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Senior First Rank (正一位) is the highest Japanese court rank. It tops the structure that replaced the former systems in use since the promulgation of the Taihō Code of 703.

Overview
The Senior First Rank did not correspond directly to any specific position in the statutory system (Ritsuryō). It, together with its Junior counterpart, was theoretically the level of court hierarchy befitting to a Chancellor of the Realm (Daijō-daijin). However, the list of Daijō-daijin heavily exceeds the number of people ever admitted to the Senior First Rank. Furthermore, the position of Daijō-daijin itself was, according to the legislation, rather symbolic and more exemplary than wielding actual power.

Hence, the Senior First Rank was from the outset more of a way of honouring the exceptional state policymakers, later not infrequently granted to the wielders of Kanpaku power as well as to shoguns. Yet, only six people in the whole history of the rank have been appointed to the Senior First Rank while still alive; most frequently, it remained a posthumous honour. Since the raising of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Oda Nobunaga during the Taishō era (1912 – 1926), there were no new appointments to the rank.

List of title holders
The following is the exhaustive list of every Senior First Rank holder in Japan. Names in bold are people who gained the rank during their lives.