User:Mr. Ibrahem/ACE inhibitor

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are a class of medication used primarily for high blood pressure, heart failure, kidney disease, and coronary heart disease. Other uses may include migraines and scleroderma. They are typically taken by mouth, though some are available by injection.

ACE inhibitors are generally well tolerated. Common side effects include a cough, lightheadedness, low blood pressure, decreased kidney function, and high potassium. The decreased kidney function typically occurs in people with renal artery stenosis. Other side effects may include angioedema. They are avoided if severe kidney problems or history of angioedema. Use during pregnancy can harm the baby. They work by stopping the angiotensin converting enzyme and therefore decreasing angiotensin II. Lower levels of angiotensin II results in dilation of blood vessels and increased release of water and sodium by the kidneys. A blood test to check kidney function is typically carried out a week after starting an ACE inhibitor or after changing the dose.

ACE inhibitors, specifically captopril, came into medical use in 1981. They are commonly used as of 2021. In the United States they are a first line treatment for high blood pressure, along with calcium channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, and angiotensin receptor blockers. Most are available as generic medication and are not very expensive.