan Today," World Literature Today, 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 418-20.

Griffin, Jane T. "Master Ceramics/Creative Prints: Two Characteristic Aspects of Contemporary Japanese Art." (Paper presented at Columbia University Faculty Seminar, May 9, 1980.)

Harada, Jiro. A Glimpse of Japanese Ideals: Lectures on Japanese Art and Culture. Tokyo: Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai (Society for International Cultural Relations), 1937.

Haruna Akira. "Non-Fiction." Pages 37-41 in Isoda Koichi (ed.), A Survey of Japanese Literature. (Trans., Robert N. Huey.) Tokyo: Japan P.E.N. Club, 1984.

Hata, Hiromu. "Kyoiku kaikaku itsukasei" (The Five-Day School Week in the Educational Reform). Pages 138-47 in Kanzen Shukyu Futatsukasei Doyobi o Shakai no Kyujitsu ni Suru Suishin Kaigi (Congress for the Promotion of Saturdays as Holidays and Full Two-Day Weekends) (ed.), Yutori no jidai e (Toward an Era of Leisure). Tokyo: Nihon Hyoronsha, 1989.

Havens, Thomas R.H. ''Artist and Patron in Postwar Japan: Dance, Music, Theatre, and the Visual Arts, 1955-1980''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.

Havens, Thomas R.H. "Government and the Arts in Contemporary Japan." Pages 333-49 in Milton C. Cummings, Jr. and Richard S. Katz (eds.), ''The Patron State: Government and the Arts in Europe, North America, and Japan''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Hawkins, John. "Educational Demands and Institutional Response: Dowa Education in Japan." Pages 194-211 in James J. Shields (ed.), ''Japanese Schooling: Patterns of Socialization, Equality, and Political Control''. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989.

Hayashiya Seizo. ''Japanese Ceramics Today: Masterworks from the Kikachi Collection''. Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1983.

Hendry, Joy. ''Becoming Japanese: The World of the Pre-School Child''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986.

Hinton-Braaten, Kathleen. "Kawai Kanjiro," Orientations [Hong Kong], 14, No. 11, November 1983, 28-41.

Honda, Isao. Monsho: Family Crests for Symbolic Design. Rutland, Vermont: Japan Publications Trading Company, 1963.

Horio Teruhisa. ''Educational Thought and Ideology in Modern Japan''. (Ed. and trans., Steven Platzer.) Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1988.

Hosaka Nobuto. "Gakko itsuka-sei to doyo jiyuhi no ma ni" (Between the Five-Day School Week and Free Saturdays). Pages 126-36 in Kanzen Shukyu Futatsukasei Doyobi o Shakai no Kyujitsu Ni Suru Suishin Kaigi (Congress for the Promotion of Saturdays as Holidays and Full Two-Day Weekends) (ed.), ''Yutori no jidai e'' (Toward an Era of Leisure). Tokyo: Nihon Hyoronsha, 1989.

Hughes, David W. "Japanese Folksong Today: Visits to the Heart's Home Town," Japan Foundation Newsletter [Tokyo], 17, No. 3, January 1990, 9-13.

Iadicola, Peter. "Achieving Excellence, Efficiency, and Equity in Public Education: Lessions from Japan," ''American Asian Review'', 11, No. 3, Fall 1993, 91-33.

Inoue Yasushi. "The Writer's Role in the Nuclear Age," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 31, No. 2, April-June 1984, 126-28.

Inoura Yoshinobu, and Kawatake Toshio. ''The Traditional Theater of Japan''. (The Japan Foundation.) Tokyo: Weatherhill, 1981.

Inui Yoshiaki (ed.). Gendai Togei no Kishu (Standard Bearers and Modern Ceramics). (Gendai Nihon no Tokei Series, No. 4.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1982.

Inumaru Tadshi, and Yoshida Mitsukuni (eds.). ''The Traditional Crafts of Japan''. (8 vol.) Tokyo: Diamond, 1992.

Irokawa Daikichi. The Culture of the Meiji Period. (Trans., Marius B. Jansen.) (Princeton Library of Asian Translations Series.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Isoda Koichi. "The Novel." Pages 7-15 in Isoda Koichi (ed.), Survey of Japanese Literature Today. (Trans., Robert N. Huey.) Tokyo: Japan P.E.N. Club, 1984.

Iwamoto, Yoshio. "Yoshikichi Furui: Exemplar of the `Introverted Generation'," World Literature Today, 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 385-90.

Iwamoto, Yoshio, and Samuel Yoshiko Yokochi. "Introduction to Japanese Writing, 1974-1984," Literary Review, 30, No. 2, Winter 1987, 133-40.

Iwanaga, Masaya. "Finance and Administration in the Non-University Sector." Pages 45-55 in Yoshiya Abe (ed.), ''Non-University Sector Higher Education in Japan''. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publication Series, No. 3.) Hiroshima: RIHE, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Iwanaga, Masaya. "Quantitative Transitions in the Post Secondary Education System." Pages 12-20 in Yoshiya Abe (ed.), ''Non-University Sector Higher Education in Japan''. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publications Series, No. 3.) Hiroshima: RIME, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Izumi Katsuhiko. "Whither the Traditions of Local Pottery?" Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 36, No. 3, July-September 1989, 287-93.

Jagusch, Sybille A. (ed.). ''Japanese Children's Books and Television Today: Papers from a Symposium at the Library of Congress, November 18–19, 1987''. Washington: Library of Congress, 1990.

Jansen, Marius B. (ed.). ''Changing Japanese Attitudes Toward Modernization''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Shawa 63 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1988). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Education in Japan: A Graphic Presentation''. Tokyo: 1982.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Gakko kihon chosa hokokusho, 1989'' (Fundamental School Survey, 1989). Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Gakko kihon chosa hokokusho, 1991'' (Fundamental School Survey, 1991). Tokyo: 1991.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Monbu jiho'' (Education Review) [Tokyo], No. 1353, October 1989, 64.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Monbusho, 1989''. Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Monbusho, 1992''. Tokyo: 1992.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Monbu tokei yoran'' (Statistical Abstract of Education). Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Monbu tokei yoran'' (Statistical Abstract of Education). Tokyo: 1991.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Outline of Education in Japan, 1989. Tokyo: Asian Cultural Centre for UNESCO, 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Shogakko shidosho, dotokuhen'' (Guidebook for Teachers: Elementary School Moral Education). Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. ''Waga kuni no shakai kyoiku'' (Social Education in Japan). Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Cultural Affairs and Administration in Japan, 1988. Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Waga kuni no bunka to bunkagyosei (Japanese Culture and Cultural Policy). Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Higher Education Bureau. University Education Division. "Showa 63-nendo kokko (shi)ritsu daigaku nyushiki senbatsu jisshi jokyo ni tsuite" (The Situation of College Entrance Examinations and Selection in the National, Other Public (and Private) Universities in Japan in 1988), ''Chuto kyoiku shiryo'' (Secondary Education Data) [Tokyo], No. 540, August 1988, 74–77.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Minister's Secretariat. Research and Statistics Division. ''Statistical Abstract of Education, Science and Culture''. Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Minister's Secretariat. Research, Statistics, and Planning Division. Education in Japan, 1989. Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Minister's Secretariat. Research, Statistics, and Planning Division. Heisei 3 nendo, gakko kihon chosa hokokusho (Fundamental School Survey, 1991). Tokyo: 1991.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Minister's Secretariat. Statistics Bureau. ''Showa 60-nen jido, seito gakkogai gakushu katsudo'' (1985 Survey of Students' Out-of-School Learning Activities). Tokyo: 1986.

Japan. Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Special Education Division. Elementary and Secondary Education Bureau. Special Education in Japan. Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. National Public Safety Commission. National Police Agency. (Untitled advertisement warning youth to stay away from drugs.) Shukan Asahi [Tokyo], July 22, 1988, 54.

Japan. Secretariat of the Prime Minister. Public Information Department. Shuki nyugaku ni kansuru seron chosa (Public Opinion on Autumn School Entrance). Tokyo: 1988.

Japan Cultural and Trade Center. "Noh and Kyogen Lecture and Demonstration." Tokyo, April 10, 1988, 8 pp.

Japan Education Yearbook Publishing Committee. ''Nihon kyoiku nenkan, 1992'' (Japan Education Yearbook, 1992). Tokyo: 1992.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Jerome, Marty. "TRONs Global Net," PC Computing, 2, No. 12, December 1989, 178.

Kami Shoichiro. "Children's Literature." Pages 31–36 in Isoda Koichi (ed.), A Survey of Japanese Literature. (Trans., Robert N. Huey.) Tokyo: Japan P.E.N. Club, 1984.

Kaneko Motohisa. Financing Higher Education in Japan. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publications Series, No. 4.) Hiroshima: RIHE, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Kaneko Motohisa. "The Role of Government in Japanese Higher Education: Issues and Prospects." Pages 21–38 in ''The Role of Government in Asian Higher Education Systems: Issues and Prospects, Reports from the Fourth International Seminar on Higher Education in Asia''. Hiroshima: Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University, 1988.

Kaneko Motohisa (comp.). Koto kyoiku tokei de-tashu (Higher Education Statistical Data Collection). Hiroshima: Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Kanzen Shukyu Futatsukasei Doyobi o Shakai no Kyujitsu ni Suru Suishin Kaigi (Congress for the Promotion of Saturdays as Holidays and Full Two-Day Weekends) (ed.). ''Yutori no jidai e'' (Toward an Era of Leisure). Tokyo: Nihon Hyoronsha, 1989.

Kawamoto Saburo. New Trends in Japanese Cinema. (Orientation Seminars on Japan, No. 21.), Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1986.

Keene, Donald. The Pleasures of Japanese Literature. (Companions to Asian Studies Series.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.

Keene, Donald. ''World Within Walls: Japanese Literature of the Pre-modern Era, 1600-1867''. New York: Grove Press, 1978.

Keene, Donald (ed.). Anthology of Japanese Literature. New York: Grove Press, 1960.

Keene, Donald. Modern Japanese Literature. New York: Grove Press, 1960.

Kida Hiroshi. School Lunch Programme in Japan. (Occasional Papers, No. 2.). Tokyo: National Institute for Educational Research, 1982.

Kishibe Shigeo. The Traditional Music of Japan. Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1982.

Kitamura, Kazuyuki. "Decline and Reform of Education in Japan: A Comparative Perspective." Pages 153–70 in William K. Cummings, Edward R. Beauchamp, Shogo Ichikawa, Victor N. Kobayashi, and Morikazi Ushiogi (eds.), Educational Policies in Crisis. (Praeger Special Studies Series in Comparative Education.) New York: Praeger, 1986.

Kitamura, Kazuyuki. "The Structure of the Post Secondary Education System." Pages 20–25 in Yoshiya Abe (ed.), ''Non-University Sector Higher Education in Japan''. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publication Series, No. 3.) Hiroshima: RIHE, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Kitamura, Kazuyuki, and Ryoichi Kuroha. "The Present Status of Higher Education." Pages 1–11 in Yoshiya Abe (ed.), Non-University Sector Higher Education in Japan. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publication Series, No. 3.) Hiroshima: RIHE, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Kobayashi, Tetsuya. "The Internationalization of Japanese Education," Comparative Education [Oxford], 22, No. 1, 1986, 65–71.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Kodansha Staff (eds.). Contemporary Japanese Prints. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1989.

Kokuritsu Daigaku Kyokai, et al. (eds.). ''Showa 64 nendoban kokkoritsu daigaku gaidobukku'' (1989 Guide to the National and other Public Universities in Japan). Tokyo: Dai-ichi Hoki, 1989.

Konaka, Yotaro. "Japanese Atomic-Bomb Literature," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 420–24.

Konishi Jun'ichi. "The Art of Renga," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 2, No. 1, Autumn 1975, 33–61.

Koplos, Janet. "Mono-ha and the Power of Materials: Japan's Vital New Sculpture Bridges East and West," ''New Art Examiner'', 15, June 1988, 29–32.

Kukusai Bunka Kaikan (ed.). Modern Japanese Literature in Translation: A Bibliography. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1979.

Kuniyoshi Kazuko. ''An Overview of the Contemporary Japanese Dance Scene''. (Orientation Seminars on Japan, No. 19.), Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1985.

Leestma, Robert, and Herbert J. Walberg (eds.). ''Japanese Educational Productivity''. (Michigan Papers in Japanese Studies, No. 22.) Ann Arbor: Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan, 1992.

Leestma, Robert, Robert August, Betty George, and Lois Peak. Japanese Education Today. (United States Department of Education. Office of Educational Research and Improvement.) Washington: GPO, 1987.

Lepkowski, Wil. "Japan's Science and Technology Aim Toward Globalization," Chemical and Engineering News, 67, No. 19, May 8, 1989, 7–14.

Lewis, Catherine C. "From Indulgence to Internalization: Social Control in the Early School Years," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 15, No. 1, Winter 1989, 139–57.

Malm, William. "Some of Japan's Music and Musical Principles." Pages 48–62 in Elizabeth May (ed.), ''Music of Many Cultures: An Introduction''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.

Matsubara, Tasuya (ed.). Haha to ko no asobi (Games for Mothers and Children). (2 vols.) Tokyo: Fure-beru Kan, 1985.

Matsui, Masato, Minako I. Song, Tomoyoshi Kurakawa, and Albert Ikoma. ''Japanese Performing Arts: An Annotated Bibliography''. Honolulu: Center for Asian and Pacific Studies, Council for Japanese Studies, University of Hawaii, 1981.

May, Elizabeth (ed.). Music of Many Cultures: An Introduction. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.

Mertel, Timothy. "Surinomo: Ukiyo-e Refine," Arts of Asia [Hong Kong], 17, No. 5, September-October 1987, 80–88.

Mikami, Tsugio. The Art of Japanese Ceramics. (Heibonsha Survey of Japanese Art Series, No. 29.) Tokyo: Heibansha; New York: Weatherhill, 1972.

Miki Tamon. ''Masterpieces in the Museum of Modern Art of Japan since 1950: Sculpture''. Tokyo: Keishosha, 1985.

Minemura, Toshiaki. "A Blast of Nationalism in the Seventies." Pages 16–24 in Art in Japan Today, 2. Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1984.

Miner, Earl, Horoko Odagiri, and Robert E. Morrell. ''The Princeton Companion to Classical Japanese Literature''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Miyashita, Nohuo. "East Meets West in the Theatre," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 35, No. 2, April-June 1988, 184–90.

Mori Hideo. "Theatre." Pages 24–30 in Isoda Koichi (ed.), A Survey of Japanese Literature. (Trans., Robert N. Huey.) Tokyo: Japan P.E.N. Club, 1984.

Munroe, Alexandra (ed.). Contemporary Japanese Art in America. New York: Japan Society, 1987.

Munroe, Alexandra. Shinohara. (Catalogue of an Exhibition at Japan House.) New York: Japan Society, 1982.

