User:Mr. Ibrahem/Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis is growth of the inner lining of the uterus into the uterine wall. Symptoms often include painful and heavy periods; though, some have no symptoms. Other symptoms may include chronic pelvic pain and pain with sex. Complications may include infertility and it is often associated with endometriosis.

The cause is unclear. Risk factors may include obesity, birth control pills, C-section, prior pregnancy, and dilation and curettage. The underlying mechanism may involved injury and repair to the inside of the uterus or Müllerian tissue. Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by ultrasound, MRI, or biopsy. A small or large area of the uterus may be involved. Often the uterus is enlarged; though it is not cancerous.

Symptoms may be improved by NSAIDs, birth control pills, a hormonal IUD, or danazol. Procedural options include uterine artery embolization, endometrial ablation, and myomectomy. In those who do not want further children, options include surgical removal of the uterus.

Adenomyosis is estimated to affect 20 to 35% women. It most commonly occurs in those of reproductive age, with diagnosis often in peoples 40s. Carl von Rokitansky, a German pathologist, first described the condition in 1860. The term is from "adenos" meaning "gland", "myo" meaning muscle, and "osis" meaning condition.