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Career in the United States
Posner spent the next twenty-two years working at American University. Posner, carrying on the dream of Buck, began to establish a program archivists in the United States. For a period of two years, beginning in 1939, Posner and Buck taught a class entitled "The History and Administration of Archives." Most of the students in the class were staff members of the National Archives including five archivists who would one day become presidents of the Society of American Archivists: Philip C. Brooks, Oliver W. Holmes, Philip Hamer, Elizabeth Edwards (later Elizabeth Hamer Kegan), and Herbert Angel. When Buck' was appointed as the Archivist of the United States in 1941, Posner took control of the influential course.

In 1943 Posner gave a famous lecture (later published as "Public Records under Military Occupation") which was among the first calls for plans to administer captured German records. In November 1944, Posner prepared a report on the German archival profession, including biographical sketches and estimates of political views, for 72 leading German archivists.

Posner’s German heritage was questioned by many when he applied for citizenship. Posner was accused by Seanaotr Kennerth McKella of attempting to make the bombing of the National Archive easier by switching the records boxes from cardboard into steel. However, on February 16, 1944, Buck appeared before the Senate Subcommittee on Independent Agencies and defended Posner.

Posner also held various positions as chairman of the History Department, dean of the Graduate School, and director of the School of Social Sciences and Public Affairs at American University. One of his responsibilities s as Graduate School dean was counseling prospective students. This included Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis when she was considering working towards an M.A. in history.

For his role in the development of American archival theory and practice, he was sometimes called "the Dean of American archivists." From 1955 to 1956 Posner served as the 11th president of the Society of American Archivists.

In 1972, Posner returned to Europe, settling in Wiesbaden, Germany.

Additional information can also be taken from:

Archives in the Ancient World

Back to the Future: Ernst Posner's Archives in the Ancient World

Archivist Ernest Posner Dies at Age 87

https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2014/10/13/the-posner-affair/