Nakahara Yusuke. "Japanese Contemporary Art and its Milieu: Focusing on the Seventies." Pages 11–15 in ''Art in Japan Today'', 2. Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1984.

Narumiya, Chie. "Opportunities for Girls and Women in Japanese Education," Comparative Education [Oxford], 22, No. 1, 1986, 47–52.

Nishi, Kazuo, and Kazuo Hozumi. ''What is Japanese Architecture?'' (Trans., H. Mack Horton.) Tokyo: Kondansha, 1985.

Oe Atsuyoshi. "The Employment of Graduates of Non-University Sector Institutions." Pages 56–65 in Yoshiya Abe (ed.), ''Non- University Sector Higher Education in Japan''. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publication Series, No. 3.) RIHE, Hiroshima: Hiroshima University, 1989.

Oe Kenzaburo. "Japan's Dual Identity," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 359–69.

Oe Kenzaburo. "Postwar Japanese Literature and the Contemporary Impasse," Japan Foundation Newsletter [Tokyo], 14, No. 3, October 1986, 1–6.

Ohashi Ryosuke. "Philosophical Reflections on Japan's Cultural Context," Japan Echo [Tokyo], 16, No. 1, Spring 1989, 71–78.

Oka, Makoto. "Contemporary Japanese Poetry," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 414–17.

''Okada, Shinoda, and Tsutaka: Three Pioneers of Abstract Painting in 20th Century Japan''. Washington: Phillips Collection, 1979.

Otsuka Eiji. "Comic-Book Formula for Success," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 35, No. 3, July-September 1988, 287–91.

Ozaki Hotsuki. "Popular Literature." Pages 16–23 in Isoda Koichi (ed.), A Survey of Japanese Literature. (Trans., Robert N. Huey.) Tokyo: Japan P.E.N. Club, 1984.

Papadakis, Maria. The Science and Technology Resources of Japan: A Comparison with the United States. (Surveys of Science Resources.) Washington: Division of Science Resource Studies, National Science Foundation, 1988.

Passin, Herbert. Society and Education in Japan. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1982.

Peak, Lois. "Learning to Become Part of the Group: The Japanese Child's Transition to Preschool Life," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 15, No. 1, Winter 1989, 93–123.

Peak, Lois. ''Learning to Go to School in Japan: The Transition from Home to Preschool Life''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.

Pilgrim, Richard B. Buddhism and the Arts of Japan. (2d rev. ed.) Chambersburg, Pennsylvania: Anima, 1993.

Powers, Richard Gid, and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.). Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Rayns, Tony. "New Mornings and Afternoon Breezes: The Rise of Young Japanese Film Makers," Japan Foundation Newsletter [Tokyo], 17, No. 1, August 1989, 7–8, 17.

Reischauer, Edwin O. Japan: The Story of a Nation. (First Tuttle Edition.) Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1971.

Reischauer, Edwin O. The Japanese. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1977.

Richie, Donald. "Japanese Cinema." Pages 19–31 in Wimal Dissanayake (ed.), ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Films from Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Riggs, Lynne E. "The Idioms of Contemporary Japan XVIII: Ranjuku jidai." Japan Interpreter [Tokyo], 11, No. 4, Spring 1977, 541–49.

Rimer, J. Thomas. A Reader's Guide to Japanese Literature. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1988.

Rimer, J. Thomas (ed.). ''Multiple Meanings: The Written Word in Japan, Past, Present, and Future: A Selection of Papers on Japanese Language and Culture and Their Translations Presented at the Library of Congress''. Washington: Asian Division, Library of Congress, 1986.

Rimer, J. Thomas, and Keiko McDonald. ''Teaching Guide for Japanese Literature on Film''. New York: Japan Society, 1989.

Rohlen, Thomas P. Japan's High Schools. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.

Rohlen, Thomas P., et al. "Symposium: Social Control and Early Socialization," Journal of Japanese Studies, 15, No. 1, Winter 1989, 1–157.

Ross, Michael Franklin. ''Beyond Metabolism: The New Japanese Architecture''. (Architectural Record Books.) New York: McGraw-Hill, 1978.

Rubinger, Richard. Private Academies of Tokugawa Japan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.

Saeki Shoichi. "Hidden Dimensions in Modern Japanese Literature." (Orientation Seminars on Japan, No. 18.), Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1985.

Saeki Shoichi. "Japanese Culture in Seventeen Syllables," ''Japan Echo'' [Tokyo], 16, No. 1, Spring 1989, 79–84.

Sakurai, Emiko. "Japan's New Generation of Writers," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 403.

Sanford, James H., William R. LaFluer, and Masatoshi Nagatomi (eds.). ''Flowing Traces: Buddhism in the Literary and Visual Arts in Japan''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.

Sansom, George B. Japan: A Short Cultural History. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1962.

Sato Tadao. "Change in the Image of Mother in Japanese Cinema and Television." Pages 63–69 in Wimal Dissanayake (ed.), ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Films From Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Sato Tadao. "The Multilayered Nature of the Tradition of Acting in Japanese Cinema." Pages 45–52 in Wimal Dissanayake (ed.), ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Films from Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Sato Tadao. "The New Flowering of Japanese Films," ''Japan Foundation Newsletter'' [Tokyo], 11, No. 3, September 1983, 1–6.

Sawada Toshio. "Kokusai-teki ni mita waga kuni no kyoiku suijun" (Japan's Educational Level Seen Internationally), ''Kyoiku to joho'' (Education and Information) [Tokyo], No. 373, April 1989, 8–13.

Schoppa, Leonard J. Education Reform in Japan: A Case of Immobilist Politics. (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series.) London: Routledge, 1991.

Segraves, Julia. "The Lacquer Work of Suzuki Mustumi," Arts of Asia [Hong Kong], 17, No. 5, September-October 1987, 109- 15.

Senda Akihiko. "Experiments in Cross-Cultural Theatre," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 36, No. 3, July-September 1989, 311–14.

Senda Akihiko. "Metamorphoses in Contemporary Japanese Theatre: Life-size and More-than-life-size." (Orientation Seminars on Japan, No. 22.) Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1986.

Sengoku Tamotsu, et al. (eds.). ''Nichibei chugakusei hahaoya hokokusho, 1985'' (Report on Middle School Students and Their Mothers in the United States and Japan, 1985). Tokyo: Nihon Seishonen Kenkyusho and Seimei Hoken Bunka Senta, 1985.

Shibata Minao, and Tokumaru Yoshihiko. "Cross Currents in Japanese Music: Japan's Musical Substructure," Japan Echo [Tokyo], 15, No. 1, Spring 1988, 71–76.

Shields, James J. (ed.). Japanese Schooling: Patterns of Socialization, Equality, and Political Control. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989.

Shimahara, Nobuo. "Toward the Equality of a Japanese Minority: The Case of Burakumin," Comparative Education [Oxford], 20, No. 3, 1984, 339–53.

"Showa 63 nendo gogaku shido nado o okonau gaikoku seinen shochi jigyo (JET puroguranu) ni tsuite" (On the 1988 JET Program to Invite Foreign Youth for Such Activities as Language Teaching). Chuto kyoiku shiryo (Secondary Education Data) [Tokyo], No. 9, 1988, 78–79.

Shozo Kawai (ed.). Contemporary Japanese Prints. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Simmons, Cyril. ''Growing Up and Going to School in Japan: Tradition and Trends''. Bristol, Pennsylvania: Open University Press, 1990.

Sipe, Jeffery R. "Making Films All in the Name of Making Friends," Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 141, No. 34, August 25, 1988, 34–35.

Smith, Laurence. Contemporary Japanese Prints: Symbols of a Society in Transition. New York: Harper and Row, 1985.

Stevenson, Harold W., et al. "Learning to Read in Japan." Pages 217–35 in Harold W. Stevenson, Hiroshi Azuma, and Kenji Hakuta (eds.), Child Development and Education in Japan. (A Series in Psychology, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford.) New York: Freeman, 1986.

Stevenson, Harold W., Hiroshi Azuma, and Kenji Hakuta (eds.). Child Development and Education in Japan. New York: Freeman, 1986.

Stewart, David B. ''The Making of a Modern Japanese Architecture: 1868 to Present''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1987.

Stronach, Bruce. "Japanese Television." Pages 127–65 in Richard Gid Powers and Hidetoshi Kato (eds.), ''Handbook of Japanese Popular Culture''. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Sugawara, Nobuo. "Takano Etsuko: Protector of Fine Cinema," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 36, No. 3, July-September 1989, 306–10.

Swartz, John, Joshua Hammer, Michael Reese, and Bill Powell. "Japan Goes Hollywood," Newsweek, 114, No. 15, October 9, 1989, 62–67.

Tachi, Akira. "The Content of Education in the Non-University Sector." Pages 26–34 in Yoshiya Abe (ed.), ''Non-University Sector Higher Education in Japan''. (Research Institute for Higher Education International Publication Series, No. 3.) Hiroshima: RIHE, Hiroshima University, 1989.

Tada, Michitaro. "The Destiny of Samurai Films." Pages 33–43 in Wimal Dissanayake (ed.), ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Films from Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Takashina Shuji. "Japan and the Avant-Garde," ''Japan Foundation Newsletter'' [Tokyo], 14, No. 4, December 1986, 1–8.

Takashina Shuji, J. Thomas Rimer, and Gerald D. Bolas. Paris in Japan: The Japanese Encounter with European Painting. (Catalog of an exhibition held at Washington University Gallery of Art, St. Louis, October 2, 1987-November 22, 1987; Japan House Gallery, New York, December 11, 1987-February 7, 1988; and Wright Art Gallery, University of California at Los Angeles, February 21, 1958-April 3, 1988.) Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1987.

Takashina Shuji, Yoshiaki Tono, and Nakahara Yusuke (eds.). ''Art in Japan Today''. Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1974.

Takaya, Ted T. (ed. and trans.). Modern Japanese Drama: An Anthology. New York: Columbia University Press, 1979.

Tange Kenzo. "In Search of New Architecture," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 31, No. 4, October-December 1984, 406–9.

Tazawa Yutaka (ed.). ''Biographical Dictionary of Japanese Art''. Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information, 1981.

Thornton, Richard S. The Graphic Spirit of Japan. New York: Van Nostrand, 1991.

Tobin, Joseph J., David Y.H. Hu, and Dana H. Davidson. ''Preschool in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the United States''. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Tsuda, Noritake. Handbook of Japanese Art. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1976.

Tsukada, Mamoru. "Institutionalized Supplementary Education in Japan: The Yobiko and Ronin Student Adaptations," Comparative Education [Oxford], 24, No. 3, 1988, 285–303.

Tsukada, Mamoru. Yobiko Life: A Study of the Legitimation Process of Social Stratification in Japan. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1991.

Tsunoda, Ryusaku Wm., Theodore de Bary, and Donald Keene (comps.). Services of Japanese Tradition. (Records of Civilization, Sources, and Studies.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1958.

Tsurumi, Shunsuke. ''A Cultural History of Postwar Japan, 1945-1980''. London and New York: KPI, 1987.

Tsuruta Kin'ya. "The Women on the other Side: Modern Japanese Literature, Search for the Prostitute Bodhisattva," ''Japan Foundation Newsletter'' [Tokyo], 13, No. 2, August 1985, 1–8.

Ueda, Makoto. Modern Japanese Poets. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1983.

Uenami Wataru. "The Characteristics of Japanese Postwar Music." (Orientation Seminars on Japan, No. 20.) Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1985.

United States. Library of Congress. ''Words in Motion: Modern Japanese Calligraphy: An Exhibition by the Library of Congress and the Yomiuri Shimbun, June 15, 1984-September 15, 1984''. Tokyo: Yomiuri Shimbun, 1984.

University of the Air, 1989. Chiba: The University of the Air, 1989.

Uyehara, Cecil H. "The Rite of Japanese Calligraphy and the Modern Age," Oriental Art [Richmond, Surrey, United Kingdom]. (New Series, No. 33.) Summer 1987, 174–82.

Wada Takashi. "Dostoyevsky's The Idiot in Tokyo," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 36, No. 3, July-September 1989, 315–19.

Wheeler, Donald F. "Japan's Postmodern Student Movement." Pages 194–211 in William K. Cummings, Ikuo Amano, and Kazuyuki Kitamura (eds.), Changes in the Japanese University: A Comparative Perspective. New York: Praeger, 1979.

Wysocki, Bernard, Jr. "Japanese Producer Sets Sights on Hollywood and Broadway," Asian Wall Street Journal Weekly [Hong Kong], December 25, 1989, 9.

Yanagisawa Yasumasa. "Namikawa Banri: Photographing the Silk Road," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 35, No. 4, October-December 1988, 428–31.

Yasuda Yasei. "Tokyo on and under the Bay," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 35, No. 2, April-June 1988, 118–26.

Yawata Kazuo. "Why and Where to Relocate the Capital," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 35, No. 2, April-June 1988, 127–32.

Yoshida Kozo. Enamelled Porcelain of Modern Japan. Tokyo: National Museum of Modern Art, 1979.

Yoshida, Sanraku. "An Interview with Kenzaburo Oe," ''World Literature Today'', 62, No. 3, Summer 1988, 369–74.

Zako, Jun. "International Tenor: Ichihara Taro," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 36, No. 1, January-March 1989, 92–94.

(Various issues of the following publications were also used in the preparation of this chapter: Bank of Japan, Economic Statistics Annual [Tokyo], 1977–89; Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, Statistical Abstract of the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, 1980–89; Japan Architect [Tokyo], 1980–89; Japan Times Weekly [Tokyo], 1988–89; Japan Times Weekly Magazine [Tokyo], 1988–89; Japan Update [Tokyo], 1988–89; Look Japan [Tokyo], 1987–89; New York Times, 1980–89; and Washington Post, 1980–89.)

Economy
Abeggleu, James C., and George Stalk, Jr. ''Kaisha: The Japanese Corporation: How Marketing, Money and Manpower Strategy, No Management Style, Make the Japanese World Pace Setters''. New York: Basic Books, 1985.

Adams, Thomas Francis Merton, and Iwao Hoshii. ''A Financial History of New Japan''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1972.

Alexander, Arthur. Of Tanks and Toyotas: An Assessment of Japan's Defense Industry. (Rand Note N-3542-AF.) Santa Moncia, California: Rand, 1993.

Alexander, Arthur J. ''Comparative Innovation in Japan and in the United States''. Santa Monica, California: Center for U.S.- Japan Relations, Rand, 1990.

Allen, G.C. Japan's Economic Policy. New York: Holmes and Meier, 1980.

Allen, G.C. A Short Economic History of Modern Japan. (4th ed.) New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Anchordoguy, Marie. Computers, Inc.: Japan's Challenge to IBM. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, No. 144.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.

"Annual Review of Japanese Industry," ''Journal of Japanese Trade and Industry'' [Tokyo], 9, No. 1, January-February 1990, 2-39.

