User:Mr. Ibrahem/Bleomycin

{{Drugbox
 * Verifiedfields   = changed
 * Watchedfields    = changed
 * verifiedrevid    = 401932982
 * drug_name        =
 * INN              =
 * image            = Bleomycin A2.svg
 * width            = 350
 * alt              =
 * image2           = Bleomycin ball-and-stick.png
 * width2           = 300
 * alt2             =
 * caption          = Bleomycin A2


 * type             =


 * pronounce        =
 * tradename        = Blenoxane
 * synonyms         =
 * INN              =
 * IUPAC_name       = (3-$($[(2'-{{(}}(5S,8S,9S,10R,13S)-15-{{(}}6-amino-2- [(1S)-3-amino-1-{{(}}[(2S)-2,3-diamino-3-oxopropyl]amino}-3-oxopropyl] -5-methylpyrimidin-4-yl}-13-[{[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3- {[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-(carbamoyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-6- (hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy} -4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy} (1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-9-hydroxy-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-8,10-dimethyl-4,7,12,15-tetraoxo-3,6,11,14-tetraazapentadec-1-yl}-2,4'-bi-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)carbonyl]amino}propyl)(dimethyl)sulfonium


 * class            = Chemotherapy (glycopeptide antibiotic)
 * uses             = Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer
 * side_effects     = Fever, weight loss, vomiting, rash
 * interactions     =
 * pregnancy_AU     = D
 * pregnancy_AU_comment=
 * pregnancy_US     = N
 * pregnancy_US_comment=
 * pregnancy_category= D
 * breastfeeding    =
 * routes_of_administration= intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrapleural
 * onset            =
 * duration_of_action=
 * defined_daily_dose= not established
 * typical_dose     =
 * dependency_liability=
 * addiction_liability=


 * Drugs.com        =
 * MedlinePlus      = a682125


 * legal_AU         =
 * legal_AU_comment =
 * legal_BR         =
 * legal_BR_comment =
 * legal_CA         =
 * legal_CA_comment =
 * legal_DE         =
 * legal_DE_comment =
 * legal_NZ         =
 * legal_NZ_comment =
 * legal_UN         =
 * legal_UN_comment =
 * legal_UK         = POM
 * legal_UK_comment =
 * legal_US         = Rx-only
 * legal_US_comment =
 * legal_status     =
 * DailyMedID       = Bleomycin
 * licence_US       = Bleomycin
 * licence_CA       =
 * licence_EU       = Yes


 * bioavailability  = 100% and 70% following intramuscular and subcutaneous administrations, respectively, and 45% following both intraperitoneal and intrapleural administrations
 * protein_bound    =
 * metabolism       =
 * metabolites      =
 * elimination_half-life= two hours
 * excretion        = renal (60–70%)


 * C= 55 | H= 84 | N= 17 | O= 21 | S= 3

}}
 * chemical_formula =
 * SMILES           = CC1=C(N=C(N=C1N)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC[C@@H](C(=O)N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C2=CN=CN2)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O3)CO)O)O)O[C@@H]4[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)OC(=O)N)O)C(=O)N[C@H](C)[C@H]([C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCCC5=NC(=CS5)C6=NC(=CS6)C(=O)NCCC[S+](C)C)O
 * StdInChI         = 1S/C55H83N17O21S3/c1-20-33(69-46(72-44(20)58)25(12-31(57)76)64-13-24(56)45(59)82)50(86)71-35(41(26-14-61-19-65-26)91-54-43(39(80)37(78)29(15-73)90-54)92-53-40(81)42(93-55(60)88)38(79)30(16-74)89-53)51(87)66-22(3)36(77)21(2)47(83)70-34(23(4)75)49(85)63-10-8-32-67-28(18-94-32)52-68-27(17-95-52)48(84)62-9-7-11-96(5)6/h14,17-19,21-25,29-30,34-43,53-54,64,73-75,77-81H,7-13,15-16,56H2,1-6H3,(H13-,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,65,66,69,70,71,72,76,82,83,84,85,86,87,88)/p+1/t21-,22+,23+,24-,25-,29-,30+,34-,35-,36-,37+,38+,39-,40-,41-,42-,43-,53+,54-/m0/s1
 * StdInChI_Ref     =
 * StdInChI_comment =
 * StdInChIKey      = OYVAGSVQBOHSSS-UAPAGMARSA-O
 * StdInChIKey_Ref  =
 * Jmol             =
 * molecular_weight = 1415.551
 * density          =
 * density_notes    =
 * melting_point    =
 * melting_high     =
 * melting_notes    =
 * boiling_point    =
 * boiling_notes    =
 * solubility       =
 * sol_units        =
 * specific_rotation =

Bleomycin is a medication used to treat cancer. This includes Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer among others. Typically used with other cancer medications, it can be given intravenously, by injection into a muscle or under the skin. It may also be administered inside the chest to help prevent the recurrence of a fluid around the lung due to cancer; however talc is better for this.

Common side effects include fever, weight loss, vomiting, and rash. A severe type of anaphylaxis may occur. It may also cause inflammation of the lungs that can result in lung scarring. Chest X-rays every couple of weeks are recommended to check for this. Bleomycin may cause harm to the baby if used during pregnancy. It is believed to primarily work by preventing the making of DNA.

Bleomycin was discovered in 1962. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between US$14 and US$78 a dose. It is made by the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus.