User:Mr. Ibrahem/Butorphanol

Butorphanol, sold under the brand name Stadol among others, is an opioid used to treat pain. As a nasal spray, it may be used to treat migraines. By injection into a vein or muscle, it may be used to treat moderate to severe pain. Onset of effects is within 15 minutes and may last up to 5 hours.

Side effects may include sleepiness, respiratory depression, confusion, feeling high, agitation, itchiness, sweating, nausea, and constipation. While there is the potential for misuse, this is less than morphine. Long term use in pregnancy can result in neonatal abstinence syndrome in the baby. It has agonist–antagonist effects at the µ and ĸ type opiate receptors.

Butorphanol was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in 1978. It is available as a generic medication. In the United States a 1 mg vial for injection costs about 6 USD. In the United States it is a schedule IV controlled substance.