Asia 1990 Yearbook. (Ed., Michael Malik.) Hong Kong: Review, 1990.

Ballon, Robert J. (ed.). Marketing in Japan. (Rev. ed.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1973.

Ballon, Robert J., and Iwao Tomita. The Financial Behavior of Japanese Corporations. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1988.

Bank of Japan. Research and Statistics Department. ''Keizai tokei nenpo, 1990'' (Economic Statistics Annual, 1990). Tokyo: 1991.

Barnds, William J. (ed.). ''Japan and the United States: Challenges and Opportunities''. (Council on Foreign Relations Books.) New York: New York University Press, 1979.

Belassa, Bela, and Marcus Noland. ''Japan in the World Economy''. Washington: Institute for International Economics, 1988.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984-86.

Blaker, Michael. Japanese International Negotiating Style. (Studies of the East Asian Institute, Columbia University.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1977.

Boger, Karl. ''Postwar Industrial Policy in Japan: An Annotated Bibliography''. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press, 1988.

Boltho, Andrea. Japan: An Economic Survey, 1953-1973. (Economies of the World Series.) London: Oxford University Press, 1974.

Brokenbrenner, Martin, and Yasukichi Yasuba. "Economic Welfare." Pages 111-24 in Kozo Yamamura and Yasukichi Yasuba (eds.), ''The Political Economy of Japan, 2: The Domestic Transformation''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987.

Burks, Ardath W. Japan: A Postindustrial Power. (3d ed., rev.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1991.

Burstein, Daniel. "Rising Sun in Wall Street: How Japanese Money and Firms Are Moving In," New York, 20, No. 9, March 2, 1987, 32-38.

Burstein, Daniel. ''Yen! Japan's New Financial Empire and Its Threat to America''. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1990.

Chalmers, Norma J. ''Industrial Relations in Japan: The Peripheral Workforce''. (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series.) London: Routledge, 1989.

Choy, Jon. "FY 1993 Budget Reveals Fiscal Strains," ''JEI Report'', No. 1B, January 8, 1993, 3-8.

Choy, Jon. "Japan's Energy Policy: A Powerful Example?" ''JEI Report'', No. 23A, June 25, 1993, 1-10.

Clark, Rodney. The Japanese Company. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.

Cusumano, Michael A. The Japanese Automobile Industry. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, No. 122.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985.

DeMente, Boye. The Japanese Way of Doing Business. (Rev. ed.) Engelwood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1981.

Denison, Edward F., and William K. Chung. ''How Japan's Economy Grew So Fast: The Sources of Postwar Expansion''. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1976.

Destler, I.M., and Hideo Sato (eds.). ''Coping with U.S.-Japanese Economic Conflicts''. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1982.

Deutsch, Mitchell F. Doing Business with the Japanese. New York: New American Library, 1984.

Dore, Ronald P. ''British Factory, Japanese Factory: The Origins of National Diversity in Industrial Relations''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.

Dreyfus, Joel. "Fear and Trembling in the Colossus," ''Fortune International'' [Tokyo], 115, No. 7, March 30, 1987, 32-36.

Drucker, Peter F. "What We Can Learn from Japanese Management." Pages 30-37 in How Japan Works. (Eds., staff of Harvard Business Review) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981.

"Economic Trends," Mitsubishi Bank Review [Tokyo], 20, No. 1, January 1987, 6.

Eto, Hajime (ed.). ''R&amp;D Strategies in Japan: The National, Regional, and Corporate Approach''. (Advances in Industrial Engineering, No. 18.) Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1993.

Europa Year Book, 1989: A World Survey. London: Europa, 1989.

"Finance: Timid Giants: Japanese Institutional Investors," Tokyo Business Today [Tokyo], 6, No. 8, August 1987, 42-47.

Frank, Isaiah (ed.). ''The Japanese Economy in International Perspective''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975.

Fruin, W. Mark. ''The Japanese Enterprise System: Competitive Strategies and Cooperative Structures''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.

Fruin, W. Mark. Kikkoman: Company, Clan, and Community. (Harvard Studies in Business History, No. 35.) Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Fukui, Haruhiro, Peter H. Merkl, Hubertus Müller-Groeling, and Akio Watanabe (eds.). ''The Politics of Economic Change in Postwar Japan and West Germany, 1: Macroeconomic Conditions and Policy Response''. (St. Antony's/Macmillan Series.) New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.

Gibney, Frank. ''Miracle by Design: The Real Reasons Behind Japan's Economic Success''. New York: Times Books, 1982.

Gordon, Andrew. ''The Evolution of Labor Relations in Japan: Heavy Industry, 1853-1955''. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, No. 117.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985.

"Government Anticipates Slower Economic Growth in FY 1993," ''JEI Report'', No. 1B, January 8, 1993, 1-3.

Haitani, Kanji. ''The Japanese System: An Institutional Overview''. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1976.

Halloran, Richard. Japan: Image and Realities. New York: Knopf, 1969.

Hanami, Andrew K. "The Emerging Military-Industrial Relationship in Japan and the U.S. Connection," Asian Survey, 33, No. 6, June 1993, 592-609.

Hein, Laura E. ''Fueling Growth: The Energy Revolution and Economic Policy in Postwar Japan''. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, 147.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.

Henderson, Dan Fenno. ''Foreign Enterprise in Japan: Laws and Policies''. (Studies in Foreign Investment and Economic Development.) Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1973.

Ho, Alfred K. Japan's Trade Liberalization in the 1960s. White Plains, New York: International Arts and Sciences Press, 1973.

Hofheinz, Roy, and Kent Calder E. The Eastasia Edge. New York: Basic Books, 1982.

Ishizu Hideo. "The Missing Link: Transportation: Honshu-Shikoku Bridges," Look Japan [Tokyo], 34, No. 387, June 1988, 26.

Ito, Takatoshi. The Japanese Economy. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992.

Japan. Defense Agency. Defense of Japan, 1989. Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Foreign Press Center. Food and Agriculture in Japan. (About Japan Series, No. 7.) Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Foreign Press Center. Labor in Japan. Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Heisei 4 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1992.) Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1992.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Showa 61 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1986). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1987.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Showa 63 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1988). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1989.

Japan. Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Japan External Trade Organization. ''Nippon 1992: JETRO Business Facts and Figures''. Tokyo: 1992.

Japan. Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Japan External Trade Organization. ''U.S. and Japan in Figures, II''. Tokyo: 1992.

Japan. National Personnel Authority. Bureau of Compensation. Nippon 1987: JETRO Business Facts and Figures. Tokyo: 1987.

Japan. National Personnel Authority. Bureau of Compensation. Nippon 1989: JETRO Business Facts and Figures. Tokyo: 1989.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Japan Broadcasting Corporation. "This is NHK." (Brochure.) Tokyo: Nippon Hoso Kyokai, 1987.

Japan Economic Institute of America. ''Japan Economic Survey''. Washington: October 1989.

Japanese Center for International Exchange. ''The Silent Power: Japan's Identity and World Role''. Tokyo: Simul Press, 1976.

"Japanese Utilize Postal Savings," Japan Economic Journal [Tokyo], 3, No. 9, February 24, 1990, 5.

Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs. Japan 1993: An International Comparison. Tokyo: 1992.

Johnson, Chalmers. MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-75. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1982.

Kaplan, Morton A., and Mushakoji Kinhide (eds.). ''Japan, America, and the Future World Order''. New York: Free Press, 1976.

Kawanishi, Hirosuke. Enterprise Unionism in Japan. (Trans., Ross E. Mouer.) (Japanese Studies Series.) London: Kegan Paul, 1992.

Kelly, Margaret, and Anne Kenny McGuirk. ''Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy''. (World Economic and Financial Surveys.) Washington: International Monetary Fund, August 1992.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Komatsu, Nobuyuki, Tohru Yoshikawa, and Akio Nakahara. "History of Shinkansen in 25 Years and Future Projects," ''Japanese Railway Engineering'' [Tokyo], 29, No. 2 (111), September 1989, 1-5.

Komiya, Ryutaro. ''The Japanese Economy: Trade, Industry, and Government''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1990.

Komiya, Ryutaro, Masahiro Okuno, and Kotaro Suzumura (eds.). Industrial Policy of Japan. Tokyo: Academic Press of Japan, 1989.

Kono, Toyohiro (ed.). ''Strategic Management in Japanese Companies''. (The Best of Long Range Planning, No. 11.) Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1992.

Kumon, Shumpei, and Henry Rosovsky (eds.). ''The Political Economy of Japan, 3: Cultural and Social Dynamics''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992.

Kurian, George T. Facts on File: Japan. New York: Facts on File, 1989.

Latz, Gil. ''Agricultural Development in Japan: The Land Improvement District in Concept and Practice''. (Geography Research Paper, No. 225.) Chicago: Committee on Geographical Studies, University of Chicago, 1989.

Lee, Chung H., and Ippei Yamazawa (eds.). ''The Economic Development of Japan and Korea: A Parallel with Lessons''. New York: Praeger, 1990.

Lesbirel, S. Hayden. "Structural Adjustment in Japan: Terminating `Old King Coal.'" Asian Survey, 31, No. 11, November 1991, 1079-94.

Lincoln, Edward J. Japan: Facine Economic Maturity. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1988.

Lockwood, William Wirt (ed.). ''The State and Economic Enterprise in Japan: Essays in the Political Economy of Growth''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965.

Magaziner, Ira C., and Thomas M. Hout. ''Japanese Industrial Policy''. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1980.

Maswood, Syed Javed. Japan and Protection: The Growth of Protectionist Sentiment and the Japanese Response. London: Routledge, 1989.

Mead, Christopher. "Second Japanese Miracle on the Horizon." Creative Computing, 23, No. 8, August 1987, 1-83.

Metraux, Daniel A. ''The Japanese Economy and the American Businessman''. (Mellen Studies in Business, No. 5.) Lewiston, New York: Mellen Press, 1989.

Miyashita, Kenichi, and David W. Russell. ''Keiretsu: Inside the Hidden Japanese Conglomerates''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

Morikawa, Hidemasa. ''Zaibatsu: The Rise and Fall of Family Enterprise Groups in Japan''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1992.

Morishima, Michio. ''Why Has Japan Succeeded?: Western Technology and the Japanese Ethos''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

Morita, Akio. Made in Japan. New York: Dutton, 1986.

Moritani Masanori. ''Japanese Technology: Getting the Best for the Least''. (Trans., Simul International.) Tokyo: Simul Press, 1982.

Morley, James W. Dilemmas of Growth in Prewar Japan. (Studies in the Modernization of Japan, No. 6.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1971.

Mushakoji Kinhide. "Nihon bunka to Nihon gaiko" (Japanese Culture and Japanese Diplomacy). Pages 31-47 in Mushakoji Kinhide (ed.), Kokusai Seiji to Nihon (International Politics and Japan). Tokyo: Tanryusha, 1967.

Nakamura, Takafuse. ''The Postwar Japanese Economy: Its Development and Structure''. (Trans., Jacqueline Kaminski.) Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1982.

Nakayama, Shigeru. ''Science, Technology, and Society in Postwar Japan''. (Japanese Studies Series.) London: Kegan Paul, 1991.

Ohkawa, Kazushi, and Miyohei Shinohara (eds.). Patterns of Japanese Economic Development: A Quantitative Appraisal. (Economic Growth Center and Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University.) New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.

Okimoto, Daniel I. ''Between MITI and the Market: Japanese Industrial Policy for High Technology''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Okita Saburo. The Developing Economies and Japan. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1980.

Ostrom, Douglas. "Officials Differ on Japan's Economic Health," JEI Report, No. 22B, June 18, 1993, 1-5.

Ouchi, William G. ''Theory Z: How American Businessmen Can Meet the Japanese Challenge''. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1981.

Ozaki, Robert S. ''Human Capitalism: The Japanese Enterprise System as World Model''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1991.

Patrick, Hugh T., and Thomas P. Rohley. "Small-Scale Family Enterprises." Pages 331-32 in Kozo Yamamura and Yasukichi Yasuba (eds.), ''The Political Economy of Japan, 2: The Domestic Transition''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987.

Patrick, Hugh T., and Henry Rosovsky (eds.). ''Asia's New Giant: How the Japanese Economy Works''. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1976.

Reischauer, Edwin O. The Japanese. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1977.

Reischauer, Edwin O. The Japanese Today: Continuity and Change. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1988.

Roth, Martin. Making Money in Japanese Stocks. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1989.

Rothacher, Albrecht. ''Japan's Agro-Food Sector: The Politics and Economics of Excess Protection''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.

Sanders, Sol W. Honda: The Man and His Machines. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1982.

Sasajima, Yoshio. Labor in Japan. (About Japan Series, 9.) Tokyo: Foreign Press Center, 1988.

Schmiegelow, Michèle, and Henrik Schmiegelow. ''Strategic Pragmatism: Japanese Lessons in the Use of Economic Theory''. New York: Praeger, 1989.

Sennitt, Andrew G. (ed.). World Radio TV Handbook, 1993. 47. Amsterdam: Billboard, 1993.

Sheridan, Kyoko. Governing the Japanese Economy. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1993.

Shibata, Tokue (ed.). Public Finance in Japan. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1986.

Shinohara Miyohei. ''Industrial Growth, Trade, and Dynamic Patterns in the Japanese Economy''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1982.

Shirai, Taishiro (ed.). Contemporary Industrial Relations in Japan. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Singleton, Kenneth J. Japanese Monetary Policy. (National Bureau of Economic Research Project Report.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

Smith, Thomas. Political Change and Industrial Development in Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1955.

"Statistical Profile: Japan's Economy in 1992 and International Transactions of Japan and the United States in 1992," ''JEI Report'', No. 35A, September 17, 1993, 1-47.

Stoever, William A. ''Renegotiations in International Business Transactions: The Process of Dispute Resolution Between Multinational Investors and Host Societies''. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1981.

Sunobe, Yoshio. High Technology. (Facts About Japan Series.) Tokyo: International Society for Educational Information, 1988.

Suzuki, Yoshio (ed.). The Japanese Financial System. (Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies of the Bank o Japan.) Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987.

Tsuda, Hideo (ed.). ''Japan 1990: An International Comparison''. (Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs.) Tokyo: Keizai Koho Center, 1990.

Tsuneta Yano Memorial Society. Nihon kokusei tokai, 1989 (Charted Survey of Japan, 1989.) Tokyo: 1989.

Tsuneta Yano Memorial Society. Nihon kokusei tokai, 1992 (Charted Survey of Japan, 1992). Tokyo: 1992.

United States. Central Intelligence Agency. ''The World Factbook, 1989''. (CPAS WF 89-001.) Washington: May 1989.

United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Directorate of Intelligence. Economic and Energy Indicators. (DI EEI 90-011.) Washington: June 1, 1990.

Viner, Aron. Inside Japanese Financial Markets. Homewood, Illinois: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1988.

Vogel, Ezra F. Japan as Number One: Lessons for America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1979.

Woronoff, Jon. The Japanese Economic Crisis. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.

Wray, Harry, and Hilary Conroy. Japan Examined: Perspectives on Modern Japanese History. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1983.

Wray, William D. (ed.). ''Managing Industrial Enterprise: Cases from Japan's Prewar Experience''. (Harvard East Asian Monograph, No. 142.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989.

Yamamura, Kozo, and Yasukichi Yasuba (eds.). ''The Political Economy of Japan, 1: The Domestic Transformation''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987.

Yamanaka, Keiko. "New Immigration Policy and Unskilled Foreign Workers in Japan," Pacific Affairs [Vancouver], 66, No. 1, Spring 1993, 72-90.

Yamazawa, Ippei. ''Economic Development and International Trade: The Japanese Model''. Honolulu: East-West Center, University of Hawaii, 1990.

Yoshihara, Kunio. ''Japanese Economic Development: A Short Introduction''. Tokyo: Oxford University Press, 1979.

Yoshino, Michael Y. ''Japan's Managerial System: Traditional Innovation''. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1968.

Yoshino, Michael Y., and Thomas B. Lifson. ''The Invisible Link: Japan's Sogo Shosha and the Organization of Trade''. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986.

Young, Alexander K. ''The Sogo Shoshu: Japan's Multinational Trading Companies''. (Westview Special Studies in International Economics and Business.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1979.

(Various issues of the following publications also were used in the preparation of this chapter: Asahi Nenkan (Asahi Yearbook) [Tokyo], 1986-90; Asian Survey, 1986-90; Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 1983-90; Japan Echo [Tokyo], 1986-90; Japan Economic Institute, JEI Report, 1989-93; Japan Economic Review [Tokyo], 1986- 90; Japan Economic Survey, 1987-90; Japanese Economic Journal [Tokyo], 1986-90; Japan Times Weekly [Tokyo], 1986-90; JEI Report, 1989-90; Journal of Japanese Trade and Industry [Tokyo], 1986-90; Mitsubishi Bank Review [Tokyo], 1986-90; New York Times, 1987-90; and U.S. News & World Report, 1987.)

International economic relations
Abeggleu, James C., and George Stalk, Jr. ''Kaisha: The Japanese Corporation; How Marketing, Money and Manpower Strategy, No Management Style, Make the Japanese World Pace Setters''. New York: Basic Books, 1985.

Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations. "Analysis of the U.S.-Japan Trade Problem." (Report submitted to United States Trade Representative.) Washington: February 1989.

Angel, Robert C. Explaining Economic Policy Failure: Japan in the 1969-1971 International Monetary Crisis. (Studies of the East Asian Institute.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1991.

Asia 1990 Yearbook. (Ed., Michael Malik.) Hong Kong: Review, 1990.

Belassa, Bela, and Marcus Noland. ''Japan in the World Economy''. Washington: Institute for International Economics, 1988.

Bergsten, C. Fred, and William R. Cline. The United States-Japan Economic Problem. Washington: Institute for International Economics, 1985.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984-86.

Boger, Karl. ''Japanese Direct Foreign Investments: An Annotated Bibliography''. (Bibliographies and Indexes in Economics and Economic History, No. 8.) New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

Castle, Emery N., and Kenzo Hemmi (eds.). ''U.S.-Japanese Agricultural Trade Relations''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

Caves, Richard E. "Japanese Investment in the United States: Lessons for the Economic Analysis of Foreign Investment," World Economy [Oxford], 16, No. 3, May 1993, 279-300.

Christopher, Robert C. Second to None: American Companies in Japan. New York: Ballantine Books, 1986.

Cohen, Stephen D. "United States-Japan Trade Relations." Pages 122-36 in Frank J. Macchiarola (ed.), ''International Trade: The Changing Role of the United States''. (Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, 37, No. 4.) New York: Academy of Political Science, 1990.

Destler, I.M., and Hideo Sato (eds.). ''Coping with U.S.-Japanese Economic Conflicts''. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1982.

Emmott, Bill. ''Japan's Global Reach: The Influence, Strategies, and Weaknesses of Japan's Multinational Companies''. London: Century, 1991.

Feldman, Robert Alan. ''Japanese Financial Markets: Deficits, Dilemmas, and Deregulation''. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986.

Fletcher, William Miles, III. ''The Japanese Business Community and National Trade Policy, 1920-1942''. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989.

Fox, John G. ''The Next Wave of Japanese Investment in U.S. Real Estate''. New York: Japan Society, 1987.

Frankel, Jeffrey A. ''The Yen/Dollar Agreement: Liberalizing Japanese Capital Markets''. Washington: Institute for International Economics, 1984.

Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Miles Kahler (eds.). ''Regionalism and Rivalry: Japan and the United States in Pacific Asia''. (National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

Frost, Ellen. ''For Richer, For Poorer: The New U.S.-Japan Relationship''. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1987.

Fujita, Kuniko, and Richard Child Hill (eds.). ''Japanese Cities in the World Economy''. (Conflicts in Urban and Regional Development Series.) Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1993.

Gaikoku boeki gaikyo (Summary Report of Trade of Japan) [Tokyo], July 1991.

Green, Gretchen. "Japan's Foreign Aid Policy: 1989 Update," ''JEI Report'', No. 41A, October 27, 1989, 1-14.

Green, Gretchen. "Japan's Role in the Asian Development Bank," ''JEI Report'', No. 23A, June 16, 1989, 1-7.

Harding, Harry, and Edward J. Lincoln. "Rivals or Partners? Prospects for U.S.-Japan Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific Region," Brookings Review, 11, No. 2, Summer 1993, 7- 11.

Henning, C. Randall. ''International Monetary Policymaking in the United States, Germany, and Japan''. Washington: Institute for International Economics, 1993.

Hirata, Akira, and Ippei Yamazawa (eds.). ''Trade Policies Towards Developing Countries''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.

Hollerman, Leon (ed.). ''Japan and the United States: Economic and Political Adversaries''. (Westview Special Studies in International Economics and Business.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1980.

Hunsberger, Warren S. ''Japan and the United States in World Trade''. New York: Harper and Row, 1964.

Inoguchi, Takashi, and Daniel I. Okimoto (eds.). ''The Political Economy of Japan, 2: The Changing International Context''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1988.

International Monetary Fund. ''Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook, 1992''. Washington: 1992.

International Monetary Fund. International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1988. (41.) Washington: International Monetary Fund, 1988.

International Monetary Fund. International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1989. (42.) Washington: International Monetary Fund, 1989.

International Monetary Fund. International Financial Statistics, November 1989. (42, No. 11.) Washington: 1989.

International Monetary Fund. International Financial Statistics, February 1993. (46, No. 2.) Washington: 1993.

Ito, Takatoshi. The Japanese Economy. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992.

Jackson, Tim. ''The Next Battleground: Japan, America, and the New European Market''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1993.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Heisei 4 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1992). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1992.

Japan. Ministry of Finance. International Monetary Bureau. Okurasho kokusai kin'yukyoku nenpo, Hesei 1 (Ministry of Finance International Monetary Bureau Yearbook, 1989). Tokyo: Kin'yu Zaisei Jiho Kenkyukai, 1989.

Japan. Ministry of Finance. International Monetary Bureau. Okurasho kokusai kin'yukyoku nenpo, Hesei 4 (Ministry of Finance International Monetary Bureau Yearbook, 1992). Tokyo: Kin'yu Zaisei Jiho Kenkyukai, 1992.

Japan. Ministry of Finance. International Monetary Bureau. Okurasho kokusai kin'yukyoku nenpo, Showa 57 (Ministry of Finance International Monetary Bureau Yearbook, 1983). (6.) Tokyo: Kin'yu Zaisei Jiho Kenkyukai, 1982.

Japan. Ministry of Finance. International Monetary Bureau. Okurasho kokusai kin'yukyoku nenpo, Showa 63 (Ministry of Finance International Monetary Bureau Yearbook, 1988). (12.) Tokyo: Kin'yu Zaisei Jiho Kenkyukai, 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Finance. Monetary Bureau. ''Kokusai kin'yukyoku nenpo'' (Monetary Bureau International Monetary Yearbook). Tokyo: 1982-89.

Japan. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. ''Japan's Official Development Assistance: 1988 Annual Report''. Tokyo: Association for Promotion of International Cooperation, 1989.

Japan. Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Japan External Trade Organization. ''U.S. and Japan in Figures, II''. Tokyo: 1992.

Japan. Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Japan External Trade Organization. ''JETRO: Promoting Trade, Creating Opportunity''. Tokyo: n.d.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs. Japan 1993: An International Comparison. Tokyo: 1992.

Japan-United States Economic Relations Group. "Report of the Japan-United States Economic Relations Group." Washington: 1981.

Kelly, Margaret, and Anne Kenny McGuirk. ''Issues and Developments in International Trade Policy''. (World Economic and Financial Surveys.) Washington: International Monetary Fund, August 1992.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Kojima, Kiyoshi, and Terutomo Ozawa. ''Japan's General Trading Companies: Merchants of Economic Development''. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1984.

Koppel, Bruce, and Michael Plummer. "Japan's Ascendancy as a Foreign-Aid Power: Asian Perspectives," Asian Survey, 29, No. 11, November 1989, 1043-56.

Krause, Lawrence B., and Sueo Sekiguchi. "Japan and the World Economy." Pages 383-458 in Hugh T. Patrick and Henry Rosovsky (eds.), ''Asia's New Giant: How the Japanese Economy Works''. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1976.

Kreinin, Mordechai E. "How Closed Is Japan's Market?" ''World Economy'' [London], 11, No. 4, December 1988, 529-41.

Kujawa, Duane, and Daniel Bob. American Public Opinion on Japanese Direct Investment. New York: Japan Society, 1988.

Kuo, Cheng-Tian, and Takuya Yanagisawa. "The Politics of Japan's Rice Trade," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 11, No. 4, Winter 1992, 19-39.

Lawrence, Robert Z. ''Imports in Japan: Closed Markets or Closed Minds''? (Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, No. 2.) Washington: Brookings Institution, 1987.

Lee, Chung H., and Ippei Yamazawa (eds.). ''The Economic Development of Japan and Korea: A Parallel with Lessons''. New York: Praeger, 1990.

Lincoln, Edward J. Japan: Facing Economic Maturity. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1988.

Lincoln, Edward J. Japan's Economic Role in Northeast Asia. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1987.

Lincoln, Edward J. Japan's New Global Role. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1993.

Lincoln, Edward J. "Japan's Role in Asia-Pacific Cooperation: Dimensions, Prospects, and Problems," ''Journal of Northeast Asian Studies'', 8, No. 4, Winter 1989, 3-23.

Lincoln, Edward J. Japan's Unequal Trade. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1990.

Macchiarola, Frank J. (ed.) ''International Trade: The Changing Role of the United States''. (Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, 37, No. 4.) New York: Academy of Political Science, 1990.

MacKnight, Susan. ''Japan's Expanding U.S. Manufacturing Presence, 1988 Update''. Washington: Japan Economic Institute, 1989.

Maswood, Syed Javed. Japan and Protection: The Growth of Protectionist Sentiment and the Japanese Response. London: Routledge, 1989.

Matsuzawa, Takuji. "Japan-U.S. Economic Relations as Seen from Japan," Fuji Economic Review [Tokyo], September- October 1993, 1-7.

Maurer, John H. "The United States and Japan: Collision Course?" Strategic Review, 21, No. 2, Spring 1993, 41-51.

McGuire, Sumiye O. Soviet-Japanese Economic Relations. (Rand Publication Series, R-3817.) Santa Monica, California: Rand, May 1990.

Moritani, Kazuo. "Impact of the EC Unification on Japan's Automobile and Electronics Industries." (JDB Research Report, No. 16.) Tokyo: Japan Development Bank, August 1989.

Morris-Suzuki, Tessa. ''A History of Japanese Economic Thought''. (Routledge History of Economic Thought Series.) London: Routledge, 1991.

Motor Vehicle Statistics of Japan, 1989. Tokyo: Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, 1989.

Murakami, Yasusuke, and Yutaka Kosai (eds.). ''Japan in the Global Community: Its Role and Contribution on the Eve of the 21st Century''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1986.

Nester, William R. ''European Power and the Japanese Challenge''. New York: New York University Press, 1993.

Nester, William R. ''The Foundation of Japanese Power: Continuities, Changes, Challenges''. New York: Sharpe, 1990.

Nester, William R. ''Japan's Growing Predominance over East Asia and the World Economy''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.

Okimoto, Daniel I. ''Between MITI and the Market: Japanese Industrial Policy for High Technology''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Okimoto, Daniel I. (ed.). ''Japan's Economy: Coping with Change in the International Environment''. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1982.

Okita Saburo. Japan in the World Economy of the 1980s. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1989.

Okita Saburo. "Japan's Quiet Strength," Foreign Policy, No. 75, Summer 1989, 128-45.

Oppenheim, Phillip. ''Japan Without Blunders: Coming to Terms with Japan's Economic Success''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1992.

Oppenheim, Phillip. Trade Wars: Japan Versus the West. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1992.

Ozaki, Robert S. The Control of Imports and Foreign Capital in Japan. New York: Praeger, 1972.

Patrick, Hugh T., and Henry Rosovsky (eds.). ''Asia's New Giant: How the Japanese Economy Works''. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1976.

Patrick, Hugh T., and Ryuichiro Tachi (eds.). ''Japan and the United States Today: Exchange Rates, Macroeconomic Policies, and Financial Market Innovations''. New York: Center on Japanese Economy and Business, Columbia University, 1987.

Petri, Peter A. Modeling Japanese-American Trade: A Study of Asymmetric Interdependence. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984.

Prestowitz, Clyde V., Jr. ''Trading Places: How We Allowed Japan to Take the Lead''. New York: Basic Books, 1988.

Pugel, Thomas A., and Robert G. Hawkins (eds.). ''Fragile Interdependence: Economic Issues in U.S.-Japanese Trade and Investment''. Lexington, Massachusetts: D.C. Heath, 1986.

Sato, Ryuzo, and Julianne Nelson (eds.). ''Beyond Trade Friction: Japan-U.S. Economic Relations''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Sato, Ryuzo, and John A. Rizzo (eds.). ''Unkept Promises, Unclear Consequences: U.S. Economic Policy and the Japanese Response''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

Sato, Ryuzo, and Paul Wachtel (eds.). ''Trade Friction and Economic Policy: Problems and Prospects for Japan and the United States''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Saxonhouse, Gary R. "Japan's Intractable Trade Surpluses in a New Era," World Economy [London], 9, September 1986, 234-57.

Scalapino, Robert A. (ed.). ''Economic Development in the Asia-Pacific Region: Appropriate Rules for Japan and the United States''. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1986.

Schlossstein, Steven B. ''Trade War: Greed, Power, and Industrial Policy on Opposite Sides of the Pacific''. New York: Cougdon and Weed, 1984.

Schmiegelow, Michèle (ed.). ''Japan's Response to Crisis and Change in the World Economy''. Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1986.

Sekiguchi, Sueo. "The Structural Impediments Initiative and Recent Japan-US Relations," International Spectator [Rome], 28, No. 2, April-June 1993, 45-62.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

"Statistical Profile: Japan's Economy in 1988 and International Transactions of Japan and the United States in 1988," ''JEI Report'', No. 39A, October 13, 1989, 1-44.

"Statistical Profile: Japan's Economy in 1992 and International Transactions of Japan and the United States in 1992," ''JEI Report'', No. 35A, September 17, 1993, 1-47.

Stern, Robert M. (ed.). ''Trade and Investment Relations Among the United States, Canada, and Japan''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.

Stokes, Bruce. ''Japanese Investment in the United States: Its Causes and Consequences''. New York: Japan Society, 1988.

Takamiya, Sosumu, and Keith Thurley (eds.). ''Japan's Emerging Multinationals: An International Comparison of Policies and Practices''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1985.

Takeuchi, Kenji. Does Japan Import Less Than It Should? (World Bank Policy Planning and Research Working Papers, No. 63.) Washington: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, July 1988.

Tasca, Diane (ed.). ''U.S.-Japanese Economic Relations: Cooperation, Competition, and Confrontation''. New York: Pergamon Press, 1980.

Thomsen, Stephen. "Japanese Direct Investment in the European Community: The Product Cycle Revisted," World Economy [Oxford], 16, No. 3, May 1993, 301-15.

Tokunage, Shojiro (ed.). ''Japan's Foreign Investment and Asian Economic Interdependence: Production, Trade, and Financial Systems''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1992.

Tsuda, Hideo (ed.). ''Japan 1990: An International Comparison''. (Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs.) Tokyo: Keizai Koho Center, 1990.

Tsuneta Yano Memorial Society. Nihon kokusei tokai, 1992 (Charted Survey of Japan, 1992). Tokyo: 1992.

Unger, Danny, and Paul Blackburn (eds.). ''Japan's Emerging Global Role''. (An Institute for the Study of Diplomacy Book.) Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1993.

U.S.-Japan Economic Relations Yearbook, 1984-1985. Washington: Japan Economic Institute of America, 1986.

United States. Congress. 99th, 1st Session. House of Representatives. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs and Subcommittee on International Economic Policy. United States-Japan Trade Relations. (Hearings April 17-May 14, 1985.) Washington: GPO, 1985.

United States. Congress. 100th, 2d Session. House of Representatives. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs. ''United States-Japan Relations: The Impact of Negotiated Market Openings''. (Hearings September 27-October 13, 1988.) Washington: GPO, 1989.

United States. Congress. 102d, 2d Session. Joint Economic Committee. Economic Diplomacy with Japan. Washington: GPO, 1993.

United States. Congress. 102d, 2d Session. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on Economic Goals and International Policy. ''Global Economic and Technological Change: Japan and the Asia-Pacific Region''. Washington: GPO, 1993.

United States. General Accounting Office. ''International Finance: Implementation of the Yen/Dollar Agreement''. (GAO/NSIAD-86-107.) Washington: GPO, 1986.

United States. General Accounting Office. ''U.S.-Japan Trade: Evaluation of the Market-Oriented Sector, Selective Talks''. (GAO/NSIAP-88-205.) Washington: GPO, July 1988.

United States. General Accounting Office. ''United States-Japan Trade: Issues and Problems''. (GAO ID-79-53.) Washington: GPO, 1979.

United States. International Trade Commission. ''Pros and Cons of Initiating Negotiations with Japan to Explore the Possibility of a U.S-Japan Free Trade Area Agreement''. (Investigation No. TA-332-255. USITC Publication 0196-9153; 2120.) Washington: September 1988.

United States Economic Relations Group. ''Report of the Japanese-United States Economic Relations Group''. Washington: Japan-United States Economic Relations Group, January 1981.

United States-Japan Advisory Commission. Office of Public Communication. Challenges and Opportunities in United States-Japan Relations: A Report Submitted to the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Japan. Washington: September 1984.

Yamamura, Kozo (ed.). ''Japanese Investment in the United States: Should We Be Concerned?'' Seattle: Society for Japanese Studies, 1989.

Yamamura, Kozo. ''Policy and Trade Issues of the Japanese Economy: American and Japanese Perspectives''. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1982.

Yearbook of U.S.-Japan Economic Relations in 1983. Washington: Japan Economic Institute of America, 1984.

Yoshida, Mamoru. Japanese Direct Manufacturing Investment in the United States. New York: Praeger, 1987.

Yoshihara, Kunio. ''Soga Shosha: The Vanguard of the Japanese Econony''. Tokyo: Oxford University Press, 1982.

Yoshino, Michael Y., and Thomas B. Lifson. ''The Invisible Link: Japan's Sogo Shosha and the Organization of Trade''. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986.

(Various issues of the following publications were also used in the preparation of this chapter: Asian Wall Street Journal [Hong Kong], 1989-90; Bank of Japan, Research and Statistics Department, Balance of Payments Monthly [Tokyo], 1981-92 and Keizai tokei nenpo (Economic Statistics Annual) [Tokyo], 1977-91; Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 1980-89; Japan, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Tsusho hakusho (Trade White Paper), 1980-89; Japan Economic Journal [Tokyo], 1980-89; Japan Statistical Yearbook [Tokyo], 1980-89; Japan Tariff Association, Summary Report Trade of Japan [Tokyo], 1980-91; and Tokyo Business Today [Tokyo], 1980-89.)

Political system
Allinson, Gary D., and Yasunori Sone (eds.). ''Political Dynamics in Contemporary Japan''. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1993.

Ames, Walter L. Police and Community in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

Apter, David, and Nagayo Sawa. ''Against the State: Politics and Social Protest in Japan''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984.

Asahi nenkan, 1990 (Asahi Yearbook, 1990). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbun, 1990.

Asia 1990 Yearbook. (Ed., Michael Malik.) Hong Kong: Review, 1990.

Austin, Lewis. ''Saints and Samurai: The Political Culture of the American and Japanese Elites''. (Yale Studies in Political Science, No. 27.) New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975.

Austin, Lewis (ed.). Japan: The Paradox of Progress. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976.

Baerwald, Hans H. "Japan's House of Councillors Election: A Mini-Revolution?" Asian Survey, 29, No. 9, September 1989, 833-41.

Baerwald, Hans H. Japan's Parliament: An Introduction. London: Cambridge University Press, 1975.

Baerwald, Hans H. "Japan's 39th House of Representatives Election: A Case of Mixed Signals," Asian Survey, 30, No. 6, June 1990, 541-59.

Bayley, David H. ''Forces of Order: Police Behavior in Japan and the United States''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

Beasley W.G. Japanese Imperialism, 1874-1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987.

Beasley W.G. The Modern History of Japan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

Beer, Lawrence W. Freedom of Expression in Japan: A Study in Comparative Law, Politics, and Society. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1984.

Beasley W.G. "Group Rights and Individual Rights in Japan," ''Asian Survey'', 21, No. 4, April 1981, 437–53.

Befu, Harumi. Ideorogii to shite no Nihon bunkaron (Theories of Japanese Culture as Ideology). Tokyo: Shiso no Kagaku Sha, 1987.

Berger, Gordon M. "The Three-Dimensional Empire: Japanese Attitudes and the New Order in Asia, 1937-1945," ''Japan Interpreter'' [Tokyo], 12, Nos. 3–4, Summer 1979, 355–83.

Bernstein, Gail Lee, and Haruhiro Fukui (eds.). ''Japan and the World: Essays on Japanese History and Politics in Honour of Ishida Takeshi''. Basingstoke, United Kingdom: Macmillan Press, 1988.

Bestor, Theodore C. Neighborhood Tokyo. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984–86.

Calder, Kent E. ''Crisis and Compensation: Public Policy and Political Stability in Japan, 1949-1986''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.

Calder, Kent E. "Japan in 1991: Uncertain Quest for a Global Role," Asian Survey, 32, No. 1, January 1992, 32–41.

Campbell, John Creighton. ''Contemporary Japanese Budget Politics''. (Studies of the East Asian Institute.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.

Campbell, John Creighton. "Policy Conflict and Its Resolution with the Governmental System." Pages 244–334 in Ellis S. Krauss, Thomas P. Rohlen, and Patricia G. Steinhoff (eds.), Conflict in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.

Cary, Otis (ed.). ''From a Ruined Empire: Letters, Japan, China, Korea, 1945-46''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1984.

Cohen, Theodore. ''Remaking Japan: The American Occupation as New Deal''. (Ed., Herbert Passin.) New York: Free Press, 1987.

Curtis, Gerald L. Election Campaigning Japanese Style. (Studies of the East Asian Institute, Columbia University.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1971.

Donnelly, Michael W. "Conflict Over Government Authority and Markets: Japan's Rice Economy." Pages 335–74 in Ellis S. Krauss, Thomas P. Rohlen, and Patricia G. Steinhoff (eds.), Conflict in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.

Finn, Richard B. ''Winners in Peace: MacArthur, Yoshida, and Postwar Japan''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.

Flanagan, Scott C., Shinsaku Kohei, Ichiro Miyaka, Bradley Richardson, and Joji Watanuki. The Japanese Voter. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.

Frager, Robert, and Thomas P. Rohlen. "The Future of a Tradition: Japanese Spirit in the 1980s." Pages 255–78 in Lewis Austin (ed.), Japan: The Paradox of Progress. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976.

Fujii, Shin'ichi. ''The Constitution of Japan: A Historical Survey''. Tokyo: Hokuseido Press, 1965.

Fujitani, Takashi. "Electronic Pageantry and Japan's 'Symbolic Emperor'," Journal of Asian Studies, 51, No. 4, November 1992, 824–50.

Fukatsu Masumi. "Doi Takako Tackles the Obstacles of Power," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 37, No. 1, January-March 1990, 24–30.

Fukui, Haruhiro. "Electoral Laws and the Japanese Party System." Pages 119–43 in Gail Lee Bernstein and Fukui Haruhiro (eds.), ''Japan and the World: Essays on Japanese History and Politics in Honour of Ishida Takeshi''. Basingstoke, United Kingdom: Macmillan Press, 1988.

Fukui, Haruhiro. "Japan in 1988: At the End of an Era," ''Asian Survey'', 29, No. 1, January 1989, 1–11.

Fukui, Haruhiro. "The Liberal Democratic Party Revisited: Continuity and Change in the Party's Structure and Performance," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 10, No. 2, Summer 1984, 385–436.

"Gengo: The Big Debate," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 26, No. 1, January-March 1979, 3–6.

Haley, John Owen. ''Authority Without Power: Law and the Japanese Paradox''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

Haley, John Owen. "Governance by Negotiation: A Reappraisal of Bureaucratic Power in Japan," Journal of Japanese Studies, 13, No. 2, Summer 1987, 343–58.

Haley, John Owen. "Sheathing the Sword of Justice in Japan: An Essay on Law Without Sanctions," Journal of Japanese Studies, 8, No. 2, Summer 1982, 265–82.

Hane, Mikiso. Peasants, Rebels, and Outcastes: The Underside of Modern Japan. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982.

Harari, Ehud. "The Institutionalisation of Policy Consultation in Japan: Public Advisory Boards." Pages 144–57 in Gail Lee Bernstein and Haruhiro Fukui (eds.), ''Japan and the World: Essays on Japanese History and Politics in Honour of Ishida Takeshi''. Basingstoke, United Kingdom: Macmillan Press, 1988.

Hardacre, Helen. Shinto and the State, 1868-1988. (Studies in Church and State.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Hata Ikuhiko. "When Ideologues Write History," Japan Echo [Tokyo], 13, No. 4, Winter 1986, 73–78.

Hayami Yujiro. ''Japanese Agriculture under Seige: The Political Economy of Agricultural Policies''. (Studies in the Modern Japanese Economy.) Basingstoke, United Kingdom: Macmillan Press, 1988.

Henderson, Dan Fenno. ''The Constitution of Japan: Its First Twenty Years, 1947-1967''. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1968.

Hoffman, Steven A. "Faction Behavior and Cultural Codes: India and Japan," Journal of Asian Studies, 40, No. 2, February 1981, 231–54.

Holtom, Daniel Clarence. ''The Japanese Enthronement Ceremonies''. (A Monumenta Nipponica Monograph.) Tokyo: Sophia University, 1972.

Holtom, Daniel Clarence. The Political Philosophy of Modern Shinto: A Study of the State Religion of Japan. (Reprint of 1922 edition.) New York: AMS Press, 1984.

Huffman, James L. "The Idioms of Contemporary Japan XI: Kinmyaku, Jinmyaku," Japan Interpreter [Tokyo], 9, No. 4, Spring 1975, 505–15.

Ike, Nobutaka. The Beginning of Political Democracy in Japan. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1950.

Ike, Nobutaka. A Theory of Japanese Democracy. (Westview Special Studies on China and East Asia.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1978.

Inoguchi, Takashi. "Explaining and Predicting Japanese General Elections, 1960-1980," Journal of Japanese Studies, 7, No. 2, Summer 1981, 285–318.

Inoguchi, Takashi. "Japanese Politics in Transition: A Theoretical Review," Government and Opposition [London], 28, No. 4, Autumn 1993, 443–55.

Iriye, Akira. ''Power and Culture: The Japanese-American War, 1941-1945''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981.

Ishida, Takeshi, and Ellis S. Krauss (eds.). Democracy in Japan. (Pitt Series in Policy and Institutional Studies.) Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989.

Ishii Ryosuke. A History of Political Institutions in Japan. Tokyo: Japan Foundation, 1980.

Jain, Purnendra. "Is the Mountain Back in Place? Interpreting Japan's House of Councillors Election of 1992," ''Pacific Review'' [London], 6, No. 1, 77–84.

Japan. Foreign Press Center. ''The Diet, Elections, and Political Parties''. (About Japan Series, 13.) Tokyo: 1985.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Johnson, Chalmers. "Japan: Who Governs? An Essay on Official Bureaucracy," Journal of Japanese Studies, 2, No. 1, Autumn 1975, 1-28.

Johnson, Chalmers. "Omote (Explicit) and Ura (Implicit): Translating Japanese Political Terms," Journal of Japanese Studies, 6, No. 1, Winter 1980, 89–116.

Johnson, Chalmers. "Tanaka Kukuei, Structural Corruption, and the Advent of Machine Politics in Japan," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 12, No. 1, Winter 1986, 1-28.

Kesavan, K.V. "Political Watershed 1989," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 37, No. 1, January-March 1990, 31–36.

Kishimoto Koichi. ''Politics in Modern Japan: Development and Organization''. Tokyo: Japan Echo, 1977.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Koh, B.C. Japan's Administrative Elite. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.

Koppel, Bruce, and Michael Plummer. "Japan's Ascendancy as a Foreign-Aid Power: Asian Perspectives," Asian Survey, 29, No. 11, November 1989, 1043–56.

Koschmann, J. Victor. ''Authority and the Individual in Japan: Citizen Protest in Historical Perspective''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1978.

Koschmann, J. Victor. "The Idioms of Contemporary Japan VIII: Tatemae to Honne," Japan Interpreter [Tokyo], 9, No. 1, Spring 1974, 98–104.

Koschmann, J. Victor. "The Idioms of Contemporary Japan X: Ko to Shi," ''Japan Interpreter'' [Tokyo], 9, No. 3, Winter 1975, 361–67.

Krauss, Ellis S. "Conflict in the Diet: Toward Conflict Management in Parliamentary Politics." Pages 243–93 in Ellis S. Krauss, Thomas P. Rohlen, and Patricia G. Steinhoff (eds.), Conflict in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.

Kubota Akira. "The Political Influence of the Japanese Higher Civil Service," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 28, No. 2, April-June 1981, 45–55.

Kumon Shumpei. "Japan Faces Its Future: The Political-Economics of Administrative Reform," Journal of Japanese Studies, 10, No. 1, Winter 1984, 143–66.

Kuo, Cheng-Tian, and Takuya Yanagisawa. "The Politics of Japan's Rice Trade," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 11, No. 4, Winter 1992, 19–39.

Kyogoku Jun'ichi. The Political Dynamics of Japan. (Trans., Ike Nobutaka.) Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1987.

Large, Stephen. ''Emperor Hirohito and Showa Japan: A Political Biography''. (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series.) London: Routledge, 1992.

Lee, T.S.Y. (ed.). "Japan." In Albert P. Blaustein and Gisbert H. Flanz (eds.), ''Constitutions of the Countries of the World'', 8. Dobbs Ferry, New York: Oceana, February 1973.

Maruyama Masao. ''Thought and Behavior in Modern Japanese Politics''. (Oxford in Asia College Texts.) Tokyo: Oxford University Press, 1979.

McCormack, Gavan, and Yoshio Sugimoto. Democracy in Contemporary Japan. Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1986.

McCormack, Gavan, and Yoshio Sugimoto (eds.). ''The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

McIntosh, Malcolm. Japan Re-armed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986.

McKean, Margaret A. ''Environmental Protest and Citizen Politics in Japan''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

McNelly, Theodore H. "`Induced Revolution': The Policy and Process of Constitutional Reform in Occupied Japan." Pages 76–106 in Robert E. Ward and Sakamoto Yoshikazu (eds.), Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1987.

Mover, Ross, and Yoshio Sugimoto. ''Images of Japanese Society: A Study in the Social Construction of Reality''. London: Kegan Paul, 1986.

Murakami Yasusuke. "The Age of New Middle Mass Politics: The Case of Japan," Journal of Japanese Studies, 8, No. 1, Winter 1982, 29–72.

Muramatsu Michio. "Center-Local Political Relations in Japan: A Lateral Competition Model," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 12, No. 2, Summer 1986, 303–28.

Muramatsu Michio. "In Search of National Identity: The Politics and Policies of the Nakasone Administration," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 13, No. 2, Summer 1987, 307–42.

Najita, Tetsuo. ''Japan: The Intellectual Foundations of Modern Japanese Politics''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

Nakagawa Yatsuhiro. "Japan, the Welfare Super-Power," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 5, No. 1, Winter 1979, 5-52.

Nakamura, Masanori. ''The Japanese Monarchy, 1931-1991: Ambassador Grew and the Making of the "Symbol Emperor System," 1931-1991''. (Trans., Herbert Bix.) (Asia and the Pacific Series.) Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1992.

Nakane Chie. Japanese Society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.

Nathan, John. Mishima: A Biography. Boston: Little, Brown, 1974.

Noble, Gregory W. "Japan in 1992: Just Another Aging Superpower," Asian Survey, 33, No. 1, January 1993, 1–11.

Noble, Gregory W. "Japan in 1993: Humpty Dumpty Had a Great Fall," ''Asian Survey'', 34, No. 1, January 1994, 19–29.

Odawara Atsushi. "Kaifu Toshiki: Prime Minister Betwixt and Between," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 36, No. 4, October-December 1989, 368–74.

Odawara Atsushi. "A Vague Uneasiness Haunts Voters," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 37, No. 2, April-June 1990, 153–57.

Packard, Jerrold M. ''Sons of Heaven: A Portrait of the Japanese Monarchy''. New York: Scribner's, 1987.

Pempel, T.J. Policy and Politics in Industrial States. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1982.

Pempel, T.J. "The Tar Baby Target: 'Reform' of the Japanese Bureaucracy." Pages 157–87 in Robert E. Ward and Sakamoto Yoshikazu (eds.), ''Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1987.

Pempel, T.J. "The Unbundling of 'Japan Incorporated': The Changing Dynamics of Japanese Policy Formation," Journal of Japanese Studies, 13, No. 2, Summer 1987, 271–306.

Pempel, T.J. (ed.). ''Uncommon Democracies: The One-Party Dominant Regimes''. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.

Pharr, Susan J. "The Politics of Human Rights." Pages 221–52 in Robert E. Ward and Sakamoto Yoshikazu (eds.), Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1987.

Powles, Cyril. "Yasukuni: Jinja Hoan: Religion and Politics in Contemporary Japan," Pacific Affairs [Vancouver], 49, No. 3, Fall 1976, 491–505.

Prestowitz, Clyde V., Jr. ''Trading Places: How We Allowed Japan to Take the Lead''. New York: Basic Books, 1988.

Quo, F. Quei. "The Impact of Domestic Politics on Japan's Foreign Policy." Pages 176–96 in Gail Lee Bernstein and Haruhiro Fukui (eds.), ''Japan and the World: Essays on Japanese History and Politics in Honour of Ishida Takeshi''. Basingstoke, United Kingdom: Macmillan Press, 1988.

Ramsdell, Daniel B. The Japanese Diet: Stability and Change in the Japanese House of Representatives, 1890-1990. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1992.

Ramseyer, J. Mark, and Frances McCall Rosenbluth. Japan's Political Marketplace. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993.

Reed, Steven R. "Is Japanese Government Really Centralized?" Journal of Japanese Studies, 8, No. 1, Winter 1982, 133-64.

Richardson, Bradley M. "Constituency Candidates Versus Parties in Japanese Voting Behavior," ''American Political Science Review'', 82, No. 3, September 1988, 695-718.

Richardson, Bradley M. The Political Culture of Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.

Richardson, Bradley M., and Scott C. Flanagan. ''Politics: Japan''. (Little Brown Series in Comparative Politics.) Boston: Little, Brown, 1984.

Richie, Donald. "Japanese Cinema." Pages 19-31 in Wimal Dissanayake (ed.), ''Cinema and Cultural Identity: Reflections on Films from Japan, India, and China''. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Rohlen, Thomas P. "Order in Japanese Society: Attachment, Authority, and Routine," Journal of Japanese Studies, 15, No. 1, Winter 1989, 5-40.

Sakamoto Yoshikazu. "The International Context of the Occupation of Japan." Pages 42-75 in Robert E. Ward and Sakamoto Yoshikazu (eds.), Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1987.

Samuels, Richard J. "Japan in 1989: Changing Times," ''Asian Survey'', 30, No. 1, January 1990, 42-51.

Sansom, George B. ''The Western World and Japan: A Study in the Interaction of European and Asiatic Cultures''. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1977.

Sasaki Takeshi. "The LDP Teeters in the Political Balance," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 36, No. 4, October-December 1989, 375-80.

Seekins, Donald M. "Cultural Essentialism in Contemporary Japan: The Issue of Identity," ''University of the Ryukyus Law Review'' [Nishihara, Okinawa], No. 45, 1990, 197-232.

"Showa 64, Heisei 1," Monumenta Nipponica [Tokyo], 44, No. 1, Spring 1989, 99-101.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Skinner, Kenneth. "The Idioms of Contemporary Japan XIX: Sarariman Manga," Japan Interpreter [Tokyo], 12, Nos. 3-4, Summer 1979, 449-57.

Smith, Charles. "Rightist Revision: The Flag-and-Anthem Furor in Schools," Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 148, No. 17, April 26, 1990, 21.

Steiner, Kurt, Ellis S. Krauss, and Scott C. Flangaar (eds.). Political Opposition and Local Politics in Japan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980.

Steinhoff, Patricia G. "Hijackers, Bombers, and Bank Robbers: Managerial Style in the Japanese Red Army," Journal of Asian Studies, 48, No. 4, November 1989, 724-40.

Steven, R.P.G. "Hybrid Constitutionalism in Prewar Japan," Journal of Japanese Studies, 3, No. 1, Winter 1977, 99-134.

Stockwin, J.A.A. ''Japan: Divided Politics in a Growth Economy''. (Comparative Modern Government Series.) New York: Norton, 1975.

Stockwin, J.A.A. "Japanese Politics: Good or Bad?" Pages 158-75 in Gail Lee Bernstein and Haruhiro Fukui (eds.), ''Japan and the World: Essays on Japanese History and Politics in Honour of Ishida Takeshi''. Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom: Macmillan Press, 1988.

Stockwin, J.A.A., et al. Dynamic and Immobilist Politics in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1988.

Tachibanaki, Toshiaki. "Japan's New Policy Agenda: Coping with Unequal Asset Distribution," ''Journal of Japanese Studies'', 15, No. 2, Summer 1989, 345-70.

Takabatake Michitoshi. "The LDP Victory: A Clear Path for the Future?" Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 37, No. 2, April-June 1990, 145-52.

Takabatake Michitoshi. "The Liberal Democratic Party in Crisis," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 36, No. 3, July-September 1989, 244-51.

Takagi Masayuki. "The Japanese Right Wing," ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 36, No. 3, July-September 1989, 300-305.

Tanaka Hideo. "The Conflict Between Two Legal Traditions in Making the Constitution of Japan." Pages 107-32 in Robert E. Ward and Sakamoto Yoshikazu (eds.), ''Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1987.

Tanaka Hideo (ed.). ''The Japanese Legal System: Introductory Cases and Materials''. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1976.

Thayer, Nathaniel B. How the Conservatives Rule Japan. (Studies of the East Asian Institute, Columbia University.) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969.

Tsunoda, Ryusaku, Wm. Theodore de Bary, and Donald Keene (comps.). Sources of Japanese Tradition. (Records of Civilization, Sources and Studies.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1958.

Ueno, Chizuko. "The Japanese Women's Movement: The Contervalues to Industrialism." Pages 167-85 in Gavan McCormack and Yoshio Sugimoto (eds.), ''The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

United States. Department of State. ''Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1989''. (Report submitted to United States Congress, 101st, 2d Session, Senate, Committee on Foreign Relations, and House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs.) Washington: GPO, February 1990.

United States. "The Japan Problem," Foreign Affairs, 65, No. 2, Winter 1986-87, 288-303.

Ward, Robert E. Japan's Political System. (2d ed.) Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1978.

Ward, Robert E. (ed.). ''Political Development in Modern Japan''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.

Ward, Robert E., and Sakamoto Yoshikazu (eds.). ''Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1987.

Who's Who in Japanese Government, 1988-89. Tokyo: International Cultural Association, 1988.

Wolfe, Eugene L., III. "Japan's LDP Considers Electoral Reform: A Neglected Political Debt," Asian Survey, 32, No. 6, September 1992, 773-86.

Wolferen, Karel G. van. ''The Enigma of Japanese Power: People and Politics in a Stateless Nation''. New York: Knopf, 1989.

Wolferen, Karel G. van. "Japan's Non-Revolution," Foreign Affairs, 72, No. 4, September-October 1993, 54-65.

Yamamoto Taketoshi. "The Press Club of Japan," Journal of Japanese Studies, 15, No. 2, Summer 1989, 371-88.

Yamamura, Kozo. "Shedding the Shackles of Success: Saving Less for Japan's Future," Journal of Japanese Studies, 13, No. 2, Summer 1987, 429-56.

Yayama, Taro. "The Newspapers Conduct a Mad Rhaposdy over the Textbook Issue," Journal of Japanese Studies, 9, No. 2, Summer 1983, 301-16.

Yayama, Taro. "The Recruit Scandal: Learning from the Causes of Conflict," Journal of Japanese Studies, 16, No. 4, Winter, 1990, 93-114.

(Various issues of the following publications were also used in the preparation of this chapter: Asahi Nenkan (Asahi Yearbook) [Tokyo], 1987-89; Asahi Shimbun [Tokyo], 1989-90; Asian Wall Street Journal [Hong Kong], 1988-90; Economist [London], 1988-90; Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 1988-90; Japan Times [Tokyo], 1988-90; and Ryukyu Shimpo [Naha], 1988-90.)

Foreign relations
Abe Shintaro. ''Creative Dipomacy: Japan's Initiative for Peace and Prosperity''. Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, January 1985.

Akaha, Tsuneo, and Frank Langdon (eds.). ''Japan in the Posthegemonic World''. Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1993.

Anderson, Desaix. "U.S. and Japan: Myths, Threats, and Opportunities," SAIS Review, 13, No. 2, Summer-Fall 1993, 95-106.

Arase, David. "Japanese Policy Toward Democracy and Human Rights in Asia," Asian Survey, 23, No. 10, October 1993, 935- 52.

Asada, Sadai (ed.). ''Japan and the World, 1853-1952: A Bibliographic Guide to Japanese Scholarship in Foreign Relations''. (Studies of the East Asian Institute, Columbia University.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1989.

Asia 1990 Yearbook. (Ed., Michael Malik.) Hong Kong: Review, 1990.

Auer, James A., et al. "Japan, 1988," Current History, 87, No. 528, April 1988, 115-92.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984-86.

Bienen, Henry (ed.). Power, Economics, and Security: The United States and Japan in Focus. (Pew Studies in Economics and Security.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1992.

Blaker, Michael. Japanese International Negotiating Style. (Studies of the East Asian Institute, Columbia University.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1977.

Bloch, Julia Chang. "A U.S.-Japan Aid Alliance: Prospects for Cooperation in an Era of Conflict." (Program on U.S.-Japan Relations, Harvard University.) Cambridge: 1989.

Bridges, Brian. "Japan: Hesitant Superpower," ''Conflict Studies'' [London], No. 264, September 1993, 1-29.

Bridges, Brian. "Japan and Europe: Rebalancing an Relationship," ''Asian Survey'', 32, No. 3, March 1992, 230-45.

Bridges, Brian. Japan and Korea in the 1990s: From Antagonism to Adjustment. Aldershot, United Kingdom: Elgar, 1993.

Bridges, Brian. "Japan's Aid Relations with Military Regimes in Burma, 1962-1991: The Kokunaika Process," Asian Survey, 32, No. 3, March 1992, 246-62.

Brown, Eugene. "The Debate over Japan's Strategic Future: Bilateralism Versus Regionalism," Asian Survey, 33, No. 6, June 1993, 543-59.

Brown, Harold. "The United States and Japan: High Tech Is Foreign Policy," SAIS Review, 9, No. 2, Summer-Fall 1989, 1-18.

Buckley, Roger. U.S.-Japan Alliance Diplomacy, 1945-1990. (Cambridge Studies in International Relations, No. 21.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Buzan, Barry. "Japan's Future: Old History Versus New Roles," International Affairs [London], 64, No. 4, October 1988, 557-73.

Clark, William, Jr. "U.S.-Japan Relations," ''Department of State Bulletin'', 88, No. 2141, December 1988, 27-30.

Corning, Gregory P. "U.S.-Japan Security Cooperation in the 1990s: The Promise of High-Tech Defense," Asian Survey, 29, No. 3, March 1989, 268-86.

Curtis, Gerald L. (ed.). ''Japan's Foreign Policy after the Cold War''. (Studies of the East Asian Institute.) Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1993.

Curtis, Gerald L.. ''The United States and Japan in Asia: Challenges for U.S. Policy''. New York: Norton, 1994.

Dauvergne, Peter. "Nuclear Power Development in Japan: `Outside Forces' and the Politics of Reciprocal Consent," ''Asian Survey'', 33, No. 6, June 1993, 576-91.

Destler, I.M., Hideo Sato, Priscilla Clapp, and Haruhiro Fukui. ''Managing an Alliance: The Politics of U.S.-Japanese Relations''. Washington: Brookings Institution, 1976.

deVillafranca, Richard. "Japan and the Northern Territories Dispute: Past, Present, Future," Asian Survey, 33, No. 6, June 1993, 610-24.

Drifte, Reinhard. Japan's Foreign Policy. (Chatham House Papers.) New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1990.

Duus, Peter, Ramon H. Meyers, and Mark R. Peattie (eds.). ''The Japanese Informal Empire in China, 1895-1937''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Edstrom, Bert. ''Japan's Quest for A Role in the World: Roles Ascribed to Japan Nationally and Internationally, 1969-1982''. Stockholm: University of Stockholm, 1988.

Emmott, Bill. ''The Sun Also Sets: The Limits to Japan's Economic Power''. New York: Times Books, 1989.

Falkenheim, Peggy L. "Evolving Regional Ties in Northeast Asia: Japan, the U.S., and the USSR," Asian Survey, 28, No. 12, December 1988, 1229-44.

Falkenheim, Peggy L. "The Soviet Union, Japan, and East Asia: The Security Dimension," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 8, No. 4, Winter 1989, 43-59.

Fallows, James. "Containing Japan," Atlantic Monthly, 263, No. 5, May 1989, 51-54.

Frost, Ellen L. ''For Richer, For Poorer: The New U.S.-Japan Relationship''. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1987.

Fukui, Haruhiro. "Japan in 1988: At the End of an Era," ''Asian Survey'', 29, No. 1, January 1989, 1-11.

Fukuyama, Francis, and Kongdan Oh. ''The U.S.-Japan Security Relationship after the Cold War''. Santa Monica, California: Rand, 1993.

Gelman, Harry. ''Russo-Japanese Relations and the Future of the U.S.-Japanese Alliance''. (Project Air Force, MR-168-AF.) Santa Monica, California: Rand, 1993.

George, Aurelia. "Japan and the United States: Dependent Ally or Equal Partner?" Pages 237-96 in J.A.A. Stockwin et al., Dynamic and Immobilist Politics in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1988.

George, Aurelia. "Japan's Participation in U.N. Peace-keeping Operations: Radical Departure or Predictable Responses?" ''Asian Survey'', 33, No. 6, June 1993, 560-75.

Giffard, Sidney. Japan among the Powers, 1880-1990. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.

Goble, Andrew, and James C. Carlson. "Japan's America-Bashers: America's Assertive Allies," Orbis, 34, No. 1, Winter 1990, 83-102.

Grimm, Margo. "Growing Global Role Reflected in Japan's FY 1993 Foreign Aid Budget," JEI Report, No. 1B, January 8, 1993, 10-11.

Hanami, Andrew K. "The Emerging Military-Industrial Relationship in Japan and the U.S. Connection," Asian Survey, 33, No. 6, June 1993, 592-609.

Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi. "Japanese Perceptions and Policies Toward the Soviet Union: Changes and Prospects under the Gorbachev Era." Pages 23-37 in Pushpa Thambipillai and Daniel C. Matuszewski (eds.), ''The Soviet Union and the Asia-Pacific Region: Views from the Region''. New York: Praeger, 1989.

Hellman, Donald C. China and Japan: A New Balance of Power. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1976.

Hinton, Harold C. Three and a Half Powers: New Balance in Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975.

Horne, Mari Kuraishi. "The Northern Territories: Source or Symptom?" Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 8, No. 4, Winter 1989, 60-76.

Inoguchi, Takashi. ''Japan's Foreign Policy in an Era of Global Change''. London: Pinter, 1993.

Iriye, Akira. China and Japan in the Global Setting. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.

Islam, Shafiqul. "Capitalism Conflict," Foreign Affairs, 69, No. 1, Winter 1989-90, 172-82.

Ito, Kan. "Trans-Pacific Anger," Foreign Policy, No. 78, Spring 1990, 131-52.

Jain, Rajendra Kumar. The USSR and Japan, 1945-1980. Atlantic Heights, New Jersey: Humanities Press, 1981.

Japan. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Gaiko seisho (Foreign Affairs Blue Paper.) Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Bureau of Economic Cooperation. Waga kuni no seifu kaihatsu enjo (Japan's Official Development Assistance). Tokyo: 1991.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Kearns, Kevin L. "After FSX: A New Approach to U.S.-Japan Relations," Foreign Service Journal, 66, No. 12, December 1989, 43–48.

Kesavan, K.V. "Japan and the Tiananmen Square Incident: Aspects of the Bilateral Relationship," Asian Survey, 30, No. 7, July 1990, 669–81.

Khanna, Vinod. "Sino-Japanese Relations in the Post-Cold War Perspective," China Report [New Delhi], 28, No. 4, October-December 1992, 329–45.

Kimura, Hiroshi. "Gorbachev's Japan Policy: The Northern Territories Issues," Asian Survey, 31, No. 9, September 1991, 798–816.

Kitamura, Hiroshi, Ryohei Murata, and Hisahiko Okazaki. ''Between Friends: Japanese Diplomats Look at Japan-U.S. Relations''. (Trans., Daniel R. Zoll.) New York: Weatherhill, 1985.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Kohno, Masaru. "Japanese Defense Policy Making: The FSX Selection, 1985-1987," Asian Survey, 29, No. 5, May 1989, 457–79.

Langdon, Frank C. Japan's Foreign Policy. Vancouver: University of Vancouver Press, 1973.

Lauren, Paul Gordon, and Raymond F. Wylie (eds.). ''Destinies Shared: U.S.-Japanese Relations''. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989.

Lee, Jung-Hoon. "Korean-Japanese Relations: The Past, Present and Future," Korea Observer [Seoul], 21, No. 2, Summer, 1990, 179–97.

L'Estrange, Michael G. ''The Internationalization of Japan's Security Policy: Challenges and Dilemmas for a Reluctant Power''. (Policy Papers in International Affairs, No. 36.) Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1990.

Mack, Andrew, and Martin O'Hare. "Moscow-Tokyo and the Northern Territories Dispute", Asian Survey, 30, No. 4, April 1990, 380–94.

Makin, John H., and Donald C. Hellmann. ''Sharing World Leadership?: A New Era for America and Japan''. (AEI Studies No. 488.) Washington: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989.

Mansfield, Mike. "The United States and Japan: Sharing Our Destinies," Foreign Affairs, 68, No. 3, Spring 1989, 3–15.

Martin, Jurek. "Trivializing the U.S.-Japan Debate," International Economy, 4, No. 2, April-May 1990, 26–30.

Masuzoe Yoichi. "Japan and the United States," Japan Echo [Tokyo], 16, No. 2, Summer 1989, 58–74.

Maurer, John H. "The United States and Japan: Collision Course?" Strategic Review, 21, No. 2, Spring 1993, 41–51.

Menon, Rajan, and Daniel Abele. "Security Dimensions of Soviet Territorial Disputes with China and Japan," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 8, No. 1, Spring 1989, 3–19.

Meyer, Peggy Falkenheim. "Moscow's Relations with Tokyo: Domestic Obstacles to a Territorial Agreement," Asian Survey, 23, No. 10, October 1993, 953–67.

Miyoshi, Masao. ''Off Center: Power and Culture Relations Between Japan and the United States''. (Convergence Series.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991.

Miyoshi, Masao, and H.D. Harootunian (eds.). ''Japan and the World''. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1993.

Morley, James W. ''Japan's Foreign Policy, 1868-1941: A Research Guide''. (Studies of the East Asian Institute.) New York: Columbia University Press, 1973.

Morse, Ronald A. "Japan's Drive to Pre-Eminence," ''Foreign Policy'', No. 69, Winter 1987-88, 3-21.

Nakasone Yasuhiro. "Beyond the Horizon of the Pacific." (CISA Working Paper No. 63.) Los Angeles: Center for International and Strategic Affairs, University of California, 1988.

Nester, William R. "Japan, Russia, and the Northern Territories: Continuities, Charges, Obstacles, Opportunities," ''Third World Quarterly'' [London], 14, No. 4, November 1993, 717- 34.

Nester, William R. ''Japan and the Third World: Patterns, Power, Prospects''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.

Nester, William R. ''Japan's Growing Predominance over East Asia and the World Economy''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.

Niksch, Larry A., et al. "Forum: Japan-United States Relations," CRS Review, 10, No. 6, July 1989, 1-23.

Nish, Ian. Japanese Foreign Policy, 1869-1942: Kasumigaseki to Miyakezaka. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1977.

Okazaki, Hisahiko. "Burden Sharing for a Military Balance," Japan Echo [Tokyo], 15, No. 3, Autumn 1988, 44–47.

Okita Saburo. Japan in the World Economy of the 1980s. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1989.

Okita Saburo. "Japan's Quiet Strength," Foreign Policy, No. 75, Summer 1989, 128–45.

Orr, Robert M., Jr. "The Aid Factor in U.S.-Japan Relations," Asian Survey, 28, No. 7, July 1988, 740–56.

Orr, Robert M., Jr. "Collaboration or Conflict? Foreign Aid and U.S.-Japan Relations," Pacific Affairs [Vancouver], 62, No. 4, Winter 1989, 476–89.

Peek, John M. "Japan, the United Nations, and Human Rights," Asian Survey, 32, No. 3, March 1992, 217–29.

Prestowitz, Clyde V., Jr. ''Trading Places: How We Allowed Japan to Take the Lead''. New York: Basic Books, 1988.

Pyle, Kenneth B. The Japanese Question: Power and Purpose in a New Era. Washington: AEI Press, 1992.

Rozman, Gilbert. ''Japan's Response to the Gorbachev Era, 1985- 1991: A Rising Superpower Views a Declining One''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.

Rubinstein, Gregg A. "U.S.-Japan Security Relations: A Maturing Partnership?" Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, 12, No. 1, Winter 1988, 41-54.

Saito, Shiro. ''Japan at the Summit: Japan's Role in the Western Alliance and Asian Pacific Cooperation''. London: Routledge for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1990.

Sato, Seizaburo. "Appraising the Japan-United States Partnership," Japan Echo [Tokyo], 15, No. 3, Autumn 1988, 38-43.

Sato, Seizaburo, et al. ''The Policy Recommendations on the "Strengthening of the U.N. Peace Function and Japan's Role."'' Tokyo: Japan Forum on International Relations, October 1992.

Scalapino, Robert A. The Foreign Policy of Modern Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.

Scalapino, Robert A., Seizaburo Sato, Jusuf Wanadi, and Sung-joo Han. ''Asia and the Major Powers: Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy''. (Research Papers and Policy Studies, No. 13.) Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1988.

Schlosstein, Steven B. "The New McCarthyism: Inside Washington's `Apologist v. Revisionist' Debate," ''International Economy'', 4, No. 2, April-May 1990, 32-35.

Schonberger, Howard B. ''Aftermath of War: Americans and the Remaking of Japan, 1945-1952''. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1989.

Segal, Gerald. "The USSR and Asia in 1988: Achievements and Risks," Asian Survey, 29, No. 1, January 1989, 101-11.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Spencer, Edson W. "Japan as Competitor," Foreign Policy, No. 78, Spring 1990, 153-71.

Stallings, Barbara. Common Vision, Different Paths: The United States and Japan in the Developing World. (ODC Policy Perspectives, No. 19.) Washington: Overseas Development Council, 1993.

Stockwin, J.A.A., et al. Dynamic and Immobilist Politics in Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1988.

Stokes, Bruce. "Economic Report: Who's Standing Tall?" ''National Journal'', 21, No. 42, October 21, 1989, 2568-73.

Sugihara, Kaoru, and J.A. Allan (eds.). ''Japan in the Contemporary Middle East''. London: Routledge, 1993.

Swearingen, Rodger. The Soviet Union and Postwar Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1978.

Tanada, William, et al. "The U.S.-Japan Trade and Security Relationship," Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, 12, No. 1, Winter 1988, 1-80.

Thambipillae, Pushpa, and Daniel C. Makuszewski (eds.). ''The Soviet Union and the Asia-Pacific Region: Views from the Region''. New York: Praeger, 1989.

Trezise, Phillip H. "Japan, the Enemy?" Brookings Review, 8, No. 1, Winter 1989-90, 3-13.

Tsurumi, Yoshi. "U.S.-Japanese Relations: From Brinkmanship to Statesmanship," World Policy Journal, 7, No. 1, Winter 1989-90, 1-33.

Unger, Danny, and Paul Blackburn (eds.). ''Japan's Emerging Global Role''. (An Institute for the Study of Diplomacy Book.) Boulder, Colorado: Rienner, 1993.

United States. Congress. 101st, 2d Session. House of Representatives. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade. ''U.S. Power in a Changing World: Proceedings of a Seminar Held by the Congressional Research Service--November 19–20, 1989''. Washington: GPO, May 1990.

United States. Congress. 101st, 2d Session. House of Representatives. Committee on Ways and Means. ''East Asia: Challenges for U.S. Economic and Security Interests in the 1990s: A Workshop''. Washington: GPO, September 26, 1988.

United States. Congress. 101st, 2d Session. House of Representatives. Committee on Armed Services. ''U.S.-Japan Burden Sharing: Japan has Increased Its Contributions But Could Do More''. (Report to the committee chairman, GAO/NSIAD-89-188.) Washington: August 15, 1989.

Wang, Qingxin Ken. "Recent Japanese Economic Diplomacy in China: Political Alignment in a Changing World," ''Asian Survey'', 33, No. 6, June 1993, 625-41.

Watts, William, in collaboration with Seizaburo Sato. ''America and Japan: How We See Each Other''. Washington: Commission on US-Japan Relations for the Twenty First Century, May 2, 1990.

Weinstein, Martin E. "Trade Problems and U.S.-Japanese Security Cooperation," Washington Quarterly, 11, No. 1, Winter 1988, 19-33.

Whiting, Allen S. China Eyes Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.

Wolferen, Karel G. van. ''The Enigma of Japanese Power: People and Politics in a Stateless Nation''. New York: Knopf, 1989.

Wolferen, Karel G. van. "Japan's Non-Revolution," Foreign Affairs, 72, No. 4, September-October 1993, 54-65.

Zhao, Quansheng. ''Japanese Policymaking: The Politics Behind Politics: Informal Mechanisms and the Making of China Policy''. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1993.

Zinberg, Yakov, and Reinhard Drifte. "Chaos in Russia and the Territorial Dispute with Japan," Pacific Review [London], 6, No. 3, 1993, 277-84.

(Various issues of the following publication was used in the preparation of this chapter: the Asian Wall Street Journal, 1989-91, and the Far Eastern Economic Review, 1989-94, both published in Hong Kong; the Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Daily Report: East Asia, 1989-91; and the Wall Street Journal, 1989-91.)

National security
Akaha Tsuneo. "Japan's Response to Threats of Shipping Disruptions in Southeast Asia and the Middle East," ''Pacific Affairs'' [Vancouver], 59, No. 2, Summer 1986, 255-77.

Akiko Kusaoi. "The Muck Starts Here: The SDF in Cambodia," ''Look Japan'' [Tokyo], 38, No. 443, February 1993, 4-7.

Alexander, Arthur. Of Tanks and Toyotas: An Assessment of Japan's Defense Industry. (Rand Note N-3542-AF.) Santa Monica, California: Rand, 1993.

Ames, Walter L. Police and Community in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

Asia 1990 Yearbook. (Ed., Michael Malik.) Hong Kong: Review, 1990.

Barnett, Robert W. ''Beyond War: Japan's Concept of Comprehensive National Security''. Washington: Pergamon-Brassey's, 1984.

Bayley, David H. ''Forces of Order: Police Behavior in Japan and the United States''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

Berger, Thomas U. "From Sword to Chrysanthemum: Japan's Culture of Anti-Militarism," International Security, 17, No. 4, Spring 1993, 119–50.

Bestor, Theodore C. Neighborhood Tokyo. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Bibliography of Asian Studies. (Annuals 1984 through 1986.) Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1984–86.

Boei nenkan, 1993 (Defense Yearbook, 1993). Tokyo: Defense Yearbook, 1993.

Bridges, Brian. "Japan: Hesitant Superpower," ''Conflict Studies'' [London], No. 264, September 1993, 1-29.

Buck, James H. (ed.). The Modern Japanese Military System. (Sage Research Progress Series on War, Revolution, and Peacekeeping, No. 5.) Beverly Hills: Sage, 1975.

Capien, Brian. "An Explosion in the Making," ''Asian Business'' [Hong Kong], 25, No. 10, October 1989, 21–24, 26–28.

Chinworth, Michael W. ''Inside Japan's Defense: Technology, Economics, and Strategy''. Washington: Brassey's, 1992.

Chuma Kiyofuku. "What Price the Defense of Japan?" ''Japan Quarterly'' [Tokyo], 34, No. 3, July-September 1987, 251–58.

Connaughton, Richard M. ''The War of the Rising Sun and Tumbling Bear: A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War, 1904-05''. London: Routledge, 1988.

Corning, Gregory P. "U.S.-Japan Security Cooperation in the 1990s: The Promise of High-Tech Defense," Asian Survey, 29, No. 3, March 1989, 268–86.

Drifte, Reinhard. ''Arms Production in Japan: The Military Applications of Civilian Technology''. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1986.

Drifte, Reinhard. Japan's Foreign Policy. (Chatham House Papers.) New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1990.

Duus, Peter. The Rise of Modern Japan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1976.

Endicott, John E. "U.S.-Japan Defense Cooperation in the 1990s," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 3, No. 3, Fall 1984, 48–58.

Fallows, Deborah. "Japanese Women," National Geographic, 177, No. 4, April 1990, 52–83.

Farris, William Wayne. Heavenly Warriors: The Evolution of Japan's Military, 500-1300. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, No. 157.) Cambridge: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1993.

Friday, Karl F. ''Hired Sword: The Rise of Private Warrior Power in Early Japan''. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992.

Fukuyama, Francis, and Kongdan Oh. ''The U.S.-Japan Security Relationship after the Cold War''. Santa Monica, California: Rand, 1993.

Gelman, Harry. ''Russo-Japanese Relations and the Future of the U.S.-Japanese Alliance''. (Project Air Force, MR-168-AF.) Santa Monica, California: Rand, 1993.

Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi, Jonathan Haslam, and Andrew Kuchins (eds.). ''Russia and Japan: An Unresolved Dilemma Between Distant Neighbors''. (Research Series, No. 87.) Berkeley: International and Area Studies, University of California, 1993.

Holland, Harrison M. Managing Defense: Japan's Dilemma. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988.

Horiguchi, Robert Y. "Potential Threats and Added Tensions." Pacific Defence Reporter [Sydney], 12, Nos. 6-7, December 1985-January 1986, 47-48, 50-53.

Hsü, Immanuel C.Y. The Rise of Modern China. (4th ed.) New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Ikegami-Andersson, Masako. ''The Military-Industrial Complex: The Cases of Sweden and Japan''. Brookfield, Vermont: Dartmouth, 1992.

Japan. Defense Agency. Defense of Japan, 1988. Tokyo: 1988.

Japan. Defense of Japan, 1989. Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. Defense of Japan, 1990. Tokyo: 1990.

Japan. Defense of Japan, 1991. Tokyo: 1991.

Japan. Management and Coordination Agency. Statistics Bureau. Nihon tokei nenkan, Showa 63 (Japan Statistical Yearbook, 1989). Tokyo: Sorifu, Tokeikyoku, 1988.

Japan. Ministry of Justice. ''Annual Report on Crime, 1987 (Summary)''. Tokyo: 1987.

Japan. National Police Agency. Keisatsu hakusho, Heisei 3 (Police White Paper, 1991). Tokyo: 1991.

Japan. National Police Agency. Keisatsu hakusho, 1987 (Police White Paper, 1987). Tokyo: 1987.

Japan. National Police Agency. The Police of Japan, 1980. Tokyo: 1980.

Japan. National Police Agency. The Police of Japan, 1989. Tokyo: 1989.

Japan. National Police Agency. ''White Paper on Police (Summary)''. Tokyo: Foreign Press Center, 1987.

Japan. Office of the Prime Minister. Public Opinion Survey on the Self-Defense Forces and Defense Problems. Tokyo: Foreign Press Center, 1988.

Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. (2 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1993.

Jieitai nenkan, 1989 (Self-Defense Forces Yearbook, 1989). Tokyo: Boei Nippo, 1989.

Jieitai nenkan, 1992 (Self-Defense Forces Yearbook, 1992). Tokyo: Boei Nippo, 1992.

Kamiya Fuji. "Japan's Perception of and Responses to the Threat to the Northwestern Pacific and Northeastern Asia." Pages 17-26 in Pacific Regional Security: The 1985 Symposium. Washington: National Defense University Press, 1988.

Kataoka Tetsuya, and Ramon H. Myers. ''Defending an Economic Superpower: Reassessing the U.S.-Japan Security Alliance''. (Westview Special Studies on East Asia.) Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989.

Katzenstein, Peter J., and Nobuo Okawara. "Japan's National Security: Structures, Norms, and Policies," ''International Security'', 17, No. 4, Spring 1993, 84-118.

Keddell, Joseph P. ''The Politics of Japanese Defense: Managing Internal and External Pressures''. Armonk, New York: Sharpe, 1993.

Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. (9 vols.) Tokyo: Kodansha, 1983.

Kohno, Masaru. "Japanese Defense Policy Making: The FSX Selection, 1985-1987," Asian Survey, 29, No. 5, May 1989, 457-79.

Kosobud, Richard F. (ed.). Northeast Asia and the United States: Defense Partnerships and Trade Rivalries. Chicago: Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, 1983.

Kuranari, Tadashi. "The Asian Situation and Japan's Response: With an Emphasis on the Korean Peninsula," ''Journal of Northeast Asian Studies'', 7, No. 4, Winter 1988, 68-75.

Langdon, Frank C. "The Security Debate in Japan," ''Pacific Affairs'' [Vancouver], 58, No. 3, Fall 1985, 397-410.

Levin, Norman D., Mark Lorell, and Arthur Alexander. ''The Wary Warriors: Future Directions in Japanese Security Policies''. Santa Monica, California: Rand, 1993.

Masuzoe Yoichi. "Winds of Change: Reassessing Japan's Defense," Look Japan [Tokyo], 32, No. 368, November 10, 1986, 2-3.

McIntosh, Malcolm. Japan Re-armed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986.

Menon, Rajan, and Daniel Abele. "Security Dimensions of Soviet Territorial Disputes with China and Japan," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 8, No. 1, Spring 1989, 3–19.

The Military Balance. (Annuals 1979-1980 through 1992- 1993.) London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1978–92.

Mitchell, Richard H. ''Janus-Faced Justice: Political Criminals in Japan''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1992.

Morison, Samuel Eliot, and Henry Steele Commager. The Growth of the American Republic. (7th ed.) New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.

Mushakoji Kinhide. "In Search of Formulas for Regional Peace," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 32, No. 3, July-September 1985, 234–39.

Nagashima, Atsushi. "The Accused and Society: The Administration of Criminal Justice in Japan." Pages 298–304 in Arthur Taylor von Mehren (ed.), ''Law in Japan: The Legal Order in a Changing Society''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1963.

Nakamura Ken'ichi. "Militarization of Post-war Japan." Pages 81–100 in Yoshikazu Sakamoto (ed.), ''Asia: Militarization and Regional Conflict''. Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey: Zed Books, 1988.

Nishihara Masashi. "Nakasone's Impact and Japanese Security Policy," Asian Defence Journal [Kuala Lumpur], January 1989, 37–38, 40, 42–43.

Noda, Yosiyuki. Introduction to Japanese Law. (Trans. and ed., Anthony H. Angelo.) Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1976.

O'Connell, John F. "The Role of the Self-Defense Forces in Japan's Sea Lane Defense," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 3, No. 3, Fall 1984, 59–64.

O'Connell, John F. "Strategic Implications of the Japanese SSM-1 Cruise Missile," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 6, No. 2, Summer 1987, 53–66.

Odawara Atsushi. "No Tampering with the Brakes on Military Expansion," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 32, No. 3, July-September 1985, 248–54.

Olsen, Edward A. "Security in the Sea of Japan," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 5, No. 4, Winter 1986, 48–66.

Okita Saburo. "Japan's Quiet Strength," Foreign Policy, No. 75, Summer 1989, 128–45.

Otsuki Shinji. "Battle over the FSX Fighter: Who Won?" Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 35, No. 1, April-June 1988, 139–45.

Pacific Regional Security: The 1985 Symposium. Washington: National Defense University Press, 1988.

Pape, Robert A. "Why Japan Surrendered," International Security, 18, No. 2, Fall 1993, 154–201.

Reynolds, Gary K. Japan's Military Buildup: Goals and Accomplishments. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1989.

Rogers, Linda, and C. Dominique van de Stadt. "Early Warning: Military," World Press Review, 37, No. 1, January 1990, 6.

Sakamoto, Yoshikazu (ed.). Asia: Militarization and Regional Conflict. Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey: Zed Books, 1988.

Sakonjo, Naotoshi. "Security in Northeast Asia," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 2, No. 3, September 1983, 87–97.

Samuels, Richard J. ''"Rich Nation, Strong Army": National Security and Ideology in Japan's Technological Transformation''. (Cornell Studies in Political Economy.) Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.

Sato Kinko. Why Is There Less Crime in Japan? Tokyo: Office for the Japanese Studies Center, 1984.

Shindo Eiichi. "A Deluded Defense Policy," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 35, No. 1, January-March 1988, 71-78.

Shinnosuke Inami. "Police Boxes and Their Officers," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 34, No. 3, July-September 1987, 295-99.

Shulman, Frank Joseph (ed.). Japan. (World Bibliographical Series, No. 103.) Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 1989.

Simon, Sheldon W. "Is There a Japanese Regional Security Role?" Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 5, No. 2, Summer 1986, 30-52.

Smith, Howard (ed.). Inside Japan. London: British Broadcasting Corporation, 1980.

"Strategic Significance of the Northern Island Territories," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 27, No. 1, January-March 1980, 11-14.

Takagi Yosuke. "Forcing Confessions in Japan," World Press Review, 36, No. 6, June 1989, 57.

Takayama Satoshi. "The Soviet Union Smiles at Japan," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 33, No. 2, April-June 1986, 129-37.

Takayanagi Kenzo. "A Century of Innovation: The Development of Japanese Law, 1868-1961." Pages 163-93 in Tanaka Hideo (ed.), The Japanese Legal System: Introductory Cases and Materials. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1976.

Tipton, Elise K. Japanese Police State: Tokko in Interwar Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1991.

Tsuneta Yano Memorial Society. Nihon kokusei tokai, 1992 (Charted Survey of Japan, 1992). Tokyo: 1992.

Tsuru, Shiegeto. Japan's Capitalism: Creative Defeat and Beyond. (Cambridge Economic Policies and Institutions Series.) New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Van de Velde, James R. "Japan's Nuclear Umbrella: U.S. Extended Nuclear Deterrence for Japan," Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 7, No. 4, Winter 1988, 16-39.

von Mehren, Arthur Taylor (ed.). Law in Japan: The Legal Order in a Changing Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1963.

Wada Haruki. "Japanese-Soviet Relations and East Asian Security," Japan Quarterly [Tokyo], 30, No. 2, April-June 1983, 188-92.

Walsh, J. Richard. "Technonationalism in U.S.-Japanese Security Relations: The FSX Controversy," Armed Forces and Society, 19, No. 3, Spring 1993, 377-91.

Wanner, Barbara. "Increase in FY 1993 Defense Budget Smallest in 33 Years," JEI Report, No. 1B, January 8, 1993, 8-10.

Weinstein, Martin E. "The Evolution of the Japan Self-Defense Forces." Pages 41-63 in James H. Buck (ed.), The Modern Japanese Military System. Beverly Hills: Sage, 1975.

Wolferen, Karel G. van. The Enigma of Japanese Power: People and Politics in a Stateless Nation. New York: Knopf, 1989.

(Various issues of the following publications were also used in the preparation of this chapter: American Embassy, Japanese Magazine Review [Tokyo], 1994; Economist [London], 1989; Far Eastern Economic Review [Hong Kong], 1989-90; and the Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Daily Report: East Asia, 1989–90